Linked bibliography for the SEP article "Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics" by Vincent C. Müller
This is an automatically generated and experimental page
If everything goes well, this page should display the bibliography of the aforementioned article as it appears in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, but with links added to PhilPapers records and Google Scholar for your convenience. Some bibliographies are not going to be represented correctly or fully up to date. In general, bibliographies of recent works are going to be much better linked than bibliographies of primary literature and older works. Entries with PhilPapers records have links on their titles. A green link indicates that the item is available online at least partially.
This experiment has been authorized by the editors of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. The original article and bibliography can be found here.
NOTE: Citations in the main text annotated “[OIR]” may be
found in the
Other Internet Resources
section below, not in the Bibliography.
- Abowd, John M, 2017, “How Will Statistical Agencies Operate
When All Data Are Private?”, Journal of Privacy and
Confidentiality, 7(3): 1–15. doi:10.29012/jpc.v7i3.404 (Scholar)
- Allen, Colin, Iva Smit, and Wendell Wallach, 2005, “Artificial Morality: Top-down, Bottom-up, and Hybrid Approaches”, Ethics and Information Technology, 7(3): 149–155. doi:10.1007/s10676-006-0004-4 (Scholar)
- Allen, Colin, Gary Varner, and Jason Zinser, 2000, “Prolegomena to Any Future Artificial Moral Agent”, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 12(3): 251–261. doi:10.1080/09528130050111428 (Scholar)
- Amoroso, Daniele and Guglielmo Tamburrini, 2018, “The
Ethical and Legal Case Against Autonomy in Weapons Systems”,
Global Jurist, 18(1): art. 20170012.
doi:10.1515/gj-2017-0012 (Scholar)
- Anderson, Janna, Lee Rainie, and Alex Luchsinger, 2018,
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humans, Washington,
DC: Pew Research Center. (Scholar)
- Anderson, Michael and Susan Leigh Anderson, 2007, “Machine
Ethics: Creating an Ethical Intelligent Agent”, AI
Magazine, 28(4): 15–26. (Scholar)
- ––– (eds.), 2011, Machine Ethics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511978036 (Scholar)
- Aneesh, A., 2006, Virtual Migration: The Programming of
Globalization, Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press. (Scholar)
- Arkin, Ronald C., 2009, Governing Lethal Behavior in Autonomous Robots, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. (Scholar)
- Armstrong, Stuart, 2013, “General Purpose Intelligence:
Arguing the Orthogonality Thesis”, Analysis and
Metaphysics, 12: 68–84. (Scholar)
- –––, 2014, Smarter Than Us, Berkeley,
CA: MIRI. (Scholar)
- Arnold, Thomas and Matthias Scheutz, 2017, “Beyond Moral
Dilemmas: Exploring the Ethical Landscape in HRI”, in
Proceedings of the 2017 ACM/IEEE International Conference on
Human-Robot Interaction—HRI ’17, Vienna, Austria: ACM
Press, 445–452. doi:10.1145/2909824.3020255 (Scholar)
- Asaro, Peter M., 2019, “AI Ethics in Predictive Policing:
From Models of Threat to an Ethics of Care”, IEEE Technology
and Society Magazine, 38(2): 40–53.
doi:10.1109/mts.2019.2915154 (Scholar)
- Asimov, Isaac, 1942, “Runaround: A Short Story”,
Astounding Science Fiction, March 1942. Reprinted in
“I, Robot”, New York: Gnome Press 1950, 1940ff. (Scholar)
- Awad, Edmond, Sohan Dsouza, Richard Kim, Jonathan Schulz, Joseph Henrich, Azim Shariff, Jean-François Bonnefon, and Iyad Rahwan, 2018, “The Moral Machine Experiment”, Nature, 563(7729): 59–64. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0637-6 (Scholar)
- Baldwin, Richard, 2019, The Globotics Upheaval: Globalisation,
Robotics and the Future of Work, New York: Oxford University
Press. (Scholar)
- Baum, Seth D., Stuart Armstrong, Timoteus Ekenstedt, Olle Häggström, Robin Hanson, Karin Kuhlemann, Matthijs M. Maas, James D. Miller, Markus Salmela, Anders Sandberg, Kaj Sotala, Phil Torres, Alexey Turchin, and Roman V. Yampolskiy, 2019, “Long-Term Trajectories of Human Civilization”, Foresight, 21(1): 53–83. doi:10.1108/fs-04-2018-0037 (Scholar)
- Bendel, Oliver, 2018, “Sexroboter aus Sicht der
Maschinenethik”, in Handbuch Filmtheorie, Bernhard
Groß and Thomas Morsch (eds.), (Springer Reference
Geisteswissenschaften), Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden,
1–19. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-17484-2_22-1 (Scholar)
- Bennett, Colin J. and Charles Raab, 2006, The Governance of
Privacy: Policy Instruments in Global Perspective, second
edition, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
- Benthall, Sebastian and Bruce D. Haynes, 2019, “Racial
Categories in Machine Learning”, in Proceedings of the
Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency - FAT*
’19, Atlanta, GA, USA: ACM Press, 289–298.
doi:10.1145/3287560.3287575 (Scholar)
- Bentley, Peter J., Miles Brundage, Olle Häggström, and
Thomas Metzinger, 2018, “Should We Fear Artificial Intelligence?
In-Depth Analysis”, European Parliamentary Research Service,
Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA), March 2018, PE 614.547, 1–40.
[Bentley et al. 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- Bertolini, Andrea and Giuseppe Aiello, 2018, “Robot
Companions: A Legal and Ethical Analysis”, The Information
Society, 34(3): 130–140.
doi:10.1080/01972243.2018.1444249 (Scholar)
- Binns, Reuben, 2018, “Fairness in Machine Learning: Lessons
from Political Philosophy”, Proceedings of the 1st
Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, in
Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, 81:
149–159. (Scholar)
- Bostrom, Nick, 2003a, “Are We Living in a Computer Simulation?”, The Philosophical Quarterly, 53(211): 243–255. doi:10.1111/1467-9213.00309 (Scholar)
- –––, 2003b, “Ethical Issues in Advanced Artificial Intelligence”, in Cognitive, Emotive and Ethical Aspects of Decision Making in Humans and in Artificial Intelligence, Volume 2, Iva Smit, Wendell Wallach, and G.E. Lasker (eds), (IIAS-147-2003), Tecumseh, ON: International Institute of Advanced Studies in Systems Research and Cybernetics, 12–17. [Botstrom 2003b revised available online] (Scholar)
- –––, 2003c, “Transhumanist Values”, in Ethical Issues for the Twenty-First Century, Frederick Adams (ed.), Bowling Green, OH: Philosophical Documentation Center Press. (Scholar)
- –––, 2012, “The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents”, Minds and Machines, 22(2): 71–85. doi:10.1007/s11023-012-9281-3 (Scholar)
- –––, 2013, “Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority”, Global Policy, 4(1): 15–31. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.12002 (Scholar)
- –––, 2014, Superintelligence: Paths,
Dangers, Strategies, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
- Bostrom, Nick and Milan M. Ćirković (eds.), 2011,
Global Catastrophic Risks, New York: Oxford University
Press. (Scholar)
- Bostrom, Nick, Allan Dafoe, and Carrick Flynn, forthcoming,
“Policy Desiderata for Superintelligent AI: A Vector Field
Approach (V. 4.3)”, in Ethics of Artificial
Intelligence, S Matthew Liao (ed.), New York: Oxford University
Press.
[Bostrom, Dafoe, and Flynn forthcoming – preprint available online] (Scholar)
- Bostrom, Nick and Eliezer Yudkowsky, 2014, “The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence”, in The Cambridge Handbook of Artificial Intelligence, Keith Frankish and William M. Ramsey (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 316–334. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139046855.020 [Bostrom and Yudkowsky 2014 available online] (Scholar)
- Bradshaw, Samantha, Lisa-Maria Neudert, and Phil Howard, 2019,
“Government Responses to Malicious Use of Social Media”,
Working Paper 2019.2, Oxford: Project on Computational Propaganda.
[Bradshaw, Neudert, and Howard 2019 available online/] (Scholar)
- Brownsword, Roger, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung (eds.), 2017,
The Oxford Handbook of Law, Regulation and Technology,
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Brynjolfsson, Erik and Andrew McAfee, 2016, The Second Machine
Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant
Technologies, New York: W. W. Norton. (Scholar)
- Bryson, Joanna J., 2010, “Robots Should Be Slaves”, in Close Engagements with Artificial Companions: Key Social, Psychological, Ethical and Design Issues, Yorick Wilks (ed.), (Natural Language Processing 8), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 63–74. doi:10.1075/nlp.8.11bry (Scholar)
- –––, 2019, “The Past Decade and Future of
Ai’s Impact on Society”, in Towards a New
Enlightenment: A Transcendent Decade, Madrid: Turner - BVVA.
[Bryson 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Bryson, Joanna J., Mihailis E. Diamantis, and Thomas D. Grant, 2017, “Of, for, and by the People: The Legal Lacuna of Synthetic Persons”, Artificial Intelligence and Law, 25(3): 273–291. doi:10.1007/s10506-017-9214-9 (Scholar)
- Burr, Christopher and Nello Cristianini, 2019, “Can Machines Read Our Minds?”, Minds and Machines, 29(3): 461–494. doi:10.1007/s11023-019-09497-4 (Scholar)
- Butler, Samuel, 1863, “Darwin among the Machines: Letter to
the Editor”, Letter in The Press (Christchurch), 13
June 1863.
[Butler 1863 available online] (Scholar)
- Callaghan, Victor, James Miller, Roman Yampolskiy, and Stuart Armstrong (eds.), 2017, The Technological Singularity: Managing the Journey, (The Frontiers Collection), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54033-6 (Scholar)
- Calo, Ryan, 2018, “Artificial Intelligence Policy: A Primer
and Roadmap”, University of Bologna Law Review, 3(2):
180-218. doi:10.6092/issn.2531-6133/8670 (Scholar)
- Calo, Ryan, A. Michael Froomkin, and Ian Kerr (eds.), 2016,
Robot Law, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. (Scholar)
- Čapek, Karel, 1920, R.U.R., Prague: Aventium.
Translated by Peter Majer and Cathy Porter, London: Methuen,
1999.
- Capurro, Raphael, 1993, “Ein Grinsen Ohne Katze: Von der
Vergleichbarkeit Zwischen ‘Künstlicher Intelligenz’
und ‘Getrennten Intelligenzen’”, Zeitschrift
für philosophische Forschung, 47: 93–102. (Scholar)
- Cave, Stephen, 2019, “To Save Us from a Kafkaesque Future,
We Must Democratise AI”, The Guardian , 04 January
2019.
[Cave 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Chalmers, David J., 2010, “The Singularity: A Philosophical Analysis”, Journal of Consciousness Studies, 17(9–10): 7–65. [Chalmers 2010 available online] (Scholar)
- Christman, John, 2003 [2018], “Autonomy in Moral and
Political Philosophy”, (Spring 2018) Stanford Encyclopedia
of Philosophy (EDITION NEEDED), URL =
<https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2018/entries/autonomy-moral/> (Scholar)
- Coeckelbergh, Mark, 2010, “Robot Rights? Towards a Social-Relational Justification of Moral Consideration”, Ethics and Information Technology, 12(3): 209–221. doi:10.1007/s10676-010-9235-5 (Scholar)
- –––, 2012, Growing Moral Relations: Critique of Moral Status Ascription, London: Palgrave. doi:10.1057/9781137025968 (Scholar)
- –––, 2016, “Care Robots and the Future of ICT-Mediated Elderly Care: A Response to Doom Scenarios”, AI & Society, 31(4): 455–462. doi:10.1007/s00146-015-0626-3 (Scholar)
- –––, 2018, “What Do We Mean by a
Relational Ethics? Growing a Relational Approach to the Moral Standing
of Plants, Robots and Other Non-Humans”, in Plant Ethics:
Concepts and Applications, Angela Kallhoff, Marcello Di Paola,
and Maria Schörgenhumer (eds.), London: Routledge,
110–121. (Scholar)
- Crawford, Kate and Ryan Calo, 2016, “There Is a Blind Spot
in AI Research”, Nature, 538(7625): 311–313.
doi:10.1038/538311a (Scholar)
- Cristianini, Nello, forthcoming, “Shortcuts to Artificial Intelligence”, in Machines We Trust, Marcello Pelillo and Teresa Scantamburlo (eds.), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. [Cristianini forthcoming – preprint available online] (Scholar)
- Danaher, John, 2015, “Why AI Doomsayers Are Like Sceptical Theists and Why It Matters”, Minds and Machines, 25(3): 231–246. doi:10.1007/s11023-015-9365-y (Scholar)
- –––, 2016a, “Robots, Law and the Retribution Gap”, Ethics and Information Technology, 18(4): 299–309. doi:10.1007/s10676-016-9403-3 (Scholar)
- –––, 2016b, “The Threat of Algocracy: Reality, Resistance and Accommodation”, Philosophy & Technology, 29(3): 245–268. doi:10.1007/s13347-015-0211-1 (Scholar)
- –––, 2019a, Automation and Utopia: Human Flourishing in a World without Work, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
- –––, 2019b, “The Philosophical Case for Robot Friendship”, Journal of Posthuman Studies, 3(1): 5–24. doi:10.5325/jpoststud.3.1.0005 (Scholar)
- –––, forthcoming, “Welcoming Robots into the Moral Circle: A Defence of Ethical Behaviourism”, Science and Engineering Ethics, first online: 20 June 2019. doi:10.1007/s11948-019-00119-x (Scholar)
- Danaher, John and Neil McArthur (eds.), 2017, Robot Sex: Social and Ethical Implications, Boston, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
- DARPA, 1983, “Strategic Computing. New-Generation Computing
Technology: A Strategic Plan for Its Development an Application to
Critical Problems in Defense”, ADA141982, 28 October 1983.
[DARPA 1983 available online] (Scholar)
- Dennett, Daniel C, 2017, From Bacteria to Bach and Back: The Evolution of Minds, New York: W.W. Norton. (Scholar)
- Devlin, Kate, 2018, Turned On: Science, Sex and Robots,
London: Bloomsbury. (Scholar)
- Diakopoulos, Nicholas, 2015, “Algorithmic Accountability: Journalistic Investigation of Computational Power Structures”, Digital Journalism, 3(3): 398–415. doi:10.1080/21670811.2014.976411 (Scholar)
- Dignum, Virginia, 2018, “Ethics in Artificial Intelligence: Introduction to the Special Issue”, Ethics and Information Technology, 20(1): 1–3. doi:10.1007/s10676-018-9450-z (Scholar)
- Domingos, Pedro, 2015, The Master Algorithm: How the Quest for
the Ultimate Learning Machine Will Remake Our World, London:
Allen Lane. (Scholar)
- Draper, Heather, Tom Sorell, Sandra Bedaf, Dag Sverre Syrdal,
Carolina Gutierrez-Ruiz, Alexandre Duclos, and Farshid
Amirabdollahian, 2014, “Ethical Dimensions of Human-Robot
Interactions in the Care of Older People: Insights from 21 Focus
Groups Convened in the UK, France and the Netherlands”, in
International Conference on Social Robotics 2014, Michael
Beetz, Benjamin Johnston, and Mary-Anne Williams (eds.), (Lecture
Notes in Artificial Intelligence 8755), Cham: Springer International
Publishing, 135–145. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-11973-1_14 (Scholar)
- Dressel, Julia and Hany Farid, 2018, “The Accuracy,
Fairness, and Limits of Predicting Recidivism”, Science
Advances, 4(1): eaao5580. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao5580 (Scholar)
- Drexler, K. Eric, 2019, “Reframing Superintelligence:
Comprehensive AI Services as General Intelligence”, FHI
Technical Report, 2019-1, 1-210.
[Drexler 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Dreyfus, Hubert L., 1972, What Computers Still Can’t Do:
A Critique of Artificial Reason, second edition, Cambridge, MA:
MIT Press 1992. (Scholar)
- Dreyfus, Hubert L., Stuart E. Dreyfus, and Tom Athanasiou, 1986,
Mind over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in
the Era of the Computer, New York: Free Press. (Scholar)
- Dwork, Cynthia, Frank McSherry, Kobbi Nissim, and Adam Smith,
2006, Calibrating Noise to Sensitivity in Private Data
Analysis, Berlin, Heidelberg. (Scholar)
- Eden, Amnon H., James H. Moor, Johnny H. Søraker, and Eric
Steinhart (eds.), 2012, Singularity Hypotheses: A Scientific and
Philosophical Assessment, (The Frontiers Collection), Berlin,
Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
doi:10.1007/978-3-642-32560-1 (Scholar)
- Eubanks, Virginia, 2018, Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor, London: St. Martin’s Press. (Scholar)
- European Commission, 2013, “How Many People Work in
Agriculture in the European Union? An Answer Based on Eurostat Data
Sources”, EU Agricultural Economics Briefs, 8 (July
2013).
[Anonymous 2013 available online] (Scholar)
- European Group on Ethics in Science and New Technologies, 2018,
“Statement on Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and
‘Autonomous’ Systems”, 9 March 2018, European
Commission, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, Unit
RTD.01.
[European Group 2018 available online ] (Scholar)
- Ferguson, Andrew Guthrie, 2017, The Rise of Big Data Policing:
Surveillance, Race, and the Future of Law Enforcement, New York:
NYU Press. (Scholar)
- Floridi, Luciano, 2016, “Should We Be Afraid of AI? Machines
Seem to Be Getting Smarter and Smarter and Much Better at Human Jobs,
yet True AI Is Utterly Implausible. Why?”, Aeon, 9 May
2016. URL =
<Floridi 2016 available online> (Scholar)
- Floridi, Luciano, Josh Cowls, Monica Beltrametti, Raja Chatila, Patrice Chazerand, Virginia Dignum, Christoph Luetge, Robert Madelin, Ugo Pagallo, Francesca Rossi, Burkhard Schafer, Peggy Valcke, and Effy Vayena, 2018, “AI4People—An Ethical Framework for a Good AI Society: Opportunities, Risks, Principles, and Recommendations”, Minds and Machines, 28(4): 689–707. doi:10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5 (Scholar)
- Floridi, Luciano and Jeff W. Sanders, 2004, “On the Morality of Artificial Agents”, Minds and Machines, 14(3): 349–379. doi:10.1023/b:mind.0000035461.63578.9d (Scholar)
- Floridi, Luciano and Mariarosaria Taddeo, 2016, “What Is Data Ethics?”, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374(2083): 20160360. doi:10.1098/rsta.2016.0360 (Scholar)
- Foot, Philippa, 1967, “The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect”, Oxford Review, 5: 5–15. (Scholar)
- Fosch-Villaronga, Eduard and Jordi Albo-Canals, 2019,
“‘I’ll Take Care of You,’ Said the
Robot”, Paladyn, Journal of Behavioral Robotics, 10(1):
77–93. doi:10.1515/pjbr-2019-0006
- Frank, Lily and Sven Nyholm, 2017, “Robot Sex and Consent: Is Consent to Sex between a Robot and a Human Conceivable, Possible, and Desirable?”, Artificial Intelligence and Law, 25(3): 305–323. doi:10.1007/s10506-017-9212-y (Scholar)
- Frankfurt, Harry G., 1971, “Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person”, The Journal of Philosophy, 68(1): 5–20. (Scholar)
- Frey, Carl Benedict, 2019, The Technology Trap: Capital,
Labour, and Power in the Age of Automation, Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
- Frey, Carl Benedikt and Michael A. Osborne, 2013, “The
Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to
Computerisation?”, Oxford Martin School Working Papers, 17
September 2013.
[Frey and Osborne 2013 available online] (Scholar)
- Ganascia, Jean-Gabriel, 2017, Le Mythe De La
Singularité, Paris: Éditions du Seuil. (Scholar)
- EU Parliament, 2016, “Draft Report with Recommendations to
the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2015/2103(Inl))”,
Committee on Legal Affairs, 10.11.2016.
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/A-8-2017-0005_EN.html (Scholar)
- EU Regulation, 2016/679, “General Data Protection
Regulation: Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 27 April 2016 on the Protection of Natural Persons with
Regard to the Processing of Personal Data and on the Free Movement of
Such Data, and Repealing Directive 95/46/Ec”, Official
Journal of the European Union, 119 (4 May 2016), 1–88.
[Regulation (EU) 2016/679 available online]
(Scholar)
- Geraci, Robert M., 2008, “Apocalyptic AI: Religion and the
Promise of Artificial Intelligence”, Journal of the American
Academy of Religion, 76(1): 138–166.
doi:10.1093/jaarel/lfm101 (Scholar)
- –––, 2010, Apocalyptic AI: Visions of Heaven in Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, and Virtual Reality, Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195393026.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Gerdes, Anne, 2016, “The Issue of Moral Consideration in
Robot Ethics”, ACM SIGCAS Computers and Society, 45(3):
274–279. doi:10.1145/2874239.2874278 (Scholar)
- German Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure,
2017, “Report of the Ethics Commission: Automated and Connected
Driving”, June 2017, 1–36.
[GFMTDI 2017 available online] (Scholar)
- Gertz, Nolen, 2018, Nihilism and Technology, London: Rowman & Littlefield. (Scholar)
- Gewirth, Alan, 1978, “The Golden Rule Rationalized”, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 3(1): 133–147. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4975.1978.tb00353.x (Scholar)
- Gibert, Martin, 2019, “Éthique Artificielle (Version
Grand Public)”, in L’Encyclopédie
Philosophique, Maxime Kristanek (ed.), accessed: 16 April 2020,
URL =
<Gibert 2019 available online> (Scholar)
- Giubilini, Alberto and Julian Savulescu, 2018, “The Artificial Moral Advisor. The ‘Ideal Observer’ Meets Artificial Intelligence”, Philosophy & Technology, 31(2): 169–188. doi:10.1007/s13347-017-0285-z (Scholar)
- Good, Irving John, 1965, “Speculations Concerning the First Ultraintelligent Machine”, in Advances in Computers 6, Franz L. Alt and Morris Rubinoff (eds.), New York & London: Academic Press, 31–88. doi:10.1016/s0065-2458(08)60418-0 (Scholar)
- Goodfellow, Ian, Yoshua Bengio, and Aaron Courville, 2016,
Deep Learning, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
- Goodman, Bryce and Seth Flaxman, 2017, “European Union
Regulations on Algorithmic Decision-Making and a ‘Right to
Explanation’”, AI Magazine, 38(3): 50–57.
doi:10.1609/aimag.v38i3.2741 (Scholar)
- Goos, Maarten, 2018, “The Impact of Technological Progress
on Labour Markets: Policy Challenges”, Oxford Review of
Economic Policy, 34(3): 362–375.
doi:10.1093/oxrep/gry002 (Scholar)
- Goos, Maarten, Alan Manning, and Anna Salomons, 2009, “Job
Polarization in Europe”, American Economic Review,
99(2): 58–63. doi:10.1257/aer.99.2.58 (Scholar)
- Graham, Sandra and Brian S. Lowery, 2004, “Priming
Unconscious Racial Stereotypes about Adolescent Offenders”,
Law and Human Behavior, 28(5): 483–504.
doi:10.1023/b:lahu.0000046430.65485.1f (Scholar)
- Gunkel, David J., 2018a, “The Other Question: Can and Should Robots Have Rights?”, Ethics and Information Technology, 20(2): 87–99. doi:10.1007/s10676-017-9442-4 (Scholar)
- –––, 2018b, Robot Rights, Boston, MA:
MIT Press. (Scholar)
- Gunkel, David J. and Joanna J. Bryson (eds.), 2014, Machine
Morality: The Machine as Moral Agent and Patient special issue of
Philosophy & Technology, 27(1): 1–142. (Scholar)
- Häggström, Olle, 2016, Here Be Dragons: Science,
Technology and the Future of Humanity, Oxford: Oxford University
Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198723547.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Hakli, Raul and Pekka Mäkelä, 2019, “Moral Responsibility of Robots and Hybrid Agents”, The Monist, 102(2): 259–275. doi:10.1093/monist/onz009 (Scholar)
- Hanson, Robin, 2016, The Age of Em: Work, Love and Life When Robots Rule the Earth, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
- Hansson, Sven Ove, 2013, The Ethics of Risk: Ethical Analysis in an Uncertain World, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. (Scholar)
- –––, 2018, “How to Perform an Ethical Risk
Analysis (eRA)”, Risk Analysis, 38(9): 1820–1829.
doi:10.1111/risa.12978 (Scholar)
- Harari, Yuval Noah, 2016, Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow, New York: Harper. (Scholar)
- Haskel, Jonathan and Stian Westlake, 2017, Capitalism without
Capital: The Rise of the Intangible Economy, Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
- Houkes, Wybo and Pieter E. Vermaas, 2010, Technical Functions:
On the Use and Design of Artefacts, (Philosophy of Engineering
and Technology 1), Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.
doi:10.1007/978-90-481-3900-2 (Scholar)
- IEEE, 2019, Ethically Aligned Design: A Vision for
Prioritizing Human Well-Being with Autonomous and Intelligent
Systems (First Version),
<IEEE 2019 available online>. (Scholar)
- Jasanoff, Sheila, 2016, The Ethics of Invention: Technology and the Human Future, New York: Norton. (Scholar)
- Jecker, Nancy S., forthcoming, Ending Midlife Bias: New Values for Old Age, New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
- Jobin, Anna, Marcello Ienca, and Effy Vayena, 2019, “The Global Landscape of AI Ethics Guidelines”, Nature Machine Intelligence, 1(9): 389–399. doi:10.1038/s42256-019-0088-2 (Scholar)
- Johnson, Deborah G. and Mario Verdicchio, 2017, “Reframing AI Discourse”, Minds and Machines, 27(4): 575–590. doi:10.1007/s11023-017-9417-6 (Scholar)
- Kahnemann, Daniel, 2011, Thinking Fast and Slow, London: Macmillan. (Scholar)
- Kamm, Frances Myrna, 2016, The Trolley Problem Mysteries, Eric Rakowski (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190247157.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Kant, Immanuel, 1781/1787, Kritik der reinen Vernunft.
Translated as Critique of Pure Reason, Norman Kemp Smith
(trans.), London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1929. (Scholar)
- Keeling, Geoff, 2020, “Why Trolley Problems Matter for the Ethics of Automated Vehicles”, Science and Engineering Ethics, 26(1): 293–307. doi:10.1007/s11948-019-00096-1 (Scholar)
- Keynes, John Maynard, 1930, “Economic Possibilities for Our
Grandchildren”. Reprinted in his Essays in Persuasion,
New York: Harcourt Brace, 1932, 358–373. (Scholar)
- Kissinger, Henry A., 2018, “How the Enlightenment Ends:
Philosophically, Intellectually—in Every Way—Human Society
Is Unprepared for the Rise of Artificial Intelligence”, The
Atlantic, June 2018.
[Kissinger 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- Kurzweil, Ray, 1999, The Age of Spiritual Machines: When
Computers Exceed Human Intelligence, London: Penguin. (Scholar)
- –––, 2005, The Singularity Is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology, London: Viking. (Scholar)
- –––, 2012, How to Create a Mind: The Secret
of Human Thought Revealed, New York: Viking. (Scholar)
- Lee, Minha, Sander Ackermans, Nena van As, Hanwen Chang, Enzo
Lucas, and Wijnand IJsselsteijn, 2019, “Caring for Vincent: A
Chatbot for Self-Compassion”, in Proceedings of the 2019 CHI
Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems—CHI
’19, Glasgow, Scotland: ACM Press, 1–13.
doi:10.1145/3290605.3300932 (Scholar)
- Levy, David, 2007, Love and Sex with Robots: The Evolution of
Human-Robot Relationships, New York: Harper & Co. (Scholar)
- Lighthill, James, 1973, “Artificial Intelligence: A General
Survey”, Artificial intelligence: A Paper Symposion,
London: Science Research Council.
[Lighthill 1973 available online] (Scholar)
- Lin, Patrick, 2016, “Why Ethics Matters for Autonomous
Cars”, in Autonomous Driving, Markus Maurer, J.
Christian Gerdes, Barbara Lenz, and Hermann Winner (eds.), Berlin,
Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 69–85.
doi:10.1007/978-3-662-48847-8_4 (Scholar)
- Lin, Patrick, Keith Abney, and Ryan Jenkins (eds.), 2017, Robot Ethics 2.0: From Autonomous Cars to Artificial Intelligence, New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190652951.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Lin, Patrick, George Bekey, and Keith Abney, 2008, “Autonomous Military Robotics: Risk, Ethics, and Design”, ONR report, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, 20 December 2008), 112 pp. [Lin, Bekey, and Abney 2008 available online] (Scholar)
- Lomas, Meghann, Robert Chevalier, Ernest Vincent Cross, Robert
Christopher Garrett, John Hoare, and Michael Kopack, 2012,
“Explaining Robot Actions”, in Proceedings of the
Seventh Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot
Interaction—HRI ’12, Boston, MA: ACM Press,
187–188. doi:10.1145/2157689.2157748 (Scholar)
- Macnish, Kevin, 2017, The Ethics of Surveillance: An Introduction, London: Routledge. (Scholar)
- Mathur, Arunesh, Gunes Acar, Michael J. Friedman, Elena Lucherini,
Jonathan Mayer, Marshini Chetty, and Arvind Narayanan, 2019,
“Dark Patterns at Scale: Findings from a Crawl of 11K Shopping
Websites”, Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer
Interaction, 3(CSCW): art. 81. doi:10.1145/3359183 (Scholar)
- Minsky, Marvin, 1985, The Society of Mind, New York: Simon & Schuster. (Scholar)
- Misselhorn, Catrin, 2020, “Artificial Systems with Moral Capacities? A Research Design and Its Implementation in a Geriatric Care System”, Artificial Intelligence, 278: art. 103179. doi:10.1016/j.artint.2019.103179 (Scholar)
- Mittelstadt, Brent Daniel and Luciano Floridi, 2016, “The Ethics of Big Data: Current and Foreseeable Issues in Biomedical Contexts”, Science and Engineering Ethics, 22(2): 303–341. doi:10.1007/s11948-015-9652-2 (Scholar)
- Moor, James H., 2006, “The Nature, Importance, and Difficulty of Machine Ethics”, IEEE Intelligent Systems, 21(4): 18–21. doi:10.1109/mis.2006.80 (Scholar)
- Moravec, Hans, 1990, Mind Children, Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
- –––, 1998, Robot: Mere Machine to Transcendent Mind, New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
- Mozorov, Eygeny, 2013, To Save Everything, Click Here: The
Folly of Technological Solutionism, New York: Public
Affairs. (Scholar)
- Müller, Vincent C., 2012, “Autonomous Cognitive Systems in Real-World Environments: Less Control, More Flexibility and Better Interaction”, Cognitive Computation, 4(3): 212–215. doi:10.1007/s12559-012-9129-4 (Scholar)
- –––, 2016a, “Autonomous Killer Robots Are Probably Good News”, In Drones and Responsibility: Legal, Philosophical and Socio-Technical Perspectives on the Use of Remotely Controlled Weapons, Ezio Di Nucci and Filippo Santoni de Sio (eds.), London: Ashgate, 67–81. (Scholar)
- ––– (ed.), 2016b, Risks of Artificial Intelligence, London: Chapman & Hall - CRC Press. doi:10.1201/b19187 (Scholar)
- –––, 2018, “In 30 Schritten zum Mond? Zukünftiger Fortschritt in der KI”, Medienkorrespondenz, 20: 5–15. [Müller 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- –––, 2020, “Measuring Progress in
Robotics: Benchmarking and the ‘Measure-Target
Confusion’”, in Metrics of Sensory Motor Coordination
and Integration in Robots and Animals, Fabio Bonsignorio, Elena
Messina, Angel P. del Pobil, and John Hallam (eds.), (Cognitive
Systems Monographs 36), Cham: Springer International Publishing,
169–179. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14126-4_9 (Scholar)
- –––, forthcoming-a, Can Machines Think?
Fundamental Problems of Artificial Intelligence, New York: Oxford
University Press. (Scholar)
- ––– (ed.), forthcoming-b, Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence, New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
- Müller, Vincent C. and Nick Bostrom, 2016, “Future Progress in Artificial Intelligence: A Survey of Expert Opinion”, in Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence, Vincent C. Müller (ed.), Cham: Springer International Publishing, 555–572. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26485-1_33 (Scholar)
- Newport, Cal, 2019, Digital Minimalism: On Living Better with
Less Technology, London: Penguin. (Scholar)
- Nørskov, Marco (ed.), 2017, Social Robots, London: Routledge. (Scholar)
- Nyholm, Sven, 2018a, “Attributing Agency to Automated Systems: Reflections on Human–Robot Collaborations and Responsibility-Loci”, Science and Engineering Ethics, 24(4): 1201–1219. doi:10.1007/s11948-017-9943-x (Scholar)
- –––, 2018b, “The Ethics of Crashes with Self-Driving Cars: A Roadmap, II”, Philosophy Compass, 13(7): e12506. doi:10.1111/phc3.12506 (Scholar)
- Nyholm, Sven, and Lily Frank, 2017, “From Sex Robots to Love Robots: Is Mutual Love with a Robot Possible?”, in Danaher and McArthur 2017: 219–243. (Scholar)
- O’Connell, Mark, 2017, To Be a Machine: Adventures among Cyborgs, Utopians, Hackers, and the Futurists Solving the Modest Problem of Death, London: Granta. (Scholar)
- O’Neil, Cathy, 2016, Weapons of Math Destruction: How
Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy, Largo, ML:
Crown. (Scholar)
- Omohundro, Steve, 2014, “Autonomous Technology and the Greater Human Good”, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 26(3): 303–315. doi:10.1080/0952813x.2014.895111 (Scholar)
- Ord, Toby, 2020, The Precipice: Existential Risk and the Future of Humanity, London: Bloomsbury. (Scholar)
- Powers, Thomas M. and Jean-Gabriel Ganascia, forthcoming,
“The Ethics of the Ethics of AI”, in Oxford Handbook
of Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, Markus D. Dubber, Frank
Pasquale, and Sunnit Das (eds.), New York: Oxford. (Scholar)
- Rawls, John, 1971, A Theory of Justice, Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press. (Scholar)
- Rees, Martin, 2018, On the Future: Prospects for
Humanity, Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
- Richardson, Kathleen, 2016, “Sex Robot Matters: Slavery, the
Prostituted, and the Rights of Machines”, IEEE Technology
and Society Magazine, 35(2): 46–53.
doi:10.1109/mts.2016.2554421 (Scholar)
- Roessler, Beate, 2017, “Privacy as a Human Right”, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 117(2): 187–206. doi:10.1093/arisoc/aox008 (Scholar)
- Royakkers, Lambèr and Rinie van Est, 2016, Just
Ordinary Robots: Automation from Love to War, Boca Raton, LA: CRC
Press, Taylor & Francis. doi:10.1201/b18899 (Scholar)
- Russell, Stuart, 2019, Human Compatible: Artificial
Intelligence and the Problem of Control, New York: Viking. (Scholar)
- Russell, Stuart, Daniel Dewey, and Max Tegmark, 2015,
“Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial
Intelligence”, AI Magazine, 36(4): 105–114.
doi:10.1609/aimag.v36i4.2577 (Scholar)
- SAE International, 2018, “Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms
Related to Driving Automation Systems for on-Road Motor
Vehicles”, J3016_201806, 15 June 2018.
[SAE International 2015 available online] (Scholar)
- Sandberg, Anders, 2013, “Feasibility of Whole Brain Emulation”, in Philosophy and Theory of Artificial Intelligence, Vincent C. Müller (ed.), (Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics, 5), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 251–264. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31674-6_19 (Scholar)
- –––, 2019, “There Is Plenty of Time at the
Bottom: The Economics, Risk and Ethics of Time Compression”,
Foresight, 21(1): 84–99.
doi:10.1108/fs-04-2018-0044 (Scholar)
- Santoni de Sio, Filippo and Jeroen van den Hoven, 2018,
“Meaningful Human Control over Autonomous Systems: A
Philosophical Account”, Frontiers in Robotics and AI,
5(February): 15. doi:10.3389/frobt.2018.00015 (Scholar)
- Schneier, Bruce, 2015, Data and Goliath: The Hidden Battles to
Collect Your Data and Control Your World, New York: W. W.
Norton. (Scholar)
- Searle, John R., 1980, “Minds, Brains, and Programs”, Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3(3): 417–424. doi:10.1017/s0140525x00005756 (Scholar)
- Selbst, Andrew D., Danah Boyd, Sorelle A. Friedler, Suresh
Venkatasubramanian, and Janet Vertesi, 2019, “Fairness and
Abstraction in Sociotechnical Systems”, in Proceedings of
the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and
Transparency—FAT* ’19, Atlanta, GA: ACM Press,
59–68. doi:10.1145/3287560.3287598 (Scholar)
- Sennett, Richard, 2018, Building and Dwelling: Ethics for the
City, London: Allen Lane. (Scholar)
- Shanahan, Murray, 2015, The Technological Singularity,
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
- Sharkey, Amanda, 2019, “Autonomous Weapons Systems, Killer Robots and Human Dignity”, Ethics and Information Technology, 21(2): 75–87. doi:10.1007/s10676-018-9494-0 (Scholar)
- Sharkey, Amanda and Noel Sharkey, 2011, “The Rights and
Wrongs of Robot Care”, in Robot Ethics: The Ethical and
Social Implications of Robotics, Patrick Lin, Keith Abney and
George Bekey (eds.), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 267–282. (Scholar)
- Shoham, Yoav, Perrault Raymond, Brynjolfsson Erik, Jack Clark,
James Manyika, Juan Carlos Niebles, … Zoe Bauer, 2018,
“The AI Index 2018 Annual Report”, 17 December 2018,
Stanford, CA: AI Index Steering Committee, Human-Centered AI
Initiative, Stanford University.
[Shoam et al. 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- Silver, David, Thomas Hubert, Julian Schrittwieser, Ioannis
Antonoglou, Matthew Lai, Arthur Guez, Marc Lanctot, Laurent Sifre,
Dharshan Kumaran, Thore Graepel, Timothy Lillicrap, Karen Simonyan,
and Demis Hassabis, 2018, “A General Reinforcement Learning
Algorithm That Masters Chess, Shogi, and Go through Self-Play”,
Science, 362(6419): 1140–1144.
doi:10.1126/science.aar6404 (Scholar)
- Simon, Herbert A. and Allen Newell, 1958, “Heuristic Problem
Solving: The Next Advance in Operations Research”,
Operations Research, 6(1): 1–10.
doi:10.1287/opre.6.1.1 (Scholar)
- Simpson, Thomas W. and Vincent C. Müller, 2016, “Just War and Robots’ Killings”, The Philosophical Quarterly, 66(263): 302–322. doi:10.1093/pq/pqv075 (Scholar)
- Smolan, Sandy (director), 2016, “The Human Face of Big
Data”, PBS Documentary, 24 February 2016, 56 mins. (Scholar)
- Sparrow, Robert, 2007, “Killer Robots”, Journal of Applied Philosophy, 24(1): 62–77. doi:10.1111/j.1468-5930.2007.00346.x (Scholar)
- –––, 2016, “Robots in Aged Care: A Dystopian Future?”, AI & Society, 31(4): 445–454. doi:10.1007/s00146-015-0625-4 (Scholar)
- Stahl, Bernd Carsten, Job Timmermans, and Brent Daniel
Mittelstadt, 2016, “The Ethics of Computing: A Survey of the
Computing-Oriented Literature”, ACM Computing Surveys,
48(4): art. 55. doi:10.1145/2871196 (Scholar)
- Stahl, Bernd Carsten and David Wright, 2018, “Ethics and Privacy in AI and Big Data: Implementing Responsible Research and Innovation”, IEEE Security Privacy, 16(3): 26–33. (Scholar)
- Stone, Christopher D., 1972, “Should Trees Have Standing -
toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects”, Southern
California Law Review, 45: 450–501. (Scholar)
- Stone, Peter, Rodney Brooks, Erik Brynjolfsson, Ryan Calo, Oren
Etzioni, Greg Hager, Julia Hirschberg, Shivaram Kalyanakrishnan, Ece
Kamar, Sarit Kraus, Kevin Leyton-Brown, David Parkes, William Press,
AnnaLee Saxenian, Julie Shah, Milind Tambe, and Astro Teller, 2016,
“Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030”, One Hundred
Year Study on Artificial Intelligence: Report of the 2015–2016
Study Panel, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, September 2016.
[Stone et al. 2016 available online] (Scholar)
- Strawson, Galen, 1998, “Free Will”, in Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Taylor & Francis. doi:10.4324/9780415249126-v014-1 (Scholar)
- Sullins, John P., 2012, “Robots, Love, and Sex: The Ethics
of Building a Love Machine”, IEEE Transactions on Affective
Computing, 3(4): 398–409. doi:10.1109/t-affc.2012.31 (Scholar)
- Susser, Daniel, Beate Roessler, and Helen Nissenbaum, 2019, “Technology, Autonomy, and Manipulation”, Internet Policy Review, 8(2): 30 June 2019. [Susser, Roessler, and Nissenbaum 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Taddeo, Mariarosaria and Luciano Floridi, 2018, “How AI Can Be a Force for Good”, Science, 361(6404): 751–752. doi:10.1126/science.aat5991 (Scholar)
- Taylor, Linnet and Nadezhda Purtova, 2019, “What Is Responsible and Sustainable Data Science?”, Big Data & Society, 6(2): art. 205395171985811. doi:10.1177/2053951719858114 (Scholar)
- Taylor, Steve, et al., 2018, “Responsible AI – Key
Themes, Concerns & Recommendations for European Research and
Innovation: Summary of Consultation with Multidisciplinary
Experts”, June. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1303252
[Taylor, et al. 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- Tegmark, Max, 2017, Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of
Artificial Intelligence, New York: Knopf. (Scholar)
- Thaler, Richard H and Sunstein, Cass, 2008, Nudge: Improving
decisions about health, wealth and happiness, New York:
Penguin. (Scholar)
- Thompson, Nicholas and Ian Bremmer, 2018, “The AI Cold War
That Threatens Us All”, Wired, 23 November 2018.
[Thompson and Bremmer 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- Thomson, Judith Jarvis, 1976, “Killing, Letting Die, and the Trolley Problem”, Monist, 59(2): 204–217. doi:10.5840/monist197659224 (Scholar)
- Torrance, Steve, 2011, “Machine Ethics and the Idea of a More-Than-Human Moral World”, in Anderson and Anderson 2011: 115–137. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511978036.011 (Scholar)
- Trump, Donald J, 2019, “Executive Order on Maintaining
American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence”, 11 February
2019.
[Trump 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Turner, Jacob, 2019, Robot Rules: Regulating Artificial
Intelligence, Berlin: Springer.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96235-1 (Scholar)
- Tzafestas, Spyros G., 2016, Roboethics: A Navigating Overview, (Intelligent Systems, Control and Automation: Science and Engineering 79), Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21714-7 (Scholar)
- Vallor, Shannon, 2017, Technology and the Virtues: A Philosophical Guide to a Future Worth Wanting, Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190498511.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Van Lent, Michael, William Fisher, and Michael Mancuso, 2004,
“An Explainable Artificial Intelligence System for Small-Unit
Tactical Behavior”, in Proceedings of the 16th Conference on
Innovative Applications of Artifical Intelligence,
(IAAI’04), San Jose, CA: AAAI Press, 900–907. (Scholar)
- van Wynsberghe, Aimee, 2016, Healthcare Robots: Ethics, Design and Implementation, London: Routledge. doi:10.4324/9781315586397 (Scholar)
- van Wynsberghe, Aimee and Scott Robbins, 2019, “Critiquing the Reasons for Making Artificial Moral Agents”, Science and Engineering Ethics, 25(3): 719–735. doi:10.1007/s11948-018-0030-8 (Scholar)
- Vanderelst, Dieter and Alan Winfield, 2018, “The Dark Side
of Ethical Robots”, in Proceedings of the 2018 AAAI/ACM
Conference on AI, Ethics, and Society, New Orleans, LA: ACM,
317–322. doi:10.1145/3278721.3278726 (Scholar)
- Veale, Michael and Reuben Binns, 2017, “Fairer Machine Learning in the Real World: Mitigating Discrimination without Collecting Sensitive Data”, Big Data & Society, 4(2): art. 205395171774353. doi:10.1177/2053951717743530 (Scholar)
- Véliz, Carissa, 2019, “Three Things Digital Ethics Can Learn from Medical Ethics”, Nature Electronics, 2(8): 316–318. doi:10.1038/s41928-019-0294-2 (Scholar)
- Verbeek, Peter-Paul, 2011, Moralizing Technology: Understanding and Designing the Morality of Things, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Scholar)
- Wachter, Sandra and Brent Daniel Mittelstadt, 2019, “A Right
to Reasonable Inferences: Re-Thinking Data Protection Law in the Age
of Big Data and AI”, Columbia Business Law Review,
2019(2): 494–620. (Scholar)
- Wachter, Sandra, Brent Mittelstadt, and Luciano Floridi, 2017, “Why a Right to Explanation of Automated Decision-Making Does Not Exist in the General Data Protection Regulation”, International Data Privacy Law, 7(2): 76–99. doi:10.1093/idpl/ipx005 (Scholar)
- Wachter, Sandra, Brent Mittelstadt, and Chris Russell, 2018,
“Counterfactual Explanations Without Opening the Black Box:
Automated Decisions and the GDPR”, Harvard Journal of Law
& Technology, 31(2): 842–887.
doi:10.2139/ssrn.3063289 (Scholar)
- Wallach, Wendell and Peter M. Asaro (eds.), 2017, Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics, London: Routledge. (Scholar)
- Walsh, Toby, 2018, Machines That Think: The Future of
Artificial Intelligence, Amherst, MA: Prometheus Books. (Scholar)
- Westlake, Stian (ed.), 2014, Our Work Here Is Done: Visions of
a Robot Economy, London: Nesta.
[Westlake 2014 available online] (Scholar)
- Whittaker, Meredith, Kate Crawford, Roel Dobbe, Genevieve Fried,
Elizabeth Kaziunas, Varoon Mathur, … Jason Schultz, 2018,
“AI Now Report 2018”, New York: AI Now Institute, New York
University.
[Whittaker et al. 2018 available online] (Scholar)
- Whittlestone, Jess, Rune Nyrup, Anna Alexandrova, Kanta Dihal, and
Stephen Cave, 2019, “Ethical and Societal Implications of
Algorithms, Data, and Artificial Intelligence: A Roadmap for
Research”, Cambridge: Nuffield Foundation, University of
Cambridge.
[Whittlestone 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Winfield, Alan, Katina Michael, Jeremy Pitt, and Vanessa Evers
(eds.), 2019, Machine Ethics: The Design and Governance of Ethical
AI and Autonomous Systems, special issue of Proceedings of
the IEEE, 107(3): 501–632. (Scholar)
- Woollard, Fiona and Frances Howard-Snyder, 2016, “Doing vs. Allowing Harm”, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2016 edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2016/entries/doing-allowing/> (Scholar)
- Woolley, Samuel C. and Philip N. Howard (eds.), 2017,
Computational Propaganda: Political Parties, Politicians, and
Political Manipulation on Social Media, Oxford: Oxford University
Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190931407.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Yampolskiy, Roman V. (ed.), 2018, Artificial Intelligence
Safety and Security, Boca Raton, FL: Chapman and Hall/CRC.
doi:10.1201/9781351251389 (Scholar)
- Yeung, Karen and Martin Lodge (eds.), 2019, Algorithmic Regulation, Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198838494.001.0001 (Scholar)
- Zayed, Yago and Philip Loft, 2019, “Agriculture: Historical
Statistics”, House of Commons Briefing Paper, 3339(25
June 2019): 1-19.
[Zayed and Loft 2019 available online] (Scholar)
- Zerilli, John, Alistair Knott, James Maclaurin, and Colin Gavaghan, 2019, “Transparency in Algorithmic and Human Decision-Making: Is There a Double Standard?”, Philosophy & Technology, 32(4): 661–683. doi:10.1007/s13347-018-0330-6 (Scholar)
- Zuboff, Shoshana, 2019, The Age of Surveillance Capitalism:
The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, New
York: Public Affairs. (Scholar)