Results for 'cognitive capacities'

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  1.  19
    Unfolding cognitive capacities.Jacques Dubucs - 2006 - In D. Andler, M. Okada & I. Watanabe (eds.), Reasoning and Cognition. pp. 95--101.
    As regards cognitive capacities, the point of view of classical Artificial Intelligence has been much challenged by the so-called emergentist point of view. This paper attempts to outline,on the basis of logical considerations dealing with practical feasibility, a general theory of incompressible unfolding that is consonant with an old Leibnizian stance rather with the contemporary theory of complexity. I defend a variant of emergentism according to which any process that leads to endow a system with cognitive (...) is such an incompressible unfolding. (shrink)
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  2.  25
    Respect, cognitive capacity, and profound disability.John Vorhaus - 2021 - Metaphilosophy 52 (5):541-555.
    According to one prominent form of moral individualism, how an individual is to be treated is determined, not by considering her group membership, but by considering her own particular characteristics. On this view, so this paper argues, it is not possible to provide an account of why people with profound cognitive disabilities are owed respect. This conclusion is not new, but it has been challenged by writers who are sympathetic to the recommended emphasis. The paper aims to show that (...)
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  3. Innate cognitive capacities.Muhammad ali KhAlidi - 2007 - Mind and Language 22 (1):92-115.
    This paper attempts to articulate a dispositional account of innateness that applies to cognitive capacities. After criticizing an alternative account of innateness proposed by Cowie (1999) and Samuels (2002), the dispositional account of innateness is explicated and defended against a number of objections. The dispositional account states that an innate cognitive capacity (output) is one that has a tendency to be triggered as a result of impoverished environmental conditions (input). Hence, the challenge is to demonstrate how the (...)
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  4.  22
    Cognitive capacity limitations and Need for Cognition differentially predict reward-induced cognitive effort expenditure.Dasha A. Sandra & A. Ross Otto - 2018 - Cognition 172 (C):101-106.
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  5. On cognitive capacity.Noam A. Chomsky - 1975 - In Noam Chomsky (ed.), Reflections On Language. Temple Smith.
  6.  60
    (1 other version)Separating Cognitive Capacity from Knowledge: A New Hypothesis.Glenda Andrews Graeme S. Halford, Nelson Cowan - 2007 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 11 (6):236.
  7. Innate cognitive capacities: the poverty of the stimulus argument vs. the curry argument.Ilya Bulov - 2020 - The Humanities and Social Studies in the Far East 17 (3):99-103.
    The article is dedicated to the popular argument among nativists, who use it against the empiricist approach. We analyze the strongest objection against the poverty of the stimulus argument which is the curry argument. As a result of the critical consideration of the poverty of the stimulus discussion, we conclude that the curry argument is quite sound.
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  8.  6
    Robots without Sophisticated Cognitive Capacities: Are They Persons?Nancy S. Jecker - 2024 - Philosophy and Technology 37 (2):1-5.
    This Commentary critiques Paul Showler’s combination view of robot moral status, which combines sophisticated cognitive capacities like consciousness with highly valued machine-human relationships. Showler holds that a combined approach carries the advantage of more fully accounting for ordinary folk psychology views about of what it means to have moral standing and be a person. This commentary paper is largely sympathetic to Showler, but argues for a stronger view: being a person is a cluster concept that can include a (...)
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  9.  22
    Residual Cognitive Capacities in Patients With Cognitive Motor Dissociation, and Their Implications for Well-Being.Mackenzie Graham - 2021 - Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 46 (6):729-757.
    Patients with severe disorders of consciousness are thought to be unaware of themselves or their environment. However, research suggests that a minority of patients diagnosed as having a disorder of consciousness remain aware. These patients, designated as having “cognitive motor dissociation”, can demonstrate awareness by imagining specific tasks, which generates brain activity detectable via functional neuroimaging. The discovery of consciousness in these patients raises difficult questions about their well-being, and it has been argued that it would be better for (...)
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  10.  26
    Thought Experiments, Epistemology & our Cognitive Capacities.Kenneth R. Westphal - 2017 - In Michael T. Stuart, Yiftach Fehige & James Robert Brown (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments. London: Routledge.
    Does epistemology collapse for lack of resources other than logic, conceptual analysis and descriptions of one’s own apparent experiences, thoughts and beliefs? No, but understanding how and why not requires, Kant noted, a ‘changed method of thinking’. Some of these methodological changes are summarised in §2 in order to identify a philosophical role for thought experiments to help identify logically contingent, though cognitively fundamental capacities and circumstances necessary to human thought, experience and knowledge. As Kant also noted, experiments are (...)
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  11.  27
    Exploring the Human Cognitive Capacity in Understanding Systems: A Grey Systems Theory Perspective.Ehsan Javanmardi & Sifeng Liu - 2020 - Foundations of Science 25 (3):803-825.
    The main purpose of this study is to probe into the human capacity of understanding systems and defects in human knowledge of the world. The study addresses the greyness levels and systems levels and explains why the world cannot be perceived as a purely white or black structure. It also clarifies why human knowledge of systems always remains grey. The investigation relies on logical and deductive reasoning and uses the theoretical foundations of systems thinking and Boulding’s systems hierarchy. The most (...)
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  12. Critique and cognitive capacities: Towards an action-oriented model.Magnus Hörnqvist - 2021 - Philosophy and Social Criticism 48 (1):62-85.
    In response to an impasse, articulated in the late 1980s, the cognitive capacities of ordinary people assumed central place in contemporary critical social theory. The participants’ perspective gained precedence over scientific standards branded as external. The notion of cognition, however, went unchallenged. This article continues the move away from external standards, and discusses two models of critique, which differ based on their underlying notions of cognition. The representational model builds on cognitive content, misrecognition and normativity; three features (...)
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  13.  32
    How numerals support new cognitive capacities.Stefan Buijsman - 2020 - Synthese 197 (9):3779-3796.
    Mathematical cognition has become an interesting case study for wider theories of cognition. Menary :1–20, 2015) argues that arithmetical cognition not only shows that internalist theories of cognition are wrong, but that it also shows that the Hypothesis of Extended Cognition is right. I examine this argument in more detail, to see if arithmetical cognition can support such conclusions. Specifically, I look at how the use of numerals extends our arithmetical abilities from quantity-related innate systems to systems that can deal (...)
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  14.  83
    Cognitive capacities, mental modules, and neural regions.Keith Frankish - unknown
    Dan lloyd (2011) issues a salutary warning against the assumption of what I shall call neural modularity—the view that there is a one-to-one mapping between cognitive functions and distinct brain regions. He shows how the assumption can distort the interpretation of neuroimaging studies and blind researchers to global structures and activity patterns that may be crucial to many aspects of cognitive function and dysfunction.In this note, I want to add a further dimension to the discussion by making connections (...)
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  15.  75
    Developmental changes in probabilistic reasoning: The role of cognitive capacity, instructions, thinking styles and relevant knowledge.Francesca Chiesi, Caterina Primi & Kinga Morsanyi - 2011 - Thinking and Reasoning 17 (3):315 - 350.
    In three experiments we explored developmental changes in probabilistic reasoning, taking into account the effects of cognitive capacity, thinking styles, and instructions. Normative responding increased with grade levels and cognitive capacity in all experiments, and it showed a negative relationship with superstitious thinking. The effect of instructions (in Experiments 2 and 3) was moderated by level of education and cognitive capacity. Specifically, only higher-grade students with higher cognitive capacity benefited from instructions to reason on the basis (...)
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  16.  16
    Are plants organisms with cognitive capacity?Ciencia Cognitiva - forthcoming - Ciencia Cognitiva.
    Javier Osorio Mancilla Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Granada, España Historically, plants have received a secondary role in … Read More →.
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  17.  83
    Moral Enhancement Should Target Self-Interest and Cognitive Capacity.Rafael Ahlskog - 2017 - Neuroethics 10 (3):363-373.
    Current suggestions for capacities that should be targeted for moral enhancement has centered on traits like empathy, fairness or aggression. The literature, however, lacks a proper model for understanding the interplay and complexity of moral capacities, which limits the practicability of proposed interventions. In this paper, I integrate some existing knowledge on the nature of human moral behavior and present a formal model of prosocial motivation. The model provides two important results regarding the most friction-free route to moral (...)
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  18.  14
    Eye-tracking IQ: Cognitive capacity and strategy use on a ratio-bias task.Valerie A. Thompson - 2021 - Cognition 208 (C):104523.
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  19.  10
    The Law of Requisite Cognitive Capacity in Human Communication, Conflict Resolution and Cooperation Solicitation.Jason Jixuan Hu - 2008 - Emergence: Complexity and Organization 10 (4).
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  20.  16
    A Cathedral with Disconnected Chapels? Reassessing the Cognitive Capacities of Neanderthals in Light of Recent Archaeological Discoveries.Cheng Liu - 2021 - Journal of Cognition and Culture 21 (3-4):243-260.
    The reconstruction of hominins’ cognitive evolution has always been a crucial but challenging task. Researchers from various disciplines have tried to approach this issue, among which British archaeologist Steven Mithen’s cathedral model is regarded as one of the earliest and most creative attempts. In this model, he proposed that the Neanderthal’s mind is like a cathedral with disconnected chapels. Specifically, Neanderthals possessed advanced social, natural history, technical, and even linguistic intelligence modules, but the first three modules are isolated from (...)
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  21.  18
    The smart intuitor: Cognitive capacity predicts intuitive rather than deliberate thinking.Matthieu Raoelison, Valerie A. Thompson & Wim De Neys - 2020 - Cognition 204 (C):104381.
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  22.  19
    Systems and cognitive capacities.Robert Cummins - 1978 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 1 (2):231-232.
  23.  16
    Thus we way conclude that cognitive states of human brain correspond to high dimensional dynamics whereas, as the cognitive capacity diminishes so does the fractal dimension therefore the coherence of the neuronal network increases.A. Babloyantz - 1995 - In R. J. Russell, N. Murphy & A. R. Peacocke (eds.), Chaos and Complexity. Vatican Observatory Publications. pp. 107.
  24.  16
    Reasoning strategy vs cognitive capacity as predictors of individual differences in reasoning performance.Valerie A. Thompson & Henry Markovits - 2021 - Cognition 217 (C):104866.
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  25.  35
    Ought We to Enhance Our Cognitive Capacities?1.Torbjörn Tännsjö - 2009 - Bioethics 23 (7):421-432.
    ABSTRACT Ought we to improve our cognitive capacities beyond the normal human range? It might be a good idea to level out differences between peoples cognitive capacities; and some people's reaching beyond normal capacities may have some good side‐effects on society at large (but also bad side‐effects, of course). But is there any direct gain to be made from having ones cognitive capacities enhanced? Would this as such make our lives go better? No, (...)
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  26.  40
    Do enhanced states exist? Boosting cognitive capacities through an action video-game.Maria Kozhevnikov, Yahui Li, Sabrina Wong, Takashi Obana & Ido Amihai - 2018 - Cognition 173 (C):93-105.
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  27.  20
    Estimating Human Cognitive Capacities: A Response to Landauer.Lawrence Hunter - 1988 - Cognitive Science 12 (2):287-291.
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  28.  38
    Human‐Animal Chimeras, “Human” Cognitive Capacities, and Moral Status.David Degrazia - 2019 - Hastings Center Report 49 (5):33-34.
    In “Human‐Animal Chimeras: The Moral Insignificance of Uniquely Human Capacities,” Julian Koplin explores a promising way of thinking about moral status. Without attempting to develop a model in any detail, Koplin picks up Joshua Shepherd's interesting proposal that we think about moral status in terms of the value of different kinds of conscious experience. For example, a being with the most basic sort of consciousness and sentience would have interests that matter morally, while a being whose consciousness featured the (...)
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  29.  20
    Can personality traits be inferred automatically? Spontaneous inferences require cognitive capacity at encoding.J. Uleman - 1992 - Consciousness and Cognition 1 (1):77-90.
    Previous research showed that people can make trait inferences from single behaviors described in sentences, without either intentions to do so or awareness of having done so. This suggested that these inferences might be automatic. By definition, “automatic” cognitive processes occur without intentions or awareness, without effort, and without using capacity-limited cognitive processing resources. Winter, Uleman, and Cunniff attempted to manipulate available cognitive capacity by varying the difficulty of the concurrent cognitive task. This did not affect (...)
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  30.  31
    Using Shannon entropy and Kolmogorov complexity to study the communicative system and cognitive capacities in ants.Boris Ryabko & Zhanna Reznikova - 1996 - Complexity 2 (2):37-42.
  31.  14
    Search for Expectancy-Inconsistent Information Reduces Uncertainty Better: The Role of Cognitive Capacity.Paweł Strojny, Małgorzata Kossowska & Agnieszka Strojny - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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  32. The role of representation in connectionist explanation of cognitive capacities.Robert C. Cummins - 1991 - In William Ramsey, Stephen P. Stich & D. M. Rumelhart (eds.), Philosophy and Connectionist Theory. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 91--114.
  33.  26
    An Estimate of How Much People Remember, Not of Underlying Cognitive Capacities.Thomas K. Landauer - 1988 - Cognitive Science 12 (2):293-297.
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  34. Processing capacity defined by relational complexity: Implications for comparative, developmental, and cognitive psychology.Graeme S. Halford, William H. Wilson & Steven Phillips - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (6):803-831.
    Working memory limits are best defined in terms of the complexity of the relations that can be processed in parallel. Complexity is defined as the number of related dimensions or sources of variation. A unary relation has one argument and one source of variation; its argument can be instantiated in only one way at a time. A binary relation has two arguments, two sources of variation, and two instantiations, and so on. Dimensionality is related to the number of chunks, because (...)
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  35.  24
    The modularity and maturation of cognitive capacities.David M. Rosenthal - 1980 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 3 (1):32-34.
  36.  66
    Sexuality and Intimacy in the Nursing Home: A Romantic Couple of Mixed Cognitive Capacities.Jeffrey T. Berger - 2000 - Journal of Clinical Ethics 11 (4):309-313.
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  37.  30
    Context-dependent feature discovery is evidence that the coordination of function is a basic cognitive capacity.W. A. Phillips - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (1):34-35.
    Schyns et al. make a strong case for context-dependent feature discovery. The features computed from specialized and diverse data-sets help to coordinate their activity by adapting so as to emphasize what is related across sets. Their perspective can be strengthened and extended by formal arguments for the contextual guidance of learning and processing and by neurobiological and psychological evidence of structures and processes that implement this guidance.
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  38. Music as a manifestation of human cognitive capacities.Luminiţa Pogăceanu - 2009 - Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations 8:165-169.
  39.  6
    Clinical Research On Conditions Affecting Cognitive Capacity.Samia Hurst - 2011 - In Judy Illes & Barbara J. Sahakian (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Neuroethics. Oxford University Press.
    Research is crucial to improve medicine's ability to care for the sick, and this includes research on conditions affecting cognition. This article focuses on whether persons suffering from diseases affecting cognition can be enrolled in research when the purpose is to investigate the condition leading to this impairment. It also discusses when they may be enrolled and on the precautions which are necessary if they are. Protections for vulnerable persons in research have two components: fair subject selection, and the specific (...)
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  40.  35
    Information capacity of discrete motor responses under different cognitive sets.Paul M. Fitts & Barbara K. Radford - 1966 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 71 (4):475.
  41.  95
    (1 other version)Thinking about the good: Reconfiguring liberal metaphysics (or not) for people with cognitive disabilities.Anita Silvers & Leslie Pickering Francis - 2009 - Metaphilosophy 40 (3-4):475-498.
    Liberalism welcomes diversity in substantive ideas of the good but not in the process whereby these ideas are formed. Ideas of the good acquire weight on the presumption that each is a person's own, formed independently. But people differ in their capacities to conceptualize. Some, appropriately characterized as cerebral, are proficient in and profoundly involved with conceptualizing. Others, labeled cognitively disabled, range from individuals with mild limitations to those so unable to express themselves that we cannot be sure whether (...)
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  42.  19
    Cognitive Processes and Legal Capacity in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: A Brief Research Report.Fabiana Saffi, Cristiana C. A. Rocca, Edgar Toschi-Dias, Ricardo S. S. Durães & Antonio P. Serafim - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    The current study verified the association between cognitive process such as attention, executive functioning, and legal capacity in patients with bipolar disorder. The sample consisted of 72 participants, assorted to episodic patients, euthymic patients, and healthy controls. We used the following neuropsychological measures: subtests of the Wechsler Abbreviated Intelligence Scale : vocabulary and matrix reasoning; Continuous Performance Test ; Five Digit Test ; and Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure. Euthymic patients expressed slower processing speed compared to HC. They tended to make (...)
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  43.  10
    Discourse gist: A window into the brain’s complex cognitive capacity.Raksha Anand Mudar & Sandra Bond Chapman - 2013 - Discourse Studies 15 (5):519-533.
    Discourse, in general, and gist reasoning specifically, are valuable tools to explore cognitive brain health across the life span. Gist reasoning is a higher-order cognitive function that entails a constructive/integrative process in which explicit content of the stimuli is combined with personal knowledge to generate meaning that is transformed and personally salient. In this article, we discuss gist reasoning ability as a marker of cognitive brain health and its potential in differentiating normal cognitive brain health from (...)
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  44.  71
    Efficiency, capacity, compensation, maintenance, plasticity: emerging concepts in cognitive reserve.Daniel Barulli & Yaakov Stern - 2013 - Trends in Cognitive Sciences 17 (10):502-509.
  45.  97
    Disenfranchisement and the Capacity / Equality Puzzle: Why Disenfranchise Children But Not Adults Living with Cognitive Disabilities?Attila Mráz - 2020 - Moral Philosophy and Politics 7 (2):255-279.
    In this paper, I offer a solution to the Capacity/Equality Puzzle. The puzzle holds that an account of the franchise may adequately capture at most two of the following: (1) a political equality-based account of the franchise, (2) a capacity-based account of disenfranchising children, and (3) universal adult enfranchisement. To resolve the puzzle, I provide a complex liberal egalitarian justification of a moral requirement to disenfranchise children. I show that disenfranchising children is permitted by both the proper political liberal and (...)
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  46.  18
    Beyond Cognition: Psychological and Social Transformations in People Living with Dementia and Relevance for Decision-Making Capacity and Opportunity.John Noel Viaña, Fran McInerney & Henry Brodaty - 2020 - American Journal of Bioethics 20 (8):101-104.
    Walsh (2020) underscores how dementia leads to a cognitive transformative experience, which can result in a change in preferences, values, and beliefs. This transformation supports placing greater...
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  47.  81
    The Cognitive Based Approach of Capacity Assessment in Psychiatry: A Philosophical Critique of the MacCAT-T. [REVIEW]Torsten Marcus Breden & Jochen Vollmann - 2004 - Health Care Analysis 12 (4):273-283.
    This article gives a brief introduction to the MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool-Treatment (MacCAT-T) and critically examines its theoretical presuppositions. On the basis of empirical, methodological and ethical critique it is emphasised that the cognitive bias that underlies the MacCAT-T assessment needs to be modified. On the one hand it has to be admitted that the operationalisation of competence in terms of value-free categories, e.g. rational decision abilities, guarantees objectivity to a great extent; but on the other hand it bears (...)
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  48.  54
    Evolution of religious capacity in the genus homo: Cognitive time sequence.Margaret Boone Rappaport & Christopher Corbally - 2018 - Zygon 53 (1):159-197.
    Intrigued by the possible paths that the evolution of religious capacity may have taken, the authors identify a series of six major building blocks that form a foundation for religious capacity in genus Homo. Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens idaltu are examined for early signs of religious capacity. Then, after an exploration of human plasticity and why it is so important, the analysis leads to a final building block that characterizes only Homo sapiens sapiens, beginning 200,000–400,000 years ago, when all (...)
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  49.  33
    Cognitive aging on latent constructs for visual processing capacity: a novel structural equation modeling framework with causal assumptions based on a theory of visual attention.Simon Nielsen & L. Inge Wilms - 2014 - Frontiers in Psychology 5.
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  50. Perceptual Consciousness and Cognitive Access from the Perspective of Capacity-Unlimited Working Memory.Steven Gross - forthcoming - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B.
    Theories of consciousness divide over whether perceptual consciousness is rich or sparse in specific representational content and whether it requires cognitive access. These two issues are often treated in tandem because of a shared assumption that the representational capacity of cognitive access is fairly limited. Recent research on working memory challenges this shared assumption. This paper argues that abandoning the assumption undermines post-cue-based “overflow” arguments, according to which perceptual conscious is rich and does not require cognitive access. (...)
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