For general accounts of the Republic, see the Bibliography to the entry, Plato’s Ethics and Politics in the Republic. The following are works cited in or having particular relevance to the present entry:

The immoralist challenge

• Foot, P., 2003, Natural Goodness, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Gauthier, D., 1986, Morals by Agreement, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Prichard, H., 1912, “Does Moral Philosophy Rest on a Mistake?” Mind (n.s.), 21 (81): 21–37. (Scholar)
• Tell, H., 2011, Plato’s Counterfeit Sophists, Washington D.C.: Center for Hellenic Studies. (Scholar)
• Williams, B., 1972, Morality, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (cited in 1993 edition). (Scholar)
• –––, 1985, Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy, Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1997, “Plato Against the Immoralist”, in Platon: Politeia, O. Höffe (ed.), Berlin: Akademie Verlag; reprinted in his The Sense of the Past: Essays on the History of Philosophy, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2006. (Scholar)

The Greek moral tradition, the Sophists and their social context (including Antiphon)

• Adkins, A.W.H., 1960, Merit and Responsibility: A Study in Greek Values, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Balot, R. K., 2001, Greed and Injustice in Classical Athens, Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
• Barney, R., 2009, “The Sophistic Movement”, in Gill and Pellegrin 2009, 77–97. (Scholar)
• Bett, R., 2002, “Is There a Sophistic Ethics?” Ancient Philosophy, 22: 235–262. (Scholar)
• de Romilly, J., 1992, The Great Sophists in Periclean Athens, J. Lloyd (trans.), Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Dillon, J. and T. Gergel (ed. and trans.), 2003, The Greek Sophists, London: Penguin Books. (Scholar)
• Dover, K., 1974, Greek Popular Morality in the Time of Plato and Aristotle, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. (Scholar)
• Finkelberg, M., 1998, “Timê and Aretê in Homer”, Classical Quarterly, 48: 15–28. (Scholar)
• Furley, D.J., 1981, “Antiphon’s Case Against Justice”, in Kerferd 1981b. (Scholar)
• Gagarin, M., 2001, “The Truth of Antiphon’s Truth”, in Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy VI, A. Preus (ed.), Albany: State Univ. of N.Y. Press. (Scholar)
• Gagarin, M., 2002, Antiphon the Athenian: Oratory, Law, and Justice in the Age of the Sophists, Austin: University of Texas Press. (Scholar)
• Gagarin, M. and P. Woodruff (ed. and trans.), 1995, Early Greek Political Thought from Homer to the Sophists, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Gill, M.L. and P. Pellegrin (ed.), 2009, A Companion to Ancient Philosophy, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. (Scholar)
• Guthrie, W.K.C., 1971, The Sophists (= A History of Greek Philosophy, Volume 3, Part 1, 1969), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Kahn, C., 1981, “The Origins of Social Contract Theory in the Fifth Century B.C.”, in Kerferd 1981b, 92–108. (Scholar)
• Kerferd, G.B., 1981a, The Sophistic Movement, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• ––– (ed.), 1981b, The Sophists and their Legacy, Wiesbaden: Steiner. (Scholar)
• Morrison, J.S., 1963, “The Truth of Antiphon”, Phronesis, 8: 35–49. (Scholar)
• Pendrick, G. (ed. and trans.), 2002, Antiphon the Sophist: The Fragments, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Riesbeck, D., 2011, “Nature, Normativity, and Nomos in Antiphon, Fr. 44”, Phoenix, 65 (3/4): 268–287. (Scholar)

Thrasymachus and the Republic (including Glaucon)

• Anderson, M., 2016, “Socrates’ Thrasymachus’ Sophistic Account of Justice in Republic i”, Ancient Philosophy, 36: 151–172. (Scholar)
• Barney, R., 2006, “Socrates’ Refutation of Thrasymachus”, in Santas 2006, 44–62. (Scholar)
• Boter, G., 1986, “ Thrasymachus and Pleonexia”, Mnemosyne (Series 4), 39: 261–281. (Scholar)
• Chappell, T.D.J., 1993, “The Virtues of Thrasymachus”, Phronesis, 38: 1–17. (Scholar)
• –––, 2000, “Thrasymachus and Definition”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 18: 101–107. (Scholar)
• Cooper, J.M. (ed.), 1997, Plato: Complete Works, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. (Scholar)
• Everson, S., 1998, “The Incoherence of Thrasymachus”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 16: 99–131. (Scholar)
• Gifford, M., “Dramatic Dialectic in Republic Book I”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 20: 35–106. (Scholar)
• Grube, G. and C.D.C. Reeve, tr., Plato, Republic, in Cooper 1997.
• Henderson, T., 1974, “In Defense of Thrasymachus”, American Philosophical Quarterly, 3: 218–228. (Scholar)
• Hourani, G., 1962, “ Thrasymachus’ Definition of Justice in Plato’s Republic”, Phronesis, 7 (1): 110–120. (Scholar)
• Kerferd, G., 1947, “The Doctrine of Thrasymachus in Plato’s Republic”, Durham University Journal (New Series), 9: 19–27. (Scholar)
• Nicholson, P., 1974, “Socrates’ Unravelling Thrasymachus’ Arguments in The Republic ”, Phronesis, 19(3): 210–232. (Scholar)
• O’Neill, B., 1988, “The Struggle for the Soul of Thrasymachus”, Ancient Philosophy, 8: 167–85. (Scholar)
• Penner, T., 2009, “Thrasymachus and the ὡς ἀληθῶς Ruler”, Skepsis 20: 199–215. (Scholar)
• Reeve, C.D.C., 1985, “Socrates Meets Thrasymachus”, Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 67 (3): 246–265. (Scholar)
• –––, 2008, “Glaucon’s Challenge and Thrasymacheanism”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 34: 69–104. (Scholar)
• Santas, G. (ed.), 2006, The Blackwell Guide to Plato’s Republic, Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. (Scholar)
• Shields, C., 2006, “Plato’s Challenge : The Case Against Justice in Republic II”, in Santas 2006. (Scholar)
• Scott, D., 2000, “Aristotle and Thrasymachus”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 19: 225–252. (Scholar)
• Sparshott, F., 1966, “Socrates and Thrasymachus”, Monist, 50 (3): 421–459. (Scholar)
• –––, 1988, “An Argument for Thrasymachus”, Apeiron, 21 (1): 55–67. (Scholar)
• Weiss, R., 2007, “Wise Guys and Smart Alecks in Republic 1 and 2”, in The Cambridge Companion to Plato’s Republic, G.R.F. Ferrari (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• White, S. A., 1995, “Thrasymachus the Diplomat”, Classical Philology, 90: 307–27. (Scholar)

Callicles and the Gorgias

• Berman, S., 1991,“Socrates and Callicles on Pleasure”, Phronesis, 36 (2): 117–140. (Scholar)
• Cooper, J.M., 1999, “Socrates and Plato in Plato’s Gorgias”, in his Reason and Emotion, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 29–75. (Scholar)
• Dodds, E. R.,1959, Plato: Gorgias, Oxford: Oxford University Press (text, intro., commentary). (Scholar)
• Doyle, J., 2006, “The Fundamental Conflict in Plato’s Gorgias”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 30: 87–100. (Scholar)
• Hobbs, A., 2000, Plato and the Hero: Courage, Manliness and the Impersonal Good, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Irwin, T., 1979, Plato: Gorgias, Oxford: Clarendon Press (trans. and commentary). (Scholar)
• Kahn, C., 1983, “Drama and Dialectic in Plato’s Gorgias”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 1: 75–121. (Scholar)
• Kamtekar, R., 2005, “The Profession of Friendship: Callicles, Democratic Politics, and Rhetorical Education in Plato’s Gorgias”, Ancient Philosophy, 25: 319–39. (Scholar)
• Klosko, G., 1984, “The Refutation of Callicles in Plato’s Gorgias”, Greece and Rome, 31 (2): 126–139. (Scholar)
• Nietzsche, F., 1968, The Will to Power, trans. W. Kaufman, New York: Random House (original work published 1901). (Scholar)
• Rudebusch, G., 1992, “Callicles’ Hedonism”, Ancient Philosophy, 12 (1): 53–71. (Scholar)
• Woolf, R., 2000, “Callicles and Socrates: Psychic (Dis)harmony in the Gorgias”, Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy, 18: 1–40. (Scholar)
• Zeyl, D. J., tr. Plato, Gorgias, in Cooper 1997.