Linked bibliography for the SEP article "René Descartes" by Gary Hatfield

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Note on references and abbreviations: References to Descartes’ works as found herein use the pagination of the Adam and Tannery volumes (AT), Oeuvres de Descartes, 11 vols. The citations give volume and page numbers only (dropping the abbreviation “AT”). Where possible, the Cottingham, Stoothoff, Murdoch, and Kenny translation, The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, 3 vols., has been used; it shows the AT pagination in the margins. The AT volume numbers provide a guide to which work is being cited in translation: vols. 1–5, 10, correspondence; vol. 6, Discourse and essays (including the Dioptrics and Meteorology); vol. 7, Meditations; vol. 10, Rules; vol. 11:1–118, World, or Treatise on Light; vol. 11:119–222, Treatise on Man; vol. 11:301–488, Passions. Where there is no accessible translation for a citation from AT, the citation is shown in italics. Works that are broken into parts and/or articles are cited by abbreviated title, part, and article: Diop. for Dioptrics, Disc. for Discourse on the Method, Med. for the Meditations, Met. for the Meteorology, Pass. for the Passions, and Princ. for the Principles. When context doesn’t show that Descartes’ letters are being referred to, Correspondence, abbreviated as Corr., is added.

Primary Literature: Works by Descartes

Original editions and early translations

See Otegem 2002 for a full bibliography.

1637, Discours de la methode pour bien conduire sa raison, & chercher la verité dans les sciences. Plus La dioptrique, Les meteores, et La geometrie. Qui sont des essais de cete Methode, Leiden: Jan Maire. Digitized photographic reproduction (DPR) online (pdf).
1641, Meditationes de prima philosophia, in qua Dei existentia et animae immortalitas demonstrantur, Paris: Michel Soly. DPR online (pdf).
1642, Meditationes de prima philosophia, in quibus Dei existentia & animae humanae à corpore distinctio demonstrantur: his adjunctae sunt variae objectiones doctorum virorum in istas de Deo & anima demonstrationes, cum responsionibus authoris, Amsterdam: Elzevir, 2nd edn. The main title was changed from the first edition, which had promised to demonstrate “the immortality of the soul”; this edition promises to demonstrate “the distinction of the human soul from the body.” The seventh set of Objections and Replies, by Pierre Bourdin, first appeared in the second edition, along with Descartes’ letter to Father Dinet, Bourdin’s superior in the Jesuit order.
1643, Epistola ad celeberrimum virum D. Gisbertum Voetium, Amsterdam: Elzivir. DPR online (pdf). Published in Dutch the same year. A related polemical work appeared posthumously (1656; see Verbeek 1988). (Scholar)
1644, Principia philosophiae, Amsterdam: Elzevir. DPR online (pdf and tiff).
1644, Specimina philosophiae, seu Dissertatio de methodo recte regendae rationis & veritatis in scientiis investigandae: Dioptrice et Meteora, trans. Etienne de Courcelles, Amsterdam: Elzevir. DPR online (pdf).
1647, Les meditations metaphysiques, touchant la premiere philosophie, dans lesquelles l’existence de Dieu, & la distinction réele entre l’ame & le corps de l’homme, sont demonstrées: et les Objections faites contre ces Meditations par diverses personnes tres-doctes, avec les réponses de l’Auteur, trans. Louis-Charles d’Albert, duc de Luynes (Meds.) and Claude Clerselier (Objections and Replies). Paris: Jean Camusat and Pierre Le Petit. DPR online (pdf). The Seventh Objections and Replies appeared first in the 2nd French edn. (1661). (Scholar)
1647, Les principes de la philosophie, trans. Claude Picot, Paris: Henry Le Gras. DPR online (pdf). Descartes added an “Author’s letter” to the translation, as a preface. (Scholar)
1649, A discourse of a method for the well guiding of reason, and the discovery of truth in the sciences, London: Thomas Newcombe. Available through Early Modern Books (EMB), accessible through many College and University libraries.
1649, Geometria, trans. Frans van Schooten, Leiden: Jan Maire. DPR online (pdf).
1649, Les passions de l’ame, Paris: Henry Le Gras. DPR online (pdf).
1650, Compendium musicae, Utrecht: Gijsbert van Zijll and Dirck van Ackersdijck. DPR online (pdf).
1650, Meditationes de prima philosophia, in quibus Dei existentia, & animæ humanæ à corpore distinctio, demonstrantur: his adjunctæ sunt variæ objectiones doctorum virorum in istas de Deo & anima demonstrationes; cum responsionibus authoris, Amsterdam: Elzevir, 3rd edn. DPR online (pdf).
1650, Passiones animae, Henry Desmarets (trans.), Amsterdam: Elzevir. DPR online (pdf).
1650, The passions of the soule, London: John Martin and John Ridley. Available through EMB.
1653, Compendium of musick: With necessary and judicious animadversions thereupon, William Brouncker (trans.), London: Thomas Harper. DPR online (pdf).
1656, Querela apologetica, Groningen: Misopodem. A response to Voetius, written in 1648 in French and translated into Dutch and Latin (Otegem 2:472–75). (Scholar)
1657–67, Lettres, où sont traittées les plus belles questions de la morale, physique, medecine, et des mathematiques, 3 vols., Claude Clerseliers (ed.), Paris: Charles Angot. DPRs online, Vol. 1, Vol. 2, Vol. 3 (pdf).
1662, De homine figuris, trans. Florent Schuyl, Leiden: Leffen and Moyardum. DPR online (pdf). A Latin translation of the original French, which was published as L’Homme in 1664. (Scholar)
1664, Le monde, ou, Le traite de la lumiere, et des autres principaux objects des sens, Paris: Girard. DPR online (pdf).
1664, L’homme, et un Traitté de la formation du foetus, Claude Clerselier (ed.), Paris: Charles Angot. DPR online (pdf). This is the first edition of Descartes’ original French. It includes Remarks by Louis de la Forge and a translation of Florentius Schuyl’s Preface to the Latin translation. (Scholar)
1668, Abbregé de la musique, Nicolas Poisson (trans.), Paris: Charles Angot. DPR online (pdf).
1677, L’ Homme, et La formation du foetus, avec Les remarques de Louis de La Forge; à quoy l’on a ajouté Le monde ou Traité de la lumière, Claude Clerselier (ed.), Paris: Theodore Girard, 2nd edition. L’Homme and Le Monde are brought together in this second edition. Clerselier had the firgures for Le Monde redrawn, and used a putatively more accurate manuscript for that work. DPR online (pdf). (Scholar)
1680, Six metaphysical meditations wherein it is proved that there is a God and that mans mind is really distinct from his body: hereunto are added the objections made against these meditations by Thomas Hobbes, with the authors answers, William Molyneux (trans.), London: Benjamin Tooke. This translation of the six Meditations is reprinted in Gaukroger (2006). The entire book (including the Third Objections and Replies) is available through EMB. (Scholar)
1701, Opuscula posthuma, physica et mathematica, Amsterdam: Blaeu. DPR online (pdf). The first publication of the Rules in Latin (a Dutch translation had appeared in 1684), together with other writings.

Modern editions of Descartes’ works: French and Latin

1936–1963, Correspondance, Charles Adam and Gaston Milhaud (eds.), 8 vols., Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. A complete edition of the known correspondence at date, with French translations accompanying letters in Latin.
1996, Oeuvres de Descartes,Charles Adam and Paul Tannery (eds.), 11 vols., Paris: Vrin/CNRS, new edition. Remains the standard edition, presenting works in the original French or Latin along with early translations of major works from Latin into French (Meditations, Principles) or from French into Latin (Discourse, Dioptrics, Meteorology), and also presenting manuscript material and posthumously published works. Cited by volume and page number.
2010, Oeuvres philosophiques, Fernand Alquié, Denis Moreau (eds.), 3 vols., Paris: Garnier, new edition. Contains major works in French, including correspondence (Latin letters are translated into French), with extensive notes.
2009–, Oeuvres complètes, Jean-Marie Beyssade and Denis Kambouchner (eds.), 8 vols. Paris: Gallimard. A new edition in French, including correspondence, with Latin facing page for the Rules, Meditations, and Principles. Extensive notes and bibliography, with an overview of both French and English scholarship and some notice of material in German and Italian. (4 volumes have appeared to date.)

Recent English translations (selected)

1965, Discourse on Method, Optics, Geometry, and Meteorology, Paul J. Olscamp (trans.), Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
1972, Treatise of Man, Thomas S. Hall (trans.), Cambridge: Harvard University Press. With an introduction and many explanatory notes.
1979, Le Monde, ou Traité de la lumiere = The World, or Treatise on Light, Michael S. Mahoney (trans.), New York: Abaris Books. Facing page translation, with an introduction and explanatory notes.
1983, Principles of Philosophy, V. R. Miller and R. P. Miller (trans.), Dordrecht: Reidel.
1984–91, Philosophical Writings of Descartes, 3 vols., John Cottingham, Robert Stoothoff, Dugald Murdoch, and Anthony Kenny (ed. and trans.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1989, Passions of the Soul, Stephen H. Voss (trans.), Indianapolis: Hackett.
1990, Meditations on First Philosophy = Meditationes de prima philosophia, George Heffernan (trans.), Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. A literal translation of the six Meditations proper, with facing-page Latin.
1994, Discours de la méthode: pour bein conduire sa raison et chercher la verité dans les sciences = Discourse on the Method: of Conducting One’s Reason Well and of Seeking the Truth in the Sciences, George Heffernan (trans.), Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. A bilingual edition with an interpretive essay. (Scholar)
1998, Meditations and Other Metaphysical Writings, Desmond M. Clarke (trans.), London: Penguin.
1998, Regulae ad directionem ingenii = Rules for the Direction of the Natural Intelligence: A Bilingual Edition of the Cartesian Treatise on Method, George Heffernan (trans.), Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi.
1998, The World and Other Writings, Stephen Gaukroger (trans.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1999, Discourse on Method and Related Writings, Desmond M. Clarke (trans.), London: Penguin.
2007, The Correspondence between Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia and René Descartes, Lisa Shapiro (trans.), Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2006, A Discourse on the Method of Correctly Conducting One’s Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences, Ian Maclean (trans.), Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
2008, Meditations on First Philosophy: With Selections from the Objections and Replies, Michael Moriarty (trans.), Oxford: Oxford University Press. A fresh translation with detailed explanatory notes.
2015, The Passions of the Soul and Other Late Philosophical Writings, Michael Moriarty (trans.), Oxford: Oxford University Press. Also includes the correspondence with Elisabeth and other letters.

Other Primary Literature

Some works known to Descartes (selected)

Ordered alphabetically, translations shown where available.

Alhazen, or Ibn al-Haytham, and Witelo. Opticae thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis libri septem nunc primum editi; ejusdem Liber de crepusculis et nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis, libri X, Friedrich Risner (ed.), Basel: Episcopius. DPR online (pdf). Translation of Alhazen’s theory of vision: Alhacen’s Theory of Visual Perception: A Critical Edition, with English Translation and Commentary, of the first three books of Alhacen’s De aspectibus, the medieval Latin version of Ibn al-Haytham’s Kitab al-Manazir, A. Mark Smith (trans.), 2 vols., Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 2001. Descartes cites Witelo (10:8). (Scholar)
Coimbran Commentators, 1598, Commentarium in tres libros De anima Aristotelis, Coimbra: Antonio de Maris. (Scholar)
Copernicus, Nicholas, 1543, De revolutionibus orbium caelestium, Nuremberg: Johannes Petreius; On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Edward Rosen (trans.), Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978. (Scholar)
Eustachius a Sancto Paulo, 1638, Summa philosophiae quadripartita: de rebus dialecticis, ethicis, physicis, & metaphysicis, rev. ed., Cologne: Philip Albert. Available through EMB. Translation (selections): A Compendium of Philosophy in Four Parts, in Descartes’ Meditations: Background Source Materials, Roger Ariew, John Cottingham, and Tom Sorell (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,1998, 68–96. (Scholar)
Galilei, Galileo, 1610, Siderius nuncius, Venice: Tommaso Baglioni; Starry Messenger, Albert van Helden (trans.), Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. (Scholar)
–––, 1632, Dialogo sopra i due massimi sistemi del mondo, Tolemaico e Copernicano, Florence: Batista Landini; Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, Ptolemaic & Copernican, Stillman Drake (trans.), Berkeley: University of California Press, 2nd edition, 1967. (Scholar)
–––, 1638, Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche: intorno à due nuoue scienze, attenenti alla mecanica & i movimenti locali, Leiden: Elzevir; Two New Sciences, Including Centers of Gravity & Force of Percussion, Stillman Drake (ed. and trans.), Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. (Scholar)
Kepler, Johannes, 1604, Ad Vitellionem paralipomena, quibus astronomiae pars optica traditur, Frankfurt: Claudius Marnius and Ioannes Aubrius. Available through EMB. Translation: Optics: Paralipomena to Witelo and Optical Part of Astronomy,William H. Donahue (ed. and trans.), Santa Fe, N.M.: Green Lion Press, 2000. (Scholar)
–––, 1611, Dioptrice, Augsburg: David Franke; reprint, Cambridge, UK: Heffer, 1962. (Scholar)
Rubio, Antonio, 1611, Commentarium in libros Aristotelis De anima, Alcalá de Henares: Andre Sanchez. (Scholar)
Toledo, Francisco de, 1575, Commentaria una cum quaestionibus in tres libros Aristotelis De anima, Venice: Iuntas. (Scholar)

For additional background sources, see Descartes’ Meditations: Background Source Materials, Roger Ariew, John Cottingham, and Tom Sorell (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Early reactions to Descartes’ philosophy, favorable and unfavorable.

Ordered chronologically. Not exhaustive.

Heereboord, Adrianus, 1643, Parallelismus Aristotelicae et Cartesianae philosophiae naturalis, Leiden. Reported to have been read at Harvard College in the seventeenth century (Morison 1936, 1:233). (Scholar)
Schoock, Martin, 1643, Admiranda methodvs novae philosophiae Renati Des Cartes, Utrecht: Joannis van VVaesberge. An attack on Descartes; according to Schoock, Gisbertus Voetius also contributed. See Verbeek (1988, 1992). (Scholar)
Hogelande, Cornelius van, 1646, Cogitationes, quibus Dei existentia: item animae spiritalitas, et possibilis cum corpore unio, demonstrantur: nec non, brevis historia oeconomiae corporis animalis, proponitur, atque mechanice explicator, Amsterdam: Elzevir. Book dedicated to Descartes. Available online tlhrough Early Modern Books (EMB) in many university libraries. (Scholar)
Regius, Henricus, 1646, Fundamenta physices, Amsterdam: Elzevir. DPR online (pdf). Influenced by Descartes’ physics and physiology. (Scholar)
–––, 1648, Brevis explicatio mentis humanae, sive animae rationalis: ubi explicatur, quid sit et quid esse possit, Utrecht: Dirck van Ackersdijck. Descartes replied with his Comments on a Certain Broadsheet. (Scholar)
Raei, Johannes de, 1654, Clavis philosophiae naturalis, seu Introductio ad naturae contemplationem Aristotelico-Cartesiana, Leiden: Elzevir. DPR online (pdf). A student of Regius, favorable toward Descartes (see Verbeek 1992). (Scholar)
More, Henry, 1662, A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings, 2 vols., London: Flesher, 2nd edition; reprint, New York, Garland, 1978. (Scholar)
Heereboord, Adrianus, 1663, Philosophia naturalis: cum commentariis peripateticis antehac edita, Leiden: Cornelius Driehuysen. Discusses Descartes’ mechanization of the vegetative and sensitive souls. Later editions available through EMB. (Scholar)
Spinoza, Benedictus de, 1663, Renati Des Cartes Principiorum philosophiae pars I et II, more geometrico demonstratae, Amsterdam: Joannes Riewerts. DPR online (pdf). Spinoza’s reconstruction of the arguments of the first two parts of Descartes’ Principles of Philosophy. (Scholar)
La Forge, Louis de, 1666, Traitté de l’esprit de l’homme, de ses facultez et fonctions, et de son union avec le corps, suivant les Principes de René Descartes, Paris: Michel Bobin and Nicolas Le Gras. DPR online (pdf). A treatise on the human mind following Descartes’ principles. (Scholar)
More, Henry, 1671, Enchiridion metaphysicum, London: Flesher; Manual of Metaphysics, Alexander Jacob (trans.), 2 vols., Hildesheim: Georg Olms, 1995. (Scholar)
Rohault, Jacques, 1671, Traité de physique, Paris: Charles Savreux. DPR online (pdf). (Scholar)
Poulain de la Barre, François, 1673, De l’égalité des deux sexes, discours physique et moral où l’on voit l’importance de se défaire des préjugez, Paris: Jean du Puis. DPR online (pdf). Translation: A Physical and Moral Descourse concerning the Equality of Both Sexes, Desmond M. Clarke (trans.), in The Equality of the Sexes: Three Feminist Texts of the Seventeenth Century, Desmond M. Clarke (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. (Scholar)
Huet, Pierre-Daniel, 1689, Censura philosophiae cartesianae, Paris: D. Horthemels; Against Cartesian Philosophy, Thomas M. Lennon (ed. and trans.), New York: Humanity Books, 2003. (Scholar)
Regis, Pierre Sylvain, 1690, Système de philosophie, contenant la logique, la métaphysique, la physique et la morale, Paris: Denys Thierry. DPR: Tome 1, Tome 2, Tome 3. (Scholar)
Le Grande, Antoine, 1694, An Entire Body of Philosophy, According to the Principles of the Famous Renate des Cartes, Richard Blome (trans.), 2 vols., London: Samuel Roycroft. Available through EMB (under EEBO). Originally published in Latin, 1672–1675. (Scholar)

Secondary Literature

References

Atherton, Margaret, 2001, “Cartesian Reason and Gendered Reason”, in A Mind of One’s Own: Feminist Essays on Reason and Objectivity, Louise M. Antony and Charlotte E. Witt (eds.), Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2nd edition, 21–37. (Scholar)
Ben-Yami, Hanoch, 2015, Descartes’ Philosophical Revolution: A Reassessment, Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan. (Scholar)
Bordo, Susan (ed.), 1999, Feminist Interpretations of René Descartes, University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. (Scholar)
Boyer, Carl B., 1885, A History of Mathematics, Princeton: Princeton University Press, Ch. 17. (Scholar)
Brown, Deborah J., 2006, Descartes and the Passionate Mind, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
Brown, Deborah J., and Calvin G. Normore, 2019, Descartes and the Ontology of Everyday Life, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
Carriero, John, 2008, “Cartesian Circle and the Foundations of Knowledge”, in Janet Broughton and John Carriero (eds.), A Companion to Descartes, Malden, MA: Blackwell, 302–18. (Scholar)
Clark, Desmond M., 2006, Descartes: A Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
Cottingham, John, 1998, “Descartes’ Treatment of Animals”, in Descartes, ed. John Cottingham. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 225–33. (Scholar)
Curley, Edwin, 1978, Descartes against the Skeptics, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
Damasio, Antonio, 1994, Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, New York: Putnam. (Scholar)
Des Chene, Dennis, 2001, Spirits and Clocks: Machine and Organism in Descartes, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. (Scholar)
Domski, Mary, 2022, “Descartes’ Mathematics”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 Edition), Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2022/entries/descartes-mathematics/>. (Scholar)
Doney, Willis (ed.), 1987, Eternal Truth and the Cartesian Circle, New York: Garland Publishing. (Scholar)
Frankfurt, Harry G., 1962, “Memory and the Cartesian Circle”, Philosophical Review, 71: 504–11. (Scholar)
–––, 1965. “Descartes’ Validation of Reason”, American Philosophical Quarterly, 2: 149–56. (Scholar)
Garber, Daniel, 1992, Descartes’ Metaphysical Physics, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Scholar)
Gaukroger, Stephen, 1995, Descartes: An Intellectual Biography, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
–––, 2002, Descartes’ System of Natural Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
Hamerton, Katharine J., 2008, “Malebranche, Taste, and Sensibility: The Origins of Sensitive Taste and a Reconsideration of Cartesianism’s Feminist Potential”, Journal of the History of Ideas, 69(4): 533–58. (Scholar)
Hatfield, Gary, 1993, “Reason, Nature, and God in Descartes”, in Stephen Voss (ed.), Essays on the Philosophy and Science of Rene Descartes, New York: Oxford University Press, 259–87. (Scholar)
–––, 2000, “Descartes’ Naturalism about the Mental,” in Stephen Gaukroger, John Schuster, and John Sutton (eds.), Descartes’ Natural Philosophy, London: Routledge, 630–58. (Scholar)
–––, 2006, “Cartesian Circle,” in Stephen Gaukroger (ed.), Blackwell Guide to Descartes’ Meditations, Oxford: Blackwell, 122–41. (Scholar)
–––, 2007, “The Passions of the Soul and Descartes’s Machine Psychology”, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 38: 1–35. (Scholar)
–––, 2008, “Animals,” in John Carriero and Janet Broughton (eds.), Companion to Descartes, Oxford: Blackwell, 404–25. (Scholar)
–––, 2013, “Descartes on Sensory Representation, Objective Reality, and Material Falsity”, in Karen Detlefsen (ed.), Descartes’ Meditations: A Critical Guide, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 127–50. (Scholar)
–––, 2020, “Geometry and Visual Space from Antiquity to the Early Moderns”, in Andrew Janiak (ed.), Space, New York: Oxford University Press, 184–222. (Scholar)
Henry, John, 2008, The Scientific Revolution and the Origins of Modern Science, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. (Scholar)
Jacquette, Dale, 1996, “Descartes’ Lumen Naturale and the Cartesian Circle”, Philosophy and Theology: Marquette University Quarterly, 9: 273–320. (Scholar)
James, Susan, 1997, Passion and Action: The Emotions in Seventheetnth-Century Philosophy, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
Jorgensen, Larry M., 2020, “Seventeenth-Century Theories of Consciousness”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2020 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/consciousness-17th/>. (Scholar)
Lee, Sukjae, 2020, “Occasionalism”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2020 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/occasionalism/>. (Scholar)
Leech, David, 2013, The Hammer of the Cartesians: Henry More’s Philosophy of Spirit and the Origins of Modern Atheism, Leuven: Peeters. (Scholar)
Loeb, Louis, 1992, “Cartesian Circle”, in John Cottingham (ed.), Cambridge Companion to Descartes, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 200–35. (Scholar)
Machamer, Peter, and J. E. McGuire, 2006, “Descartes’s Changing Mind”, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 37: 398–419. (Scholar)
Manning, Gideon, 2014, “Descartes and the Bologna Affair”, British Journal for the History of Science, 47: 1–13. (Scholar)
Mantovani, Mattia, 2022, “The Institution of Nature: Descartes on Human and Animal Perception”, in Donald Rutherford (ed.), Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy Volume 11, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1–30. (Scholar)
McMullin, Ernan, 2008, “Explanation as Confirmation in Descartes’s Natural Philosophy,” in Janet Broughton and John Carriero (eds.), A Companion to Descartes, Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, 84–102. (Scholar)
Moriarty, Michael, 2003, Early Modern French Thought: The Age of Suspicion, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
Morison, Samuel Eliot, 1936, Harvard College in the Seventeenth Century, 2 vols., Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
Newman, Lex, 2019, “Descartes’ Epistemology”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2019 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2019/entries/descartes-epistemology/>. (Scholar)
Nolan, Lawrence (ed.), 2014, The Cambridge Descartes Lexicon, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
–––, 2021, “Descartes’ Ontological Argument”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2021/entries/descartes-ontological/>. (Scholar)
Otegem, Matthijs van, 2002, A Bibliography of the Works of Descartes (1637–1704) = Een bibliografie van de werken van Descartes (1637–1704), 2 vols., Utrecht: Zeno. (Scholar)
Popkin, Richard H., 1979, History of Scepticism from Erasmus to Spinoza, Berkeley: University of California Press. (Scholar)
Rashed, Roshdi, 1990, “A Pioneer in Anaclastics: Ibn Sahl on Burning Mirrors and Lenses”, Isis, 81(3): 464–91. (Scholar)
Rodis-Lewis, Geneviève, 1998, Descartes: His Life and Thought, J. M. Todd (trans.), Ithaca: Cornell University Press. (Scholar)
Rozemond, Marleen, 2006, “The Nature of the Mind”, in Stephen Gaukroger (ed.), Blackwell Guide to Descartes’ Meditations, Oxford: Blackwell, 48–66. (Scholar)
Russell, Bertrand, 1914, Our Knowledge of the External World as a Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy, Chicago: Open Court. (Scholar)
Rutherford, Donald, 2021, “Descartes’ Ethics”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2021 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/descartes-ethics/>. (Scholar)
Sabra, A. I., 1967, Theories of Light from Descartes to Newton, London: Oldbourne Press. (Scholar)
Schmitter, Amy M., 2018, “Cartesian Prejudice: Gender, Education, and Authority in Poulain de la Barre”, Philosophy Compass, 13(12): 1–12. (Scholar)
Schuster, John, 1980, “Descartes’ Mathesis Universalis, 1619–28”, in Stephen Gaukroger (ed.), Descartes: Philosophy, Mathematics and Physics, New Jersey: Barnes and Noble, 41–96. (Scholar)
Sebba, Gregor, 1987, The Dream of Descartes, Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. (Scholar)
Shapin, Steven, 1996, The Scientific Revolution, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Scholar)
Shapiro, Lisa, 2003, “Descartes’ Passions of the Soul and the Union of Mind and Body”, Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 85: 211–48. (Scholar)
Shea, William R., 1991, The Magic of Numbers and Motion: The Scientific Career of René Descartes, Canton, MA: Science History Publications. (Scholar)
Simmons, Alison, 2003, “Descartes on the Cognitive Structure of Sensory Experience”, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 67: 549–79. (Scholar)
Slowik, Edward, 2021, “Descartes’ Physics”, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2021 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/descartes-physics/>. (Scholar)
Underkuffler, Wilson, 2019, “Teresa, Descartes, and de Sales: The Art of Augustinian Meditation”, Intellectual History Review, 30(4): 561–84. (Scholar)
Verbeek, Theo (ed.), 1988, La querelle d’Utrecht, Paris: Les impressions nouvelles. Includes writings by Martin Schoock and Descartes. (Scholar)
–––, 1992, Descartes and the Dutch: Early Reactions to Cartesian Philosophy, 1637–1650, Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. (Scholar)
Watson, Richard, 2007, Cogito, Ergo Sum, Boston: Godine, rev. edition. (Scholar)
Wee, Cecilia, 2006, Material Falsity and Error in Descartes’ Meditations, London: Routledge. (Scholar)
Wells, Norman J., 1982, “Descartes’ Uncreated Eternal Truths”, The New Scholasticism, 56: 185–99. (Scholar)
Wheeler, Michael, 2005, Reconstructing the Cognitive World: The Next Step, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
Williams, Michael, 1986, “Descartes and the Metaphysics of Doubt”, in Amélie Rorty (ed.), Essays on Descartes’ Meditations, Berkeley: University of California Press, 117–139. (Scholar)
Wolf-Devine, Celia, 1993, Descartes on Seeing: Epistemology and Visual Perception, Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press. (Scholar)

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