Primary Literature

• Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, and Politics, in The Complete Works of Aristotle, J. Barnes (ed.), 2 vols, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984.
• Aurelius, M., The Meditations of the Emperor Marcus Antoninus, A. Farquharson (tr.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1944.
• Green, T. H., Prolegomena to Ethics, A. C. Bradley, (ed.), New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1969.
• Grotius, H., On the Law of War and Peace, F. Kelsey (tr.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1925.
• Hume, D., Enquiries Concerning Human Understanding and Concerning the Principles of Morals, L. A. Selby-Bigge (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.
• –––, A Treatise of Human Nature, L. A. Selby-Bigge (ed.), rev. P. H. Nidditch, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978.
• Kant, I., The Metaphysics of Morals, M. Gregor (tr.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
• Long, A. A. and Sedley, D. N., (eds.), 1987, The Hellenistic Philosophers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Marx, K., Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, in The Marx-Engels Reader, R. C. Tucker (ed.), New York: W. W. Norton, 1978. (Scholar)
• Mill, J.S., Principles of Political Economy, 2 vols., London: Colonial Press, 1900.
• –––, On Liberty, D. Spitz (ed.), New York: W. W. Norton, 1975.
• –––, Utilitarianism, G. Sher (ed.), Indianapolis: Hackett, 1979.
• –––, The Subjection of Women, S. Okin (ed.), Indianapolis: Hackett, 1988.
• –––, Considerations on Representative Government, Amherst: Prometheus Books, 1991.
• Plato, Complete Works, J. Cooper (ed.), Indianapolis: Hackett, 1999.
• Rawls, J., 1999a, A Theory of Justice, Cambridge, MA: Harvard. (Scholar)
• –––, 1999b, The Law of Peoples, Cambridge, MA: Harvard. (Scholar)
• –––, 2001, Justice as Fairness: A Restatement, Cambridge, MA: Harvard. (Scholar)

Secondary Literature

• Annas, J., 2011, Intelligent Virtue, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Anscombe, G., 1958, “Modern Moral Philosophy”, Philosophy, 33: 1–19. (Scholar)
• Baier, A., 1991, A Progress of Sentiments, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. (Scholar)
• Bloomfield, P., 2014, “Some Intellectual Aspects of the Cardinal Virtues”, Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics, 3: 287–313. (Scholar)
• Brink, D., 1992, “Mill’s Deliberative Utilitarianism”, Philosophy & Public Affairs, 21: 67–103. (Scholar)
• Cooper, J., 1980, “Aristotle on Friendship”, in Essays on Aristotle’s Ethics, A. Rorty (ed.), Berkeley: University of California Press. (Scholar)
• DeGolyer, M., 1985, Science and Society, Justice and Equality: An Historical Approach to Marx, Ph.D. dissertation, Claremont Graduate School. (Scholar)
• Dent, N., 1975, The Moral Psychology of the Virtues, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Doris, J., 2002, Lack of Character: Personality and Moral Behavior, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Edmundson, W., 2017, John Rawls: Reticent Socialist, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Elster, Jon, 1993, “Self-Realization in Work and Politics: The Marxist Conception of the Good Life,” in The Main Debate: Communism vs. Capitalism, T. Machan (ed.), New York: Random House. (Scholar)
• Frede, D., 2013, “The Historic Decline of Virtue Ethics” in The Cambridge Companion to Virtue Ethics, D. Russell (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Freeman, S., 2007, Rawls, London: Routledge. (Scholar)
• Harman, G., 1999, “Moral Philosophy Meets Social Psychology: Virtue Ethics and the Fundamental Attribution Error”, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 99: 315–331. (Scholar)
• –––, 2000, “The Nonexistence of Character Traits”, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 100: 223–226. (Scholar)
• Homiak, M., 1997, “Aristotle on the Soul’s Conflicts: Toward an Understanding of Virtue Ethics”, in Reclaiming the History of Ethics: Essays for John Rawls, A. Reath, B. Herman, and C. Korsgaard (eds.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2000, “Hume’s Ethics: Ancient or Modern?”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 81: 215–236. (Scholar)
• –––, 2010, “Yes, We Can Live Reasonably Decently and Flourish in an Imperfect World”, in The Value of Time and Leisure in a World of Work, M. Haney and A. D. Kline, (eds.), Lanham, MD: Lexington Books/Rowman and Littlefield. (Scholar)
• Hursthouse, R., 2001, On Virtue Ethics, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Irwin, T., 1985, “Aristotle’s Conception of Morality,” Proceedings of the Boston Area Colloquium in Ancient Philosophy, 1: 115–143. (Scholar)
• –––, 1989, Classical Thought, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1996, “The Virtues: Theory and Common Sense in Greek Philosophy” in How Should One Live?, R. Crisp (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007, The Development of Ethics (Volume I), Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2009, The Development of Ethics (Volume III), Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Kamtekar, R., 2004, “Situationism and Virtue Ethics on the Content of Our Character”, Ethics, 114: 458–91. (Scholar)
• Kraut, R., 2002, Aristotle, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Kupperman, J., 2001, “The Indispensability of Character”, Philosophy, 76: 239–50. (Scholar)
• Mason, A., 1996, “MacIntyre on Modernity and How It Has Marginalized the Virtues”, in How Should One Live?, R. Crisp (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Miller, C., 2003, “Social Psychology and Virtue Ethics”, The Journal of Ethics, 7: 365–92. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013, Moral Character: An Empirical Theory, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2014, Character and Moral Psychology, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Murphy, James Bernard, 1993, The Moral Economy of Labor: Aristotelian Themes in Economic Theory, New Haven: Yale University Press. (Scholar)
• Nussbaum, M., 1990a, Love’s Knowledge, New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1990b, “Aristotelian Social Democracy”, in Liberalism and the Good, R. Douglass, G. Mara, and H. Richardson (eds.), New York: Routledge. (Scholar)
• O’Neill, O., 1996, “Kant’s Virtues”, in How Should One Live?, R. Crisp (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Radcliffe, E., 2007, “Moral Naturalism and the Possibility of Making Ourselves Better”, in Moral Cultivation, B. Wilburn (ed.), Lanham, MD: Lexington Books/Rowman and Littlefield. (Scholar)
• Russell, D., 2009, Practical Intelligence and the Virtues, Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2015, “From Personality to Character to Virtue”, in Current Controversies in Virtue Theory, M. Alfano (ed.), New York: Routledge, 91–106. (Scholar)
• Schneewind, J. B., 1990, “The Misfortunes of Virtue”, Ethics, 101: 42–63. (Scholar)
• –––, 1998, The Invention of Autonomy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
• Sabini, J. and Silver, M., 2005, “Lack of Character? Situationism Critiqued,” Ethics, 115: 535–562. (Scholar)
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• Sherman, N., 1989, The Fabric of Character: Aristotle’s Theory of Virtue, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Snow, N., 2010, Virtue as Social Intelligence: An Empirically Grounded Theory, New York: Routledge. (Scholar)
• Sreenivasan, G., 2013, “The Situationist Critique of Virtue Ethics” in The Cambridge Companion to Virtue Ethics, D. Russell (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (Scholar)
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• Taylor, G., 1996, “Deadly Vices?”, in How Should One Live?, R. Crisp (ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Thomas, L., 1989, Living Morally: A Psychology of Moral Character, Philadelphia: Temple University Press. (Scholar)
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• von Wright, G., 1963, The Varieties of Goodness, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. (Scholar)
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• –––, 2007, “Moral Psychology and the Unity of the Virtues”, Ratio, 20: 145–67. (Scholar)