Primary Works

• Descartes, René. Oeuvres De Descartes, 11 vols., edited by Charles Adam and Paul Tannery, Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin, 1983. [cited as AT followed by volume and page number]
• –––, The Philosophical Writings Of Descartes, 3 vols., translated by John Cottingham, Robert Stoothoff, and Dugald Murdoch, volume 3 including Anthony Kenny, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. [cited as CSM(K) followed by volume and page number]
• –––, The Passions of the Soul, translated by Stephen H. Voss, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company, 1989.
• –––, The Correspondence between Elisabeth, Princess of Bohemia and Descartes, translated by Lisa Shapiro, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007.

Secondary Works

• Alanen, Lilli, 2009. “Aristotle and Descartes on the Supreme Good,” Friendship in Feminist Conversation: Festschrift for Ulla Holm, Mia Liinason (ed.), Göteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, 67–185. (Scholar)
• Beavers, Anthony F., 1989. “Desire and Love in Descartes’s Late Philosophy,” History of Philosophy Quarterly, 6: 279–294. (Scholar)
• Brassfield, Shoshana, 2012. “Never Let the Passions Be Your Guide: Descartes and the Role of the Passions,” British Journal of the History of Philosophy, 20: 459–477. (Scholar)
• Brown, Deborah, 2006. Descartes and the Passionate Mind, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Carraud, Vincent, 1997. “Morale par provision et probabilité,” in Descartes et le Moyen Âge, Joël Biard and Roshdi Rashed (eds.), Paris: Vrin, 259–79. (Scholar)
• Cimakasky, Joseph and Polansky, Ronald, 2012. “Descartes’ ‘Provisional Morality’,” Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 93: 353–72. (Scholar)
• Cottingham, John, 1998. Philosophy and the Good Life: Reason and the Passions in Greek, Cartesian and Psychoanalytic Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Frierson, Patrick R., 2002. “Learning to Love: From Egoism to Generosity in Descartes,” Journal of the History of Philosophy, 40: 313–348. (Scholar)
• Gaukroger, Stephen, 1995. Descartes: An Intellectual Biography, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2002. Descartes’ System of Natural Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Greenberg, Sean, 2007. “Descartes on the Passions: Function, Representation, and Motivation,” Noûs, 41: 714–734. (Scholar)
• Gueroult, Martial, 1985. Descartes’s Philosophy Interpreted According to the Order of Reasons, trans. Roger Ariew, 2 vols. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. (Scholar)
• Hoffman, Paul, 1991. “Three Dualist Theories of the Passions”, Philosophical Topics, 19: 153–191. (Scholar)
• James, Susan, 1994. “Internal and External in the Work of Descartes,” in Philosophy in an Age of Pluralism, James Tully (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1997. Passion and Action: The Emotions in Seventeenth-Century Philosophy, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Kambouchner, Denis, 1995a. L’Homme des Passions. Commentaires sur Descartes, I. Analytique, Paris: Albin Michel.
• –––, 1995b. L’Homme des Passions. Commentaires sur Descartes, II. Canonique, Paris: Albin Michel.
• –––, 2009. Descartes, la philosophie morale, Paris: Hermann. (Scholar)
• Kisner, Matthew J., 2018. “Descartes on the Ethical Reliability of the Passions: A Morean Reading,” Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy, 8: 39–67. (Scholar)
• Marshall, John, 1998. Descartes’s Moral Theory, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2003. “Descartes’s Morale par Provision,” in Passion and Virtue in Descartes, Byron Williston and André Gombay (eds.), Amherst, NY: Humanity Books, 191–238. (Scholar)
• Morgan, Vance G., 1994. Foundation of Cartesian Ethics, Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press. (Scholar)
• Naaman-Zauderer, Noa, 2010. Descartes’ Deontological Turn: Reason, Will, and Virtue in the Later Writings, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Normore, Calvin G., 2019. “Descartes’ Generosité,” in Mind, Body, and Morality: New Perspectives on Descartes and Spinoza, M. Reuter and F. Svensson (eds.), London: Routledge, 191–207. (Scholar)
• Parvizian, Saja, 2016. “Generosity, the Cogito, and the Fourth Meditation,” Res Philosophica, 93: 219–243. (Scholar)
• Pereboom, Derk, 1994. “Stoic Psychotherapy in Descartes and Spinoza,” Faith and Philosophy, 11: 592–625. (Scholar)
• Rodis-Lewis, Genevieve, 1970. La Morale de Descartes, 3rd edition, Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. (Scholar)
• –––, 1987. “Le Denier Fruit de la Métaphysique Cartésienne: La Générosité,” Les Études philosophiques, 1: 43–54. (Scholar)
• –––, 1998. Descartes: His Life and Thought, trans. Jean Marie Todd. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press. (Scholar)
• Rutherford, Donald, 2004. “On the Happy Life: Descartes vis-à-vis Seneca,” in Stoicism: Traditions and Transformations, Steven K. Strange and Jack Zupko (eds.), New York: Cambridge University Press, 177–197. (Scholar)
• –––, 2014. “Reading Descartes as a Stoic: Appropriate Actions, Virtue, and the Passions,” Philosophie antique, 14: 129–155. (Scholar)
• Santilli, Paul C., 1992. “What did Descartes do to Virtue?,” Journal of Value Inquiry, 26: 353–635. (Scholar)
• Schmitter, Amy, 2008. “How to Engineer a Human Being: Passions and Functional Explanation in Descartes,” in A Companion to Descartes, Janet Broughton and John Carriero (eds.), Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 426–444. (Scholar)
• Shapiro, Lisa, 1999. “Cartesian Generosity,” in Norms and Modes of Thinking in Descartes, Tuomo Aho and Mikko Yrjönsuuri (eds.), Acta Philosophica Fennica, 64: 249–275. (Scholar)
• –––, 2005. “What Are the Passions Doing in the Meditations?” in Persons and Passions: Essays in Honor of Annette Baier, Joyce Jenkins, Jennifer Whiting, and Christopher Williams (eds.), Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 14–33. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007. “Editor’s Introduction,” in The Correspondence between Elisabeth, Princess of Bohemia and Descartes, Lisa Shapiro (trans.), Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2008. “Descartes’s Ethics,” in A Companion to Descartes, Janet Broughton and John Carriero (eds.), Malden: Blackwell Publishing, 445–463. (Scholar)
• –––, 2011. “Descartes on Human Nature and the Human Good,” in The Rationalists: Between Tradition and Innovation, Carlos Fraenkel, Justin E.H. Smith, and Dario Perinetti (eds.), New York: Springer, 13–26. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013. “Cartesian Selves,” in Descartes’ Meditations: A Critical Guide, Karen Detlefsen (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 226–242. (Scholar)
• Sorell, Tom, 1993. “Morals and Modernity in Descartes,” in The Rise of Modern Philosophy, Tom Sorell (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Svensson, Frans, 2010. “The Role of Virtue in Descartes’ Ethical Theory, or: Was Descartes a Virtue Ethicist?” History of Philosophy Quarterly, 27: 215–236. (Scholar)
• –––, 2011. “Happiness, Wellbeing and Their Relation to Virtue in Descartes’ Ethics,” Theoria, 77: 238–60. (Scholar)
• –––, 2015. “Non-Eudaimonism, the Sufficiency of Virtue for Happiness, and Two Senses of the Highest Good in Descartes’s Ethics,” British Journal for the History of Philosophy, 23: 277–296 (Scholar)
• –––, 2019a. “A Cartesian Distinction in Virtue: Moral and Perfect,” in Mind, Body, and Morality: New Perspectives on Descartes and Spinoza, Martina Reuter and Frans Svensson (eds.), London: Routledge, 208–225. (Scholar)
• –––, 2019b. “Descartes on the Highest Good: Concepts and Conceptions,” American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly, 93: 701–721. (Scholar)
• –––, 2020. “Descartes as an Ethical Perfectionist,” Journal of Modern Philosophy, 2(1), first online 26 February 2020. doi:10.32881/jomp.66 (Scholar)
• Verbeek, Theo, 1992. Descartes and the Dutch: Early Reactions to Cartesian Philosophy, 1637–1650, Carbondale/Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press. (Scholar)
• Viljanen, Valtteri, 2021. “Why Virtue Is Not Quite Enough: Descartes on Attaining Happiness,” Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 103: 54–69. (Scholar)
• Wienand, Isabelle, 2012. “Assessment and Virtue in Cartesian Moral Philosophy,” Tijdschrift voor Fhilosofie, 74: 461–483. (Scholar)
• Williston, Byron and Gombay, André (eds.), 2003. Passion and Virtue in Descartes, Amherst, NY: Humanity Books. (Scholar)
• Youpa, Andrew, 2013. “Descartes’ Virtue Theory,” Essays in Philosophy, 14: 179–193. (Scholar)