Previous studies on the follow-up effect of serendipity mostly focused on the positive effects and less on the negative effects. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the negative effect of serendipity on the purchase intention of unexpected products. To verify all hypotheses in this article, we used online and offline survey data in China. Three experimental results showed that serendipity contains a certain degree of uncertainty, which will cause consumers’ perceived risk and decrease the purchase intention of (...) unexpected products. Perceived risk plays a mediating role in the effect of serendipity on the purchase intention of unexpected products. Moreover, regulatory focus moderates the effect of serendipity on purchase intention of unexpected products. Specifically, for prevention-focused individuals, the negative effect of serendipity on the purchase intention of unexpected products is strengthened. For promotion-focused individuals, the negative effect of serendipity on the purchase intention of unexpected products is weakened. This article augments the understanding of the negative effects of serendipity and provides theoretical guidance and support for the management practice of marketers. (shrink)

Previous research has mostly focused on Internet use behaviors, such as usage time of the Internet or social media after individuals experienced offline social exclusion. However, the extant literature has ignored online response behaviors, such as online review responses to social exclusion. To address this gap, drawing on self-protection and self-serving bias, we proposed three hypotheses that examine the effect of offline social exclusion on online reviews, which are verified by two studies using different simulating scenarios with 464 participants. The (...) results show that when individuals are socially excluded offline, regardless of where the exclusion comes from, they will be more likely to give negative online reviews. In addition, brand awareness moderates the effect of offline social exclusion on online reviews. Specifically, if the brand is less known, compared with social inclusion, offline social exclusion will lead individuals to give more negative online reviews; conversely, for well-known brands, no significant difference exists in the online reviews between social exclusion and inclusion. (shrink)

Purpose.This paper presents a new method and model based on stochastic MULTIMOORA method and discuss its application to the doctor evaluation in healthcare service.Design/Methodology/Approach. In the previous studies, the number of decision group is often assumed to be small, and the different dimensions of the evaluation indexes were also less. In this paper, the authors study how to evaluate the healthcare service quality of doctors by the large group. Based on the stochastic MULTIMOORA theory, the authors use the method that (...) builds the function of the net probability, the distance between the ideal solutions, and the utility of each doctor.Findings.This paper presents a novel model to determine the optimal doctor that considers both two dimensions in the index system and balances the evaluation results of the two dimensions. The authors designed the questionnaire and conducted field survey to make the proposed method closer to the actual situation in China. Then, they determined the optimal evaluation result for the healthcare service quality of doctors.Research Limitations/Implications.In the process of practical decision-making, there are differences in intellectual literacy level, regional background, and language preference between different decision-makers. it is impossible for the method we proposed to consider the differentiation index system of decision-makers’ preference comprehensively. And this will be a further research direction.Practical Implications.The authors proposed two evaluation index dimensions and tryed to balance the evaluation results of the two dimensions as much as possible. Meanwhile, the information aggregation method based on stochastic MULTIMOORA is distinguished.Social Implications.The proposed method can be applied to the evaluation of doctors in actual healthcare service. It is helpful to improve the healthcare service quality and the hospital management level, further improve the core competition of hospitalsOriginality/Value.This paper makes up for the lack of existing studies of the large group evaluation decision in the healthcare service. A new method on the evaluation of doctors by the large group is established and applied to a healthcare management decision-making problem with Chinese characteristics in reality. (shrink)

The centriole is a widely conserved organelle required for the assembly of centrosomes, cilia, and flagella. Its striking feature – the nine‐fold symmetrical structure, was discovered over 70 years ago by transmission electron microscopy, and since elaborated mostly by cryo‐electron microscopy and super‐resolution microscopy. Here, we review the discoveries that led to the current understanding of how the nine‐fold symmetrical structure is built. We focus on the recent findings of the centriole structure in high resolution, its assembly pathways, and its (...) nine‐fold distributed components. We propose a model that the assembly of the nine‐fold symmetrical centriole depends on the concerted efforts of its core proteins. Also see the video abstract here:https://youtu.be/m4h_3II_WJo. (shrink)

自己思考過後找到的答案，往往跟自己有關。 這個屬於自己的答案，當然比別人給的更特別，更好。__褚士瑩 褚士瑩師事法國哲學老師奧斯卡‧柏尼菲，從這一位「非典型」老師身上經歷了前所未有的思考練習與震撼教育。 世界上這麼多東西可以學，為什麼一定要學哲學？而且值得學的老師那麼多，為什麼偏偏是奧斯卡？ 褚士瑩形容奧斯卡是「搶走禮物的聖誕老人」，甚至因為幫忙安排諮商行程，竟然收到律師函，成為被告上法庭…… 但是褚士瑩卻在學習哲學思考的過程中，變成一個被「挑戰」問題時超開心，被「質疑」問題時興奮無比的人。 問，為什麼人生不能想做什麼就做什麼？ 問，為什麼學思考，就等於學做人？ 問，為什麼被挑戰、被質疑，反而會高興？ 問，為什麼謹慎小心不好？ 問，為什麼有錢人不會成為物質的奴隸？ 問，為什麼我不能幫爸媽安排他們的人生？ 問，為什麼要學習「享受」問題，而不是「解決」問題？ 人生階段百百問，但是如果我們開始動腦思考，其實就已經踏入改變自己的第一步。 《我為什麼去法國上哲學課？》實踐篇最大的特點在於，本書將強調如何使用思考的技巧，幫助我們每一天的生活。而最好的方法就是從觀察開始，任何生活裡的小事，都可以去問「為什麼會這樣？」「為什麼會有這個現象？」 不論是跟人一句短短的對話，還是我們聽到的一句話，都可以觀察自己的反應與情緒。 如此一來「每一件事情都可以想，世界上沒有任何一件不可以想的事情，從此以後我沒有任何一個時刻是無聊的，因為就算聽到很無聊的話，也可以觀察這個人為什麼會說這麼無聊的話？他真的相信說的這些話嗎？如果他不相信 ，為什麼他覺得他要說呢？」 本書也等於透過實例舉證，讓讀者像是親臨「哲學諮商」的實境，在每一個生活上會產生的問題，如人與人之間的溝通、對未來的徬徨與抉擇、金錢的價值觀，最重要的是釐清複雜的人際關係，學習相處與成長。當我們將問題透 過「哲學思考」來一層一層推理，最終我們都回到最原始的關鍵上，那就是：「我是一個 什麼樣的人？」「我認識我自己嗎？」「我了解自己嗎？」「我愛自己嗎？」 本書特色 工作無法趁心如意，對未來茫然不知方向，到底該轉職？還是繼續忍耐熬？ 你其實想大吼：人生難道不能想做什麼就做什麼嗎？ 越想完美經營人脈，越抓不到重點，你有沒有想過自己對「人際關係」很貪心？ 好了，現在下決心脫離舒適圈，好像自由高飛了， 但你也許在「更保守的國外」原地踏步繞圈圈…… 以上問號絕對不是「跟著感覺走」就能夠得到答案，也不是別人的答案，可以先偷來用。 你如何找到屬於自己的路？ 哲學思考實踐→尋找適合自己的思考方法 ★用第三者的角度來看自己。 ★學習享受問題，而不是解決問題。 ★善用「刪去法」知道自己不要什麼。 ★「跟著感覺走」不是真思考。 ★人生充滿未知，請不要過度準備。 ★把每一個意外，都當成一個禮物。 ★不斷練習，養成有紀律的思考習慣。.

Numbers. Natural numbers -- Integers -- Real numbers -- Irrational and transcendental numbers -- Funny numbers. Zero -- e : the unnatural natural number -- [Phi] : the golden ratio -- i : the imaginary number -- Writing numbers. Roman numerals -- Egyptian fractions -- Continued fractions -- Logic. Mr. Spock is not logical -- Proofs, truth, and trees : oh my! -- Programming with logic -- Temporal reasoning -- Sets. Cantor's diagonalization : infinity isn't just infinity -- Axiomatic set (...) theory : keep the good, dump the bad -- Models : using sets as the LEGOs of the math world -- Transfinite numbers : counting and ordering infinite sets -- Group theory : finding symmetries with sets -- Mechanical math. Finite state machines : simplicity goes far -- The turing machine -- Pathology and the heart of computing -- Calculus : no, not that calculus- [lambda] calculus -- Numbers, booleans, and recursion -- Types, types, types : modeling [lambda] calculus -- The halting problem. (shrink)

本书是作者的一部遗作。书中对中国国学大师王国维1898-1911年间11种哲学译稿进行了详尽周密考订和主板,可谓王国维研究的可喜成果。作者同时利用加“按”的形式,在许多细微的对比与议论中贯注了自己的审 美意识与世界观,也具有学术价值.

Business simulation games (BSGs) have been widely used in entrepreneurship education with positive effects. However, there are still some deficiencies in the BSGs, such as limited guidance, low uncertainty and limited simulation environment, which make it impossible to exert the maximum effect. Artificial intelligence (AI) can solve the above shortcomings. The combination of AI and BSGs is the possible development direction of BSGs. But how to effectively combine BSGs with AI is still an open question. Using a quasi-experimental design, this (...) study uses fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to analyze how participants’ entrepreneurial attitude changes in BSGs. The results show that BSGs can effectively improve entrepreneurial attitude, and there are four types of promotion configurations. These four configurations consist of five antecedent conditions. According to the above conclusions, AI can improve entrepreneurial attitude in BSGs in various ways, such as simulating competitors, providing targeted feedback for failures, and improving game experience. The contribution of this paper is to highlight the possibility of combining AI with BSGs, and to provide suggestions on how AI can intervene in BSGs. (shrink)

In face recognition systems, highly robust facial feature representation and good classification algorithm performance can affect the effect of face recognition under unrestricted conditions. To explore the anti-interference performance of convolutional neural network reconstructed by deep learning framework in face image feature extraction and recognition, in the paper, first, the inception structure in the GoogleNet network and the residual error in the ResNet network structure are combined to construct a new deep reconstruction network algorithm, with the random gradient descent and (...) triplet loss functions as the model optimizer and classifier, respectively, and it is applied to the face recognition in Labeled Faces in the Wild face database. Then, the portrait pyramid segmentation and local feature point segmentation are applied to extract the features of face images, and the matching of face feature points is achieved using Euclidean distance and joint Bayesian method. Finally, Matlab software is used to simulate the algorithm proposed in this paper and compare it with other algorithms. The results show that the proposed algorithm has the best face recognition effect when the learning rate is 0.0004, the attenuation coefficient is 0.0001, the training method is SGD, and dropout is 0.1, and the algorithm proposed in this paper has the largest mean average precision compared to other CNN algorithms. The correct rate of face feature matching of the algorithm proposed in this paper is 84.72%, which is higher than LetNet-5, VGG-16, and VGG-19 algorithms, the correct rates of which are 6.94%, 2.5%, and 1.11%, respectively, but lower than GoogleNet, AlexNet, and ResNet algorithms. At the same time, the algorithm proposed in this paper has a faster matching time and a higher correct matching rate than the joint Bayesian method, indicating that the deep reconstruction network algorithm proposed in this paper can be used in face image recognition, FE, and matching, and it has strong anti-interference. (shrink)

本书主要研究的是心理现象的形式、范围、本质、特征、心身关系、心理内容及其根源等,并对常识心理解释模式和心理学进行哲学反思。.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Teaching the Trinity:Scripture and Performance of the Psychological Analogy in Aquinas's Summa TheologiaeZane E. ChuTeaching the Trinity, for St. Thomas Aquinas, takes its point of departure from Sacred Scripture. He makes this explicit at the outset of the Trinitarian treatise in the Summa theologiae, citing Christ's words at John 8:42, "from God I proceeded," and affirming, "divine Scripture in the things of divinity, uses words that pertain to procession."1 (...) The order of teaching then continues through speculative effort to give an account of the scriptural witness to the distinction of persons in God, in order to return to the same Scripture with a deeper grasp of its meaning.2Aquinas is a master of the sacred page, and his basic pedagogy for theology involves the "exercises of Sacred Scripture" of reading, disputing, and preaching.3 Recent scholarship draws attention to his reading of Scripture [End Page 1149] expressed in biblical commentaries as foundational for his teaching and as an interpretive context for his summative works.4 My purpose is to illustrate this basic pedagogy in the Trinitarian treatise of the Summa theologiae, taking the Lectura super Ioannem as an interpretive context for the analogies of word and love—the psychological analogy—for the Trinity. Most scholarly discussion of the psychological analogy elaborates on its theoretical aspects, with some attention to its scriptural foundation.5 I wish to show the priority of Scripture in Aquinas's employment of this analogy in three respects, namely, its foundation in exegesis, performative aspects, and orientation toward preaching.My investigation focuses on question 27 of the prima pars alongside pertinent sections of the Super Ioannem. I argue that citations from the Gospel of John (8:42, 15:26, and 14:16) in the sed contras of articles 1 and 3 function to ground the psychological analogy in scriptural exegesis and to prompt its performance. Turning to the corresponding commentary shows Aquinas leading the student to knowledge of Christ as divine Word and to love of him from the Holy Spirit that both leads to and follows upon such knowledge. This provokes an affective experience of loving Christ in knowing his divinity that is an actual performance of the psychological analogy. The magisterial responses then use this affective experience as a basis to facilitate a grasp of the analogy, the articulation of which is a further guided performance that reflects on this experience. Aquinas teaches the Trinity by exercising the student both affectively and intellectually in its scriptural foundation for a deeper grasp that prepares for preaching. I develop my argument in three [End Page 1150] main steps. First, I specify the place of Scripture in Aquinas's teaching and review the composition of the Trinitarian treatise. Then, I examine the first four articles of question 27 and corresponding sections of the Super Ioannem, in the order of the analogies of word and of love. Lastly, I consider Aquinas's treatment of the Holy Spirit's proper name of Love and subsequent preaching to illustrate Scripture as a point of arrival through performance of the psychological analogy.The Place of Scripture in Aquinas's TeachingFor Aquinas, Scripture is placed within his broader practice of sacra doctrina or holy teaching, attention to which assists in demonstrating how the Johannine citations ground the psychological analogy in Scripture and prompt its performance. Sacra doctrina has a primarily pastoral orientation, namely, to form Dominicans for preaching and hearing confessions.6 Though more speculative than practical, sacra doctrina as speculation or contemplation of the truth of Christian faith contained in Scripture is to be handed on to others.7 This requires training in the scriptural exercises of reading and disputing as preparation for preaching. These may be taken as "spiritual exercises" that engage not only thought, but also affectivity in service of personal transformation for the preacher's way of life.8 Aquinas's practice of sacra doctrina begins with reading Scripture as expressed in biblical commentaries, and develops in the Summa theologiae, which accesses Scripture through citations to offer a summative grasp of the truth contained therein. Here, I review the formal aspects of Aquinas's teaching from Scripture in these texts... (shrink)

This study examines the role of codes of ethics in reducing the extent to which managers act opportunistically in reporting earnings. Corporate codes of ethics, by clarifying the boundaries of ethical corporate behaviors and making relevant social norms more salient, have the potential to deter managers from engaging in opportunistic financial reporting practices. In a sample of international companies, we find that the quality of corporate codes of ethics is associated with higher earnings quality, i.e., lower discretionary accruals. Our results (...) are confirmed for a subsample of firms more likely to be engaging in opportunistic reporting behavior, i.e., firms that just meet or beat analysts’ forecasts. Further, codes of ethics play a greater role in reducing earnings management for firms in countries with weaker investor protection mechanisms. Our results suggest that corporate codes of ethics can be a viable alternative to country-level investor protection mechanisms in curbing aggressive reporting behaviors. (shrink)

서양의 도전적 자연관이 아닌, 동야의 순응하는 자연관을 토대로, 무위자연의 도에서 출발하는 저자 나름의 도치정치사상을 설명했다. 동양의 신 자연혁명의 개요부터 도치정치의 개념과 정워, 도치정치의 대의원 제도의 이론적 근거, 도치정치의 세계정부 제안 등의 내용을 담고 있다. (제1권).