This paper investigates the concept of behavioral integrity from three important foci in organizational settings: i.e., leader, organization, and follower. Drawing from theories of behavioral integrity, social learning, and social identity, we examine the effects of leader and organizational behavioral integrity on follower behavioral integrity and organizational citizenship behavior via follower identification with leader and with organization, respectively. To test our hypotheses, we used data from three studies. Studies 1 and 2 were online experiments in which behavioral integrity was manipulated (...) in written scenarios to explore the proposed causal relationships. Study 3 was a multisource field study that tested a mediation model using matched data collected from 280 employees and their co-workers from a Fire and Rescue Service in the United Kingdom. The findings provide partial support for our hypothesized model and highlight the importance of examining multiple foci of behavioral integrity as well as the role of follower identification as key mediating mechanisms of the relationship between leader and organizational behavioral integrity and follower behavioral outcomes. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. (shrink)

Evidence from a growing number of studies suggests leader character as a means to advance leadership knowledge and practice. Based on this evidence, we propose a process model depicting how leader character manifests in ethical leadership that has positive psychological and performance outcomes for leaders, along with the moderating effect of leaders’ self-control on the character strength–ethical leadership–outcomes relationships. We tested this model using multisource data from 218 U.S. Air Force officers and their subordinates and superiors. Findings provide initial support (...) for leader character as a mechanism triggering positive outcomes such that only when officers reported a high level of self-control did their honesty/humility, empathy, and moral courage manifest in ethical leadership, associated with higher levels of psychological flourishing and in-role performance. We discuss the implications of these results for future theory development, research, and practice. (shrink)

After years of progress in terms of gender and sexual rights, since 2012 Europe is facing a so-called gender backlash – opposition directed to issues related to reproductive policies and abortion, violence against women, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and queer rights and gay marriages, gender mainstreaming and sex education at schools as well as antidiscrimination policies. In this article, firstly, by taking the anti-gender developments as point of reference, I examine the emergence of anti-gender movement in Europe via the (...) use of what I call troll science. Troll science is based on scientific arguments moulded into populist discourse, creating an alternative narrative on the conceptions of gender equality. Similar to troll accounts posting provocative, superfluous and even off-topic messages on social media to start arguments and quarrels aiming to distract, troll science, I argue, creates an alternative narrative opposing the scientific facts and discourses. Later, I discuss the emerging conservative troll-scientific discourses and the gendered public normative order of Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi government, under the New Turkey. I previously argued that New Turkey and the society under the party’s rule perpetuated by a new set of standards create an alternative narrative on the conceptions of gender equality through troll-science narratives. I concluded by showing how such ideological discourses help create emotional echo chambers – enabling its fast distribution and acceptance by the ideologically conservative groups.Contribution: This paper contributes to the Special Collection Gender Justice, Health and Human Development with the theory of troll-science it introduces to discuss the alternative and anti-gender scientific discourse that is dominating academia. (shrink)

İnsanî nefsin mahiyeti/hakikati sorunu, İslâm düşüncesinde farklı yönleriyle inceleme konusu olmuş ve âlimler tarafından çeşitli yaklaşımlar ileri sürülmüştür. Mütekaddimîn kelamcılarının aksine müteahhirîn kelâmcıları takip ettikleri yöntem ve telif üslubu gibi sebeplerden dolayı genelde nefsin mahiyetini tartıştıkları bölümde görüşlerini açıkça belirtmemişlerdir. Müteahhirîn döneminin önde gelen kelamcılarından Teftâzânî de eserlerinin nefisle ilgili bölümlerinde, bir taraftan cismânî nefis görüşünü benimsediğini gösteren ifadeler kullanırken diğer taraftan soyut nefse kapı aralayan açıklamalara da yer vermiştir. Konuyla ilgili görüşünü tam olarak tespit etmek için düşünce sistemini meydana (...) getiren diğer konulardaki görüşlerinin incelenmesi gerekir. Düşünce sistemi bir bütün olarak incelendiğinde Teftâzânî’nin, duyumsanan bedenin ötesinde bir nefsin varlığının apaçıklığını savunduğu ve farklı cismânî nefis anla- yışları arasından “diğer cisimlerle aynı hakikate sahip latif cisim” görüşünü tercih ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca onun, insanî nefsin hakikati konusunda kelâmcıların çoğunluğuna nispet ettiği aslî parçaları da insanî nefsin değil bedenin özü olarak kabul ettiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Teftâzânî’nin fizik, epistemoloji, ontoloji ve teoloji konularına ilişkin görüşlerinde insan tasavvurunun izleri takip edilecek ve elde edilen verilerden hareketle onun insanî nefsin hakikatine dair yaklaşımı ortaya konulacaktır. (shrink)

Scholars in Islamic thought have examined the question of the human soul`s essence through its various aspects and asserted diverse approaches. Unlike the earlier Islamic theologians, the later Islamic theologians generally did not explicitly express their opinions on the essence of the human soul within the chapters discussing this issue because of their distinctive method and discussion style pertaining to the works in that period. Al-Taftāzānī, who is among the foremost Islamic theologians of the later period of kalām, wrote statements (...) indicating his acceptance of the concept of corporeal soul in his works’ chapters on the human soul. However, he also included statements implying the idea of the immaterial soul in these same chapters. Analyzing Taftāzānī`s opinions about the varied topics with which his thought system was involved is essential for determining his views on the essence of the human soul. By examining his thought system, this article has concluded Taftāzānī to have argued the human soul to self-evidently exist beyond the sensible body and to have preferred the view of the subtle body as identical to other bodies in terms of essence within the diversified views of corporeal soul. Moreover, he considered the essential parts, which he had predicated to most Islamic theologians as a view on the essence of the human soul, not as the essence of the human soul but as the basis of the sensible body. This article traces Taftāzānī`s thoughts on the human soul through his views on physics, epistemology, ontology, and theology then reveals his opinions on the essence of the human soul based on these findings. (shrink)

This article focuses on the resurgence of women’s movements in Turkey and Norway against the backdrop of their historical trajectories and wider gender policies. Throughout the 2010s, both countries witnessed a similar set of conservative and neoliberal policies that intervened in women’s bodily rights. In both countries, women’s movements responded with mass mobilizations and influenced the political agenda. The proposed restrictions on abortion were interpreted as a restriction on women’s basic bodily rights in both countries. This article argues that a (...) feminist, multidimensional reconceptualization of the concept of citizenship and a definition of abortion as an element of women’s bodily citizenship rights are useful to promote a strong and encompassing argument for mobilization. The comparative analysis shows that the right to control one’s own body has been a unifying issue for women’s movements in Turkey and Norway which are gradually becoming more inclusive. (shrink)

This study proposes a reassessment of the social and political thought of Ziya Gökalp, the most influential ideologue of Turkish nationalism. Challenging the still ubiquitous trend which emphasizes the influence of Western ideas to explain the dominant intellectual currents of the late Ottoman Empire, this article locates Gökalp’s thought in the continuity of Ottoman-Islamic intellectual tradition. Indeed, Gökalp’s thought incorporates and appropriates many concepts, arguments and definitions present in that tradition as well as the tensions existing in the historical (...) narratives of Ottoman and Islamic history. As evidence of this continuity, the first part focuses on the dual concepts of medeniyet and hars in Gökalp’s thought and demonstrates his use of traditional vocabulary and the historical tension between Sufi Islam and orthodox-legal Islam in defining these two categories. Gökalp’s idealism and his celebration of Durkheimian sociology also rest on a particular interpretation of Sufi tradition. Accordingly, the second part deals with the political concepts Gökalp uses, particularly tecdîd, and demonstrates how Gökalp’s usage is comparable to other Ottoman authors from the eighteenth century onwards, and reflects the quest for the qualities that once made the Empire great. In the light of these findings, the article proposes a dynamic and inclusive concept of tradition and concludes with some methodological reflections on the practice of intellectual history in the late Ottoman context. Keywords: Ziya Gökalp, Sufism, Islamic revivalism, tradition, impact of the West, Ibn Khaldun, culture and civilization. (shrink)