Results for 'psychophysics'

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  1.  6
    Michael Heidelberger.Herbert Feigl & Psychophysical Parallelism - 2003 - In Paolo Parrini, Merrilee H. Salmon & Wesley C. Salmon (eds.), Logical Empiricism: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 233.
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  2.  50
    Psychophysical scaling: Judgments of attributes or objects?Gregory R. Lockhead - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (3):543-558.
    Psychophysical scaling models of the form R = f, with R the response and I some intensity of an attribute, all assume that people judge the amounts of an attribute. With simple biases excepted, most also assume that judgments are independent of space, time, and features of the situation other than the one being judged. Many data support these ideas: Magnitude estimations of brightness increase with luminance. Nevertheless, I argue that the general model is wrong. The stabilized retinal image literature (...)
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  3. Psychophysical Nature.Max Velmans - 2007 - In Harald Atmanspacher & Hans Primas (eds.), [Book Chapter] (in Press). Springer. pp. 115-134..
    There are two quite distinct ways in which events that we normally think of as “physical” relate in an intimate way to events that we normally think of as “psychological”. One intimate relation occurs in exteroception at the point where events in the world become events as-perceived. The other intimate relationship occurs at the interface of conscious experience with its neural correlates in the brain. The chapter examines each of these relationships and positions them within a dual-aspect, reflexive model of (...)
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  4.  84
    Psychophysics as a science of primary experience.Jiří Wackermann - 2010 - Philosophical Psychology 23 (2):189 – 206.
    In Fechner's psychophysics, the 'mental' and the 'physical' were conceived as two phenomenal domains, connected by functional relations, not as two ontologically different realms. We follow the path from Fechner's foundational ideas and Mach's radical programme of a unitary science to later approaches to primary, psychophysically neutral experience (phenomenology, protophysics). We propose an 'integral psychophysics' as a mathematical study of law-like, invariant structures of primary experience. This approach is illustrated by a reinterpretation of psychophysical experiments in terms of (...)
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  5. Psychophysical Harmony: A New Argument for Theism.Brian Cutter & Dustin Crummett - forthcoming - Oxford Studies in Philosophy of Religion.
    This paper develops a new argument from consciousness to theism: the argument from psychophysical harmony. Roughly, psychophysical harmony consists in the fact that phenomenal states are correlated with physical states and with one another in strikingly fortunate ways. For example, phenomenal states are correlated with behavior and functioning that is justified or rationalized by those very phenomenal states, and phenomenal states are correlated with verbal reports and judgments that are made true by those very phenomenal states. We argue that psychophysical (...)
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  6.  64
    (1 other version)Psychophysical supervenience: Digging in its foundations.Giovanna Hendel - 2002 - Journal of Philosophical Research 27:115-141.
    I put forward and defend the thesis (Th) that psychophysical supervenience (PS) in its full generality can be satisfactorily supported if and only if one is willing to make one or another of some substantial assumptions (the Assumptions) about the nature of mental and physical properties. I first deal with the “if” part of the claim by presenting and considering the Assumptions. I then argue for the inadequacy of suggestions of support for PS that do not require any of the (...)
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  7.  37
    Psychophysical scaling: A conditional defense of R=f(I).Adam Reeves - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):605-606.
    Psychophysical scales can be constructed under suitable restrictions from appropriate data, but they still do not justify privileged internal sensations.
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  8. Psychophysical supervenience and nonreductive materialism.Ausonio Marras - 1993 - Synthese 95 (2):275-304.
    Jaegwon Kim and others have claimed that (strong) psychophysical supervenience entails the reducibility of mental properties to physical properties. I argue that this claim is unwarranted with respect to epistemic (explanatory) reducibility (either of a global or of a local sort), as well as with respect to ontological reducibility. I then attempt to show that a robust version of nonreductive materialism (which I call supervenient token-physicalism) can be defended against the charge that nonreductive materialism leads to epiphenomenalism in failing to (...)
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  9.  49
    THE PSYCHOPHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS OF POLTERGEIST.Аркадий Гуртовцев - 2023
    THE PSYCHOPHYSICAL FOUNDATIONS OF POLTERGEIST -/- This is the first and so far the only attempt in the world to explain Unknown Anomalous Phenomena, including poltergeist, telekinesis and UFO movement, from a scientific perspective that takes into account real, material, physical and mental processes. The basis of NYE's theory is my hypothesis about the effect of a low-frequency electromagnetic field (NEM) modulated by the biorhythms of the human brain phenomenon on the material space formed by the weakest and so far (...)
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  10.  9
    (1 other version)Psychophysical Holism in Stoicism and Epicureanism.Christopher Gill - 2006 - In The structured self in Hellenistic and Roman thought. New York: Oxford University Press.
    This chapter identifies, as a key innovative feature of Hellenistic thought about personality, the idea of the person as a psychophysical unit or whole in Stoicism and Epicureanism. It contrasts this idea with the core-centred or part-based view of the personality sometimes found in Plato and Aristotle, while highlighting certain strands in Platonic or Aristotelian thought that may have helped to shape Stoic and Epicurean thought about personality. Psychophysical holism in Stoicism and Epicureanism is illustrated by reference to their views (...)
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  11.  30
    Psychophysical law: Taming the cognitive and chaotic aspects.Lester E. Krueger - 1991 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 14 (1):193-199.
  12.  21
    Psychophysical judgments of probabilistic stimulus sequencies.William Simpson & James F. Voss - 1961 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 62 (4):416.
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  13.  14
    Psychophysics may be the game-changer for deep neural networks (DNNs) to imitate the human vision.Keerthi S. Chandran, Amrita Mukherjee Paul, Avijit Paul & Kuntal Ghosh - 2023 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 46:e388.
    Psychologically faithful deep neural networks (DNNs) could be constructed by training with psychophysics data. Moreover, conventional DNNs are mostly monocular vision based, whereas the human brain relies mainly on binocular vision. DNNs developed as smaller vision agent networks associated with fundamental and less intelligent visual activities, can be combined to simulate more intelligent visual activities done by the biological brain.
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  14. Psychophysical Methods and the Evasion of Introspection.Mazviita Chirimuuta - 2014 - Philosophy of Science 81 (5):914-926.
    While introspective methods went out of favour with the decline of Titchener’s analytic school, many important questions concern the rehabilitation of introspection in contemporary psychology. Hatfield rightly points out that introspective methods should not be confused with analytic ones, and goes on to describe their “ineliminable role” in perceptual psychology. Here I argue that certain methodological conventions within psychophysics reflect a continued uncertainty over appropriate use of subjects’ perceptual observations and the reliability of their introspective judgements. My first claim (...)
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  15.  37
    Psychophysical Supervenience, Dependency, and Reduction.Cynthia Macdonald - 1995 - In Elias E. Savellos & Ümit D. Yalçin (eds.), Supervenience: New Essays. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 140--57.
  16.  31
    Psychophysical scaling methods reveal and measure context effects.Gregory R. Lockhead - 1995 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18 (3):607-612.
    People cannot make independent judgements of stimulus attributes and so (Lockhead 1992, p. 551) rather than in terms of stimulus features. The new commentaries here further this statement and also support the observations in the target article that psychophysical scaling methods allow us to measure (1) how context determines judgments and (2) what people remember about prior stimuli.
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  17. Psychophysical identity and free energy.Alex Kiefer - 2020 - Journal of the Royal Society Interface 17.
    An approach to implementing variational Bayesian inference in biological systems is considered, under which the thermodynamic free energy of a system directly encodes its variational free energy. In the case of the brain, this assumption places constraints on the neuronal encoding of generative and recognition densities, in particular requiring a stochastic population code. The resulting relationship between thermodynamic and variational free energies is prefigured in mind–brain identity theses in philosophy and in the Gestalt hypothesis of psychophysical isomorphism.
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  18.  31
    Psychophysical scaling: Context and illusion.Stanley Coren - 1992 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 15 (3):563-564.
  19.  15
    Intentionality vs. Psychophysical Identity.Denis Seron - 2019 - In Friedrich Stadler (ed.), Ernst Mach – Life, Work, Influence. Springer Verlag.
    Brentano’s empiricism displays striking similarities with Mach’s phenomenalism. Both authors hold physical reality to be a “fiction” and reject the traditional view of truth and existence. In this paper, the author seeks to clarify some aspects of the Mach-Brentano debate, with a special focus on the theory of intentionality. First, he links this debate to an earlier one, namely to the debate about the mind-body relation. Secondly, he discusses some of Brentano’s objections and construes his intentionalism as an alternative to (...)
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  20.  34
    Psychophysically principled models of visual simple reaction time.Philip L. Smith - 1995 - Psychological Review 102 (3):567-593.
  21.  30
    Psychophysics Beyond Sensation: Laws and Invariants of Human Cognition.Christian Kaernbach, Erich Schröger & Hermann Müller (eds.) - 2004 - Psychology Press.
    This volume presents a series of studies that expand laws, invariants, and principles of psychophysics beyond its classical domain of sensation.
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  22.  94
    Quantifying the subjective: Psychophysics and the geometry of color.Alistair M. C. Isaac - 2013 - Philosophical Psychology 26 (2):207 - 233.
    Early psychophysical methods as codified by Fechner motivate the development of quantitative theories of subjective experience. The basic insight is that just noticeable differences between experiences can serve as units for measuring a sensory domain. However, the methods described by Fechner tacitly assume that the experiences being investigated can be linearly ordered. This assumption is not true for all sensory domains; for example, there is no trivial linear order over all possible color sensations. This paper discusses key developments in the (...)
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  23.  13
    Psychophysical and computational studies towards a theory of human stereopsis.John E. W. Mayhew & John P. Frisby - 1981 - Artificial Intelligence 17 (1-3):349-385.
  24.  60
    Toward a psychophysics of perceptual organization using multistable stimuli and phenomenal reports.Lars Strother, David Van Valkenburg & Michael Kubovy - 2003 - Axiomathes 13 (3-4):283-302.
    We explore experimental methods used to study the phenomena of perceptual organization, first studied by the Gestalt psychologists. We describe an application of traditional psychophysics to perceptual organization and offer alternative methods. Among these, we distinguish two approaches that use multistable stimuli: (1) phenomenological psychophysics, in which the observer's response is assumed to accurately and directly reflect perceptual experience; and (2) the interference paradigm, in which an observer's response is evaluated as correct or incorrect because it pertains to (...)
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  25.  8
    Cartesian Psychophysics and the Whole Nature of Man: On Descartes’s Passions of the Soul.Richard F. Hassing - 2015 - Lanham: Lexington Books.
    This book describes Descartes's The Passions of the Soul as a foundational work of the Enlightenment, a precursor of later notions of the historicity of the human, and the first psychology of modern type: to understand and heal ourselves, we look not outward at the world in immediate relation to it, but inward, at the self, its brain, and its past history. Special attention is given to Descartes’s account of imagination and its problematic impact on passion and volition.
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  26. (1 other version)Psychophysical parallelism and positive metaphysics.Henri Bergson - 2005 - In Continental Philosophy of Science (Blackwell Readings in Continental Philosophy). Malden MA: Blackwell.
  27. Consciousness, psychophysical harmony, and anthropic reasoning.Mario Gomez-Torrente - manuscript
    The thesis, typical among dualists, that there are no necessitation relations between events of consciousness and physical events implies that it is prima facie lucky that in our world the apparently existing psychophysical laws usually match events of consciousness and physical events in a “harmonious” way. The lucky psychophysical laws argument concludes that typical dualism amounts to a psychophysical parallelism that is prima facie too improbable to be true. I argue that an anthropic reasoning in the space of possible worlds (...)
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  28.  43
    Psychophysical “blinding” methods reveal a functional hierarchy of unconscious visual processing.Bruno G. Breitmeyer - 2015 - Consciousness and Cognition 35:234-250.
  29.  34
    (1 other version)Physicalism, Introspection, and Psychophysics: The Carnap/Duncker Exchange.Uljana Feest - 2017 - In Marcus P. Adams, Zvi Biener, Uljana Feest & Jacqueline Anne Sullivan (eds.), Eppur Si Muove: Doing History and Philosophy of Science with Peter Machamer: A Collection of Essays in Honor of Peter Machamer. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 113-125.
    In 1932, Rudolf Carnap published his article “Psychology in a Physical Language.” The article prompted a critical response by the Gestalt psychologist Karl Duncker. The exchange is marked by mutual lack of comprehension. In this paper I will provide a contextualized explication of the exchange. I will show that Carnap’s physicalism was deeply rooted in the psychophysical tradition that also informed Gestalt psychological research. By failing to acknowledge this, Carnap missed out on the possibility to enter into a serious debate (...)
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  30. The psychophysics of order and anisotropy: Comment on Riemer.Sean Enda Power - 2015 - Consciousness and Cognition 38:198-204.
    Riemer’s recent paper on the perception of time discusses a neglected yet important topic in the psychological literature: the consequences for psychology (and psychophysics) from the ‘anisotropy’ of time. The paper presents an argument that there are unique kinds of challenges for psychophysics from such temporal anisotropy: (a) Challenges because the psychological experience of time has temporal anisotropy and the physical concept of time does not have temporal anisotropy. (b) Challenges for experimental research which are unique to temporal (...)
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  31.  42
    Integration psychophysics.Norman H. Anderson - 1989 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12 (2):268-269.
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  32.  25
    Psychophysical similarities between rats and humans.Hannes Eisler - 1980 - Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society 16 (2):125-127.
  33. (1 other version)The psychophysical nexus.Thomas Nagel - 2000 - In Paul Artin Boghossian & Christopher Peacocke (eds.), New Essays on the A Priori. Oxford, GB: Oxford University Press. pp. 433--471.
    I. The Mind-Body Problem after Kripke This essay will explore an approach to the mind-body problem that is distinct both from dualism and from the sort of conceptual reduction of the mental to the physical that proceeds via causal behaviorist or functionalist analysis of mental concepts. The essential element of the approach is that it takes the subjective phenomenological features of conscious experience to be perfectly real and not reducible to anything else--but nevertheless holds that their systematic relations to neurophysiology (...)
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  34.  51
    Psychophysical causation and a pragmatist approach to human behavior.David H. Brendel - 2007 - Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology 14 (3):pp. 205-207.
    In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:Psychophysical Causation and a Pragmatist Approach to Human BehaviorDavid H. Brendel (bio)Keywordsmind-body problem, philosophy, pragmatism, psychology, psychophysical causationJochen Fahrenberg and Marcus Cheetham have performed a valuable service by conducting and presenting an empirical study of some basic philosophical assumptions of psychologists, philosophers, and scientists. Well-designed, large-scale empirical studies of this kind are all too rare in the literature. Those of us interested in the human sciences are rather in (...)
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  35.  25
    A psychophysical study of hunger in the rat.Robert C. Bolles - 1962 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 63 (4):387.
  36.  19
    Psychophysical analysis of the odor intensity of homologous alcohols.Trygg Engen - 1965 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 70 (6):611.
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  37.  63
    Relational psychophysics: Messages from Ebbinghaus' and Wertheimer's work.Viktor Sarris - 2010 - Philosophical Psychology 23 (2):207 – 216.
    In past and modern psychophysics there are several unresolved methodological and philosophical problems of human and animal perception, including the outstanding question of the relational basis of whole psychophysics. Here the main issue is discussed: if, and to what extent, there are viable bridges between the traditional “gestalt” oriented approaches and the modern perceptual-cognitive perspectives in psychophysics. Thereby the key concept of psychological “frame of reference” is presented by pointing to Hermann Ebbinghaus' geometric-optical illusions, on the one (...)
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  38. The Psychophysics of Movement.J. Mck Cattell - 1892 - Mind 1:446.
     
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  39.  17
    Mental psychophysics of categorization and decision.William K. Estes - 1992 - In Hans-Georg Geissler, Stephen W. Link & James T. Townsend (eds.), Cognition, Information Processing, and Psychophysics: Basic Issues. Lawrence Erlbaum. pp. 123--139.
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  40. Psychophysical investigations into the neural basis of synaesthesia.Vilayanur S. Ramachandran & Edward M. Hubbard - 2001 - Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B 268:979-983.
    We studied two otherwise normal, synaesthetic subjects who `saw' a speci¢c colour every time they saw a speci¢c number or letter. We conducted four experiments in order to show that this was a genuine perceptual experience rather than merely a memory association. (i)The synaesthetically induced colours could lead to perceptual grouping, even though the inducing numerals or letters did not. (ii)Synaesthetically induced colours were not experienced if the graphemes were presented peripherally. (iii)Roman numerals were ine¡ective: the actual number grapheme was (...)
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  41.  17
    A psychophysical and electrophysiological study of light adaptation.Robert M. Boynton & M. Howard Triedman - 1953 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 46 (2):125.
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  42.  77
    Psychophysical and cognitive aspects of categorical perception:A critical overview.Stevan Harnad - unknown
    There are many entry points into the problem of categorization. Two particularly important ones are the so-called top-down and bottom-up approaches. Top-down approaches such as artificial intelligence begin with the symbolic names and descriptions for some categories already given; computer programs are written to manipulate the symbols. Cognitive modeling involves the further assumption that such symbol-interactions resemble the way our brains do categorization. An explicit expectation of the top-down approach is that it will eventually join with the bottom-up approach, which (...)
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  43.  13
    Psychophysics of active kinesthesis.Heather Wood - 1969 - Journal of Experimental Psychology 79 (3p1):480.
  44.  38
    Psychophysical law: Keep it simple.Lester E. Krueger - 1989 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12 (2):299-320.
  45.  9
    Psychophysical Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic and Same-Sex Couples’ Conflict: The Mediating Effect of Internalized Sexual Stigma.Jessica Pistella, Stefano Isolani, Salvatore Ioverno, Fiorenzo Laghi & Roberto Baiocco - 2022 - Frontiers in Psychology 13.
    Research on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on same-sex relationships is limited. The present study aimed at analyzing the association between the psychophysical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and same-sex couples’ conflict, also considering the potential mediating effect of internalized sexual stigma. For this purpose, psychophysical challenges and couples’ conflict during the COVID-19 pandemic, ISS, age, biological sex, sexual orientation, relationship duration, religiosity, involvement in lesbian, gay, and bisexual associations, sexual satisfaction, and interpersonal partner violence were assessed in an (...)
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  46.  63
    Metacognitive Psychophysics in Humans, Animals, and AI: A Research Agenda for Mapping Introspective Systems.Stephen M. Fleming - 2023 - Journal of Consciousness Studies 30 (9):113-128.
    Kammerer and Frankish (this issue) propose an exciting new research programme on the computational form of introspective systems. Pursuing this goal requires measures that can isolate introspective capacity from response biases and first-order processes. I suggest that metacognitive psychophysics is well placed to meet this challenge, allowing the mapping of introspective architectures in humans, animals, and artificial systems.
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  47.  44
    Psychophysics and metaphysics.David J. Weiss - 1989 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 12 (2):298-299.
  48.  48
    Psychophysics and ecometrics.William H. Warren & Robert E. Shaw - 1981 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 4 (2):209-210.
  49.  20
    Failure of psychophysical supervenience in Everett's theory.Shan Gao - unknown
    Everett's theory assumes the completeness of the description by the wave function, the linearity of the dynamics for the wave function, and multiplicity. In this paper, I argue that these three assumptions of Everett's theory may lead to the violation of psychophysical supervenience.
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  50. Psychophysical Reductionism without Type Identities.Justin Tiehen - 2012 - American Philosophical Quarterly 49 (3):223-236.
    Nonreductive physicalists have a causal exclusion problem. Given certain theses all physicalists accept, including psychophysical supervenience and the causal closure of the physical realm, it is difficult to see how irreducible mental phenomena could make a causal difference to the world. The upshot, according to those who push the problem, is that we must embrace reductive physicalism. Only then is mental causation saved. -/- Grant the argument, at least provisionally. Here our focus is the conditional question: What form should one's (...)
     
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