Results for 'preadaptations'

34 found
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  1.  32
    Is preadaptation for language a necessary assumption?David J. Bryant - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):183-184.
    Preadaptation for language is an unnecessary assumption because intermediate stages of linguistic ability are possible and adaptive. Language could have evolved through gradual selection from structures exhibiting few features associated with modern structures. Without physical evidence pertaining to language ability in prehabilis hominids, it remains possible that selective pressures for language use preceded and necessitated modern neurolinguistic structures.
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  2.  45
    Preadaptation and the explanation of human evolution.Cameron Shelley - 1999 - Biology and Philosophy 14 (1):65-82.
    The concept of preadaptation, though useful, continues to trouble evolutionary scientists. Usually, it is treated as if it were really adaptation, prompting such diverse theorists as Gould and Vrba, and Dennett to suggest its removal from evolutionary theory altogether. In this paper, I argue that the as-if sense is ill-founded, and that the sense of preadaptation as a process may be defended as unequivocal and generally useful in evolutionary explanations, even in such problem areas as human evolution.
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  3. Preadaptation to the stimulus rearrangement produced by weightless spaceflight.De Parker - 1986 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 24 (5):329-329.
  4.  11
    Preadaptation, Predispositions.Paul Rozin - 2005 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich (eds.), The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents. New York, US: Oxford University Press USA. pp. 2--39.
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  5.  35
    Visual performance after preadaptation to colored lights.C. R. Cavonius & R. Hilz - 1970 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 83 (3p1):359.
  6. Théorie de la préadaptation.L. Cuénot - 1914 - Scientia 8 (16):60.
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  7.  25
    More than modularity and metaphor: The power of preadaptation and access.Paul Rozin - 2010 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 33 (4):290-291.
    Neural reuse demonstrates preadaptation. In accord with Rozin (1976), the process is an increase in accessibility of an originally dedicated module. Access is a dimension that can vary from sharing by two systems to availability to all systems (conscious access). An alternate manifestation is to reproduce the genetic blueprint of a program. The major challenge is how to get a preadaptation into a so that it can be selected for a new function.
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  8.  16
    Cuénot on preadaptation: a criticism.Ronald Aylmer Fisher & C. S. Stock - 1915 - The Eugenics Review 7 (1):46.
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  9. About 17 potential principles about links between the innate mind and culture: Preadaptation, predispositions, preferences, pathways, and domains.Paul Rozin - 2005 - In Peter Carruthers, Stephen Laurence & Stephen P. Stich (eds.), The Innate Mind: Structure and Contents. New York, US: Oxford University Press USA.
  10.  17
    Heat stress as a factor in the preadaptative approach to the origin of the human brain.Konrad R. Fialkowski - 1990 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 13 (2):352-353.
  11.  87
    Where guesses come from: Evolutionary epistemology and the anomaly of guided variation.Edward Stein & Peter Lipton - 1989 - Biology and Philosophy 4 (1):33-56.
    This paper considers a central objection to evolutionary epistemology. The objection is that biological and epistemic development are not analogous, since while biological variation is blind, epistemic variation is not. The generation of hypotheses, unlike the generation of genotypes, is not random. We argue that this objection is misguided and show how the central analogy of evolutionary epistemology can be preserved. The core of our reply is that much epistemic variation is indeed directed by heuristics, but these heuristics are analogous (...)
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  12.  85
    On semantic pitfalls of biological adaptation.Michael T. Ghiselin - 1966 - Philosophy of Science 33 (1/2):147-.
    "Adaptation" has several meanings which have often been confused, including relations, processes, states, and intrinsic properties. It is used in comparative and historical contexts. "Adaptation" and "environment" may designate probabilistic concepts. Recognition of these points refutes arguments for the notions that: 1) all organisms are perfectly adapted; 2) organisms cannot be ill-adapted and survive or well-adapted and die; 3) adaptation is necessarily relative to the environment; 4) change in environment is necessary for evolution; 5) preadaptation implies teleology. Such notions are (...)
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  13.  16
    Observations on Modernity.Niklas Luhmann - 1998 - Stanford University Press.
    This collection of five essays by Germany’s most prominent and influential social thinker both links Luhmann’s social theory to the question “What is modern about modernity?” and shows the origins and context of his theory. In the introductory essay, “Modernity in Contemporary Society,” Luhmann develops the thesis that the modern epistemological situation can be seen as the consequence of a radical change in social macrostructures that he calls “social differentiation,” thereby designating the juxtaposition of and interaction between a growing number (...)
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  14. Disgust: The body and soul emotion in the 21st century.P. Rozin, J. Haidt & C. R. McCauley - 2009 - In Bunmi O. Olatunji & Dean McKay (eds.), Disgust and its disorders. American Psychological Association. pp. 2008.
    The present volume is, we believe, the first-ever edited volume devoted to the emotion of disgust. In this chapter we address the following issues: 1. Why was disgust almost completely ignored until about 1990, 2. Why has there been a great increase in attention to disgust since about 1990?, 3. The outline of an integrative, body-to-soul preadaptation theory of disgust, 4. Some specific features of disgust that make it particularly susceptible to laboratory research and particularly appropriate to address some fundamental (...)
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  15.  59
    Primate social knowledge and the origins of language.Robert M. Seyfarth & Dorothy L. Cheney - 2008 - Mind and Society 7 (1):129-142.
    Primate vocal communication is very different from human language. Differences are most pronounced in call production. Differences in production have been overemphasized, however, and distracted attention from the information that primates acquire when they hear vocalizations. In perception and cognition, continuities with language are more apparent. We suggest that natural selection has favored nonhuman primates who, upon hearing vocalizations, form mental representations of other individuals, their relationships, and their motives. This social knowledge constitutes a discrete, combinatorial system that shares several (...)
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  16.  61
    Linear correlates in the speech signal: The orderly output constraint.Harvey M. Sussman, David Fruchter, Jon Hilbert & Joseph Sirosh - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (2):241-259.
    Neuroethological investigations of mammalian and avian auditory systems have documented species-specific specializations for processing complex acoustic signals that could, if viewed in abstract terms, have an intriguing and striking relevance for human speech sound categorization and representation. Each species forms biologically relevant categories based on combinatorial analysis of information-bearing parameters within the complex input signal. This target article uses known neural models from the mustached bat and barn owl to develop, by analogy, a conceptualization of human processing of consonant plus (...)
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  17. The periconscious substrates of consciousness: Affective states and the evolutionary origins of the SELF.Jaak Panksepp - 1998 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 5 (5-6):5-6.
    An adequate understanding of ‘the self’ and/or ‘primary-process consciousness’ should allow us to explain how affective experiences are created within the brain. Primitive emotional feelings appear to lie at the core of our beings, and the neural mechanisms that generate such states may constitute an essential foundation process for the evolution of higher, more rational, forms of consciousness. At present, abundant evidence indicates that affective states arise from the intrinsic neurodynamics of primitive self-centred emotional and motivational systems situated in subcortical (...)
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  18.  68
    Toward a Macroevolutionary Theory of Human Evolution: The Social Protocell.Claes Andersson & Petter Törnberg - 2019 - Biological Theory 14 (2):86-102.
    Despite remarkable empirical and methodological advances, our theoretical understanding of the evolutionary processes that made us human remains fragmented and contentious. Here, we make the radical proposition that the cultural communities within which Homo emerged may be understood as a novel exotic form of organism. The argument begins from a deep congruence between robust features of Pan community life cycles and protocell models of the origins of life. We argue that if a cultural tradition, meeting certain requirements, arises in the (...)
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  19.  45
    Toward a Macroevolutionary Theory of Human Evolution: The Social Protocell.Claes Andersson & Petter Törnberg - 2019 - Biological Theory 14 (2):86-102.
    Despite remarkable empirical and methodological advances, our theoretical understanding of the evolutionary processes that made us human remains fragmented and contentious. Here, we make the radical proposition that the cultural communities within which Homo emerged may be understood as a novel exotic form of organism. The argument begins from a deep congruence between robust features of Pan community life cycles and protocell models of the origins of life. We argue that if a cultural tradition, meeting certain requirements, arises in the (...)
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  20.  28
    (1 other version)On Agency, Emergence and Organization.Philip Clayton & Stuart Kauffman - 2006 - Biology and Philosophy 21 (4):501-521.
    Ultimately we will only understand biological agency when we have developed a theory of the organization of biological processes, and science is still a long way from attaining that goal. It may be possible nonetheless to develop a list of necessary conditions for the emergence of minimal biological agency. The authors offer a model of molecular autonomous agents which meets the five minimal physical conditions that are necessary (and, we believe, conjointly sufficient) for applying agential language in biology: autocatalytic reproduction; (...)
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  21. Was human evolution driven by Pleistocene climate change?Lucia C. Neco & Peter J. Richerson - 2014 - Ciência and Ambiente 1 (48):107-117.
    Modern humans are probably a product of social and anatomical preadaptations on the part of our Miocene australopithecine ancestors combined with the increasingly high amplitude, high frequency climate variation of the Pleistocene. The genus Homo first appeared in the early Pleistocene as ice age climates began to grip the earth. We hypothesize that this co-occurrence is causal. The human ability to adapt by cultural means is, in theory, an adaptation to highly variable environments because cultural evolution can better track (...)
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  22.  67
    (1 other version)Evolutionary pressures promoting complexity in navigation and communication.Dimitar Kazakov & Mark Bartlett - 2013 - Interaction Studies 14 (1):107-135.
    This article presents results from simulations studying the hypothesis that mechanisms for landmark-based navigation could have served as preadaptations for compositional language. It is argued that sharing directions would significantly have helped bridge the gap between general and language-specific cognitive faculties. A number of different levels of navigational and communicative abilities are considered, resulting in a range of possible evolutionary paths. The selective pressures for, resp. against, increased complexity in either faculty are then evaluated for a range of environments. (...)
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  23.  39
    Manual versus speech motor control and the evolution of language.Philip Lieberman - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):197-198.
    Inferences made from endocasts of fossil skulls cannot provide information on the function of particular neocortical areas or the subcortical pathways to prefrontal cortex that form part of the neural substrate for speech, syntax, and certain aspects of cognition. The neural bases of syntax cannot be disassociated from “communication.” Manual motor control was probably a preadaptive factor in the evolution of humansyntactic ability, but neurophysiological data on living humans show that speech motor control and syntax are more closely linked. The (...)
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  24.  34
    The epigenesis of regional specificity.Ralph-Axel Müller - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):650-675.
    Chomskyian claims of a genetically hard-wired and cognitively autonomous “universal grammar” are being promoted by generative linguistics as facts about language to the present day. The related doctrine of an evolutionary discontinuity in language emergence, however, is based on misconceptions about the notions of homology and preadaptation. The obvious lack of equivalence between symbolic communicative capacities in existing nonhuman primates and human language does not preclude common roots. Normal and disordered language development is strongly influenced by the genome, but there (...)
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  25. Concept Formation and Conceptual Metaphor.Ana-Maria Oltețeanu - 2010 - Linguistic and Philosophical Investigations 9:353-358.
    Botha notes that metaphors are pervasive both in thought and in language and in human subjective experience in general: in conceptual metaphor theory metaphors are analyzed as stable and systematic relation- ships between two conceptual domains. Mittelberg explores the semiotic work gestures perform in visualizing abstract concepts and structures, insisting on the different types of iconic modes discernable in gestural representations of the metaphorically conceptualized domain of grammar. Evans considers the cognitive preadaptations that may have paved the way for (...)
     
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  26.  40
    Patterns of evolution in human speech processing and animal communication.Michael J. Ryan, Nicole M. Kime & Gil G. Rosenthal - 1998 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21 (2):282-283.
    We consider Sussman et al. 's suggestion that auditory biases for processing low-noise relationships among pairs of acoustic variables is a preadaptation for human speech processing. Data from other animal communication systems, especially those involving sexual selection, also suggest that neural biases in the receiver system can generate strong selection on the form of communication signals.
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  27. How the brain gives rise to mathematics in ontegeny and in culture.L. R. Vandervert - 1994 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 15 (4):343-349.
    Within the framework of Neurological Positivism this article describes how brain algorithms are translated into mathematics in ontogeny and in culture. The purpose is to address seemingly contradictory research findings that suggest that while mathematical axioms are innate, they are not the direct result of processes of selection. It is proposed that self-referencing feedback processes of maximum-power evolution guide the construction of algorithmic isomorphies between preadapted brain algorithms and mathematics. It is concluded that maximum-power evolution as described in NP offers (...)
     
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  28.  17
    Neurological Positivism's Evolution of Mathematics.Larry Vandervert - 1993 - Journal of Mind and Behavior 14 (3):277-288.
    This article describes how Pribram's holonomic brain theory fits into Neurological Positivism's overall perspective of the evolution of the algorithmic organization of space and time in the brain. It is proposed that the principles of holonomic theory themselves represent a dynamical "diagram of forces" that have resulted from evolutionary processes - thus the holonomic space and time in the brain. The maximum-power evolution guided self-organizing, exteriorizing derivation of mathematics from the algorithmic patterns of the preadapted human brain is described. It (...)
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  29.  60
    Innateness, autonomy, universality? Neurobiological approaches to language.Ralph-Axel Müller - 1996 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 19 (4):611-631.
    The concepts of the innateness, universality, species-specificity, and autonomy of the human language capacity have had an extreme impact on the psycholinguistic debate for over thirty years. These concepts are evaluated from several neurobiological perspectives, with an emphasis on the emergence of language and its decay due to brain lesion and progressive brain disease.Evidence of perceptuomotor homologies and preadaptations for human language in nonhuman primates suggests a gradual emergence of language during hominid evolution. Regarding ontogeny, the innate component of (...)
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  30.  17
    A case for auditory temporal processing as an evolutionary precursor to speech processing and language function.Roslyn Holly Fitch & Paula Tallal - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):189-189.
    Wilkins & Wakefield suggest that changes in the hominid brain made it uniquely “preadaptive” for language, yet no precursor functions served as adaptive substrates to the emergence of language. We present contrary evidence that the ability to discriminate and process rapid and complex auditory information is a cross-species function subserving communication processes including, but not limited to, human speech perception. We suggest that auditory temporal processing served as an evolutionary precursor to speech processing and consequent language development in humans.
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  31.  81
    Functional similarities between bimanual coordination and topic/comment structure.Manfred Krifka - manuscript
    While language is presumably unique to humans, there are possible pre-linguistic features that developed in the course of human evolution which predate features of language, and might have even been essential for its evolution. A number of such possible preadaptations for human language have been discussed, like the permanent lowering of the larynx, the ability to control one’s breath, or the inclination of humans to imitate. In this paper I would like to point out another candidate for a preadaptation, (...)
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  32.  53
    Brains evolution and neurolinguistic preconditions.Wendy K. Wilkins & Jennie Wakefield - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (1):161-182.
    This target article presents a plausible evolutionary scenario for the emergence of the neural preconditions for language in the hominid lineage. In pleistocene primate lineages there was a paired evolutionary expansion of frontal and parietal neocortex (through certain well-documented adaptive changes associated with manipulative behaviors) resulting, in ancestral hominids, in an incipient Broca's region and in a configurationally unique junction of the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes of the brain (the POT). On our view, the development of the POT in (...)
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  33. The consequences of metaphysics: Or, can Charles Peirce's continuity theory model Stuart Kauffman's biology?John Bugbee - 2007 - Zygon 42 (1):203-222.
    Abstract.At the heart of the most radical proposals in Stuart Kauffman's Investigations is his attempt to show that we find in evolutionary biology some configuration spaces—the sets of possible developments for any given system—that (unlike those in traditional physics of Newtonian, relativistic, and quantum stripes) cannot be completely described in advance. We bring Charles Peirce's work on the philosophy of continuity to bear on the problem and discover, first, that Kauffman's arguments do not succeed; second, that Peirce's metaphysics provide new (...)
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  34. (1 other version)The Star-Galaxy Era of Big History in the Light of Universal Evolutionary Principles.Leonid Grinin - 2014 - In Leonid Grinin, David Baker, Esther Quaedackers & Andrey Korotayev (eds.), Teaching & Researching Big History: Exploring a New Scholarly Field. Volgograd: "Uchitel" Publishing House. pp. 163-187.
    Big History provides a unique opportunity to consider the development of the Universe as a single process. Within Big History studies one can distinguish some common evolutionary laws and principles. However, it is very important to recognize that there are many more such integrating principles, laws, mechanisms and patterns of evolution at all its levels than it is usually supposed. In the meantime, we can find the common traits in development, functioning, and interaction of apparently rather different processes and phenomena (...)
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