A. Primary Sources: Works by C. S. Peirce cited in this entry

• [CP], Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss (eds), Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1960, Volumes 1—5. (Scholar)
• [W], Writings of Charles S. Peirce: A Chronological Edition, 6 volumes, The Peirce Edition Project, M. Fisch, C. Kloesel, and N. Houser (eds), Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
• [Ms 339] 1865–1909, “Logic Notebook”, unpublished manuscript, Ms 339. Pages 340v, 341v, 344r replicated in Fisch and Turquette 1966: 73–75. (Scholar)
• 1866, “Lowell Lectures on the Logic of Science 1866, Lecture II”, Ms 353. Parts quoted in Merrill 1978. (Scholar)
• 1867, “An Improvement in Boole’s Calculus of Logic”, Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 7: 249–261. Reprinted in CP 3.1–19. doi:10.2307/20179565 (Scholar)
• [DNLR] 1870, “Description of a Notation for the Logic of Relatives, Resulting from An Amplification of the Conceptions of Boole’s Calculus”, Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 9(2): 317–378. Reprinted in CP 3.45–148. doi:10.2307/25058006 (Scholar)
• 1878, “How To Make Our Ideas Clear”, Popular Science Monthly, 12(January): 286–302. Reprinted in CP 5.388–410. (Scholar)
• 1880, “On the Algebra of Logic”, American Journal of Mathematics, 3(1): 15–57. Reprinted in CP 3.154–251. doi:10.2307/2369442 (Scholar)
• 1882a, “Brief description of the algebra of relatives”, manuscript. Reprinted in CP 3.306–322.
• 1882b, Letter to Oscar H. Mitchell, MS L 294 (21 December 1882), quoted in Roberts 1973, p. 18. (Scholar)
• 1883a, “The Logic of Relatives” also known as “NoteB”, in Peirce (ed.) 1883b: 187–203. Reprinted in CP 3.328–358.
• 1883b, editor, Studies in Logic by Members of the Johns Hopkins University, Boston: Little, Brown, and Company.
• 1885a, “On the Algebra of Logic: A Contribution to the Philosophy of Notation”, The American Journal of Mathematics, 7(2): 180–202. Reprinted in CP 3.359–403. doi:10.2307/2369451 (Scholar)
• 1885b, “Note”, undated but written for the issue of The American Journal of Mathematics just after the previous article. Reprinted in CP 4.403A–403M. (Scholar)
• 1896, “Review of Schröder’s Algebra und Logik der Relative”, The Nation, 62: 330–331. (Scholar)
• 1897a, “The Logic of Relatives”, The Monist, 7(2): 161–217. Reprinted in CP 3.456–552. doi:10.5840/monist18977231 (Scholar)
• c. 1897b, “Fallibilism, Continuity, and Evolution” (originally untitled), unpublished manuscript. Printed CP 1.141–175. (Scholar)
• 1903a, “Existential Graphs”, in his A Syllabus of Certain Topics of Logic, Boston: Alfred Mudge & son, pp. 15–23. Reprinted in CP 4.394–417. (Scholar)
• 1903b, “On Existential Graphs, Euler’s Diagrams, and Logical Algebra”, from “Logical Tracts, No. 2”. Reprinted in CP 4.418–529. (Scholar)
• 1903c, “The Gamma Part of Existential Graphs”, Lowell Lectures of 1903, Lecture IV, unpublished. Printed in CP 4.510–529. (Scholar)
• c. 1903d, “Nomenclature and Divisions of Triadic Relations, as Far as They Are Determined”, manuscript, Printed in CP: 2.233–272. (Scholar)
• 1905, “The Issues of Pragmaticism”:, The Monist, 15(4): 481–499. Reprinted in CP 5.438–463. doi:10.5840/monist19051544/ (Scholar)
• 1906, “Prolegomena to an Apology for Pragmaticism”, The Monist, 16(4): 492–546. Reprinted in CP 4.530–572. doi:10.5840/monist190616436 (Scholar)
• 1909, Letter to William James, 26 February 1909, 40 pages. Reprinted in Peirce’s New Elements of Mathematics, volume 3/2: Mathematical Miscellanea 2, Carolyn Eisele (ed.), Boston: De Gruyter, 1976, NEM 3/2: 836–866.
• 1910a, “Diversions of Definitions”, unpublished, Ms 650.
• 1910b, “The Art of Reasoning Elucidated”, unpublished, Ms 678.
• 1911a, “Notes on Symbolic Logic and Mathematics”, with H. B. Fine, in Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, second edition, J. M. Baldwin (ed.), New York: Macmillan, volume 1, p. 518;. Reprinted in CP 3.609—3.645. (Scholar)
• 1911b, “Euler’s Diagrams”, in Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology, second edition, J. M. Baldwin (ed.), New York: Macmillan, vol. 2, p. 28. Reprinted in CP 4.347–371. (Scholar)

B. Secondary Sources

• Anellis, Irving H., 2012, “Peirce’s Truth-Functional Analysis and the Origin of the Truth Table”, History and Philosophy of Logic, 33(1): 87–97. doi:10.1080/01445340.2011.621702 (Scholar)
• Barwise, Jon and Gerard Allwein (eds), 1996, Logical Reasoning with Diagrams, New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Barwise, Jon and John Etchemendy, 1991, “Visual Information and Valid Reasoning”, Visualization in Teaching and Learning Mathematics, Walter Zimmerman and Steve Cunningham (eds), Washington, DC: Mathematical Association of America, 9–24. (Scholar)
• Beatty, Richard, 1969, “Peirce’s Development of Quantifiers and of Predicate Logic.”, Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic, 10(1): 64–76. doi:10.1305/ndjfl/1093893587 (Scholar)
• Boole, George, 1847, The Mathematical Analysis of Logic, Being an Essay Towards a Calculus of Deductive Reasoning, Cambridge: Macmillan, Barclay, & Macmillan. (Scholar)
• Brady, Geraldine, 1997, “From the Algebra of Relations to the Logic of Quantifiers”, in Houser, Roberts, and Van Evra 1997: 173–192 (ch. 10). (Scholar)
• –––, 2000, From Peirce to Skolem: A Neglected Chapter in the History of Logic, Amsterdam: Elsevier. (Scholar)
• Brunning, Jacqueline, 1991, “C. S. Peirce’s Relative Product”, Modern Logic, 2(1): 33–49. [Brunning 1991 available online] (Scholar)
• Burch, Robert W., 1994, “Game-Theoretical Semantics for Peirce’s Existential Graphs”, Synthese, 99(3): 361–375. doi:10.1007/bf01063994 (Scholar)
• –––, 1997, “Peirce on the Application of Relations to Relations”, in Houser, Roberts, and Van Evra 1997: 206—233 (ch. 12). (Scholar)
• Dau, Frithjof, 2006, “Fixing Shin’s Reading Algorithm for Peirce’s Existential Graphs”, in Diagrammatic Representation and Inference, Dave Barker-Plummer, Richard Cox, and Nik Swoboda (eds.), (Lecture Notes in Computer Science 4045), Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 88–92. doi:10.1007/11783183_10 (Scholar)
• De Morgan, Augustus, 1847, Formal Logic or, The Calculus of Inference, Necessary and Probable, London: Taylor and Walton. (Scholar)
• –––, 1864, “On the Syllogism, No. IV, and on the Logic of Relations”, Cambridge Philosophical Transactions, 10: 331—358. Originally written in 1859. (Scholar)
• Dipert, Randall R., 1984a, “Peirce, Frege, the Logic of Relations, and Church’s Theorem”, History and Philosophy of Logic, 5(1): 49–66. doi:10.1080/01445348408837062 (Scholar)
• –––, 1984b, “Essay Review: Studies in Logic by Members of the Johns Hopkins University, 1883, Edited by Charles S. Peirce”, History and Philosophy of Logic, 5(2): 227–232. doi:10.1080/01445348408837072 (Scholar)
• –––, 1984c, “Review of Studies in Logic by Members of Johns Hopkins University”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 20(4): 469–472. (Scholar)
• –––, 1995, “Peirce’s Underestimated Place in the History of Logic: A Response to Quine”, in Ketner 1995: 32–58. (Scholar)
• –––, 1996, “Reflections on Iconicity, Representation, and Resemblance: Peirce’s Theory of Signs, Goodman on Resemblance, and Modern Philosophies of Language and Mind”, Synthese, 106(3): 373–397. doi:10.1007/bf00413591 (Scholar)
• –––, 2004, “Peirce’s Deductive Logic: Its Development, Influence, and Philosophical Significance”, in The Cambridge Companion to Peirce, Cheryl Misak (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 287–324. doi:10.1017/ccol0521570069.012 (Scholar)
• Frege, Gottlob , 1879 [1972], Begriffsschrift, eine der arithmetischen nachgebildete Formelsprache des reinen Denkens, Halle a. S.: Louis Nebert. Translated as Conceptual Notation, and Related Articles, Terrell Ward Bynum (trans.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1972. (Scholar)
• Fisch, Max and Atwell Turquette, 1966, “Peirce’s Triadic Logic”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 2(2): 71—85. (Scholar)
• Goldfarb, Warren D., 1979, “Logic in the Twenties: The Nature of the Quantifier”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 44(3): 351–368. doi:10.2307/2273128 (Scholar)
• Grattan-Guinness, I., 2002, “Re-interpreting ‘\(\lambda\)’: Kempe on multisets and Peirce on graphs, 1886–1905”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 38, 327–350. (Scholar)
• Hawkins, Benjamin S., Jr, 1995, “De Morgan, Victorian Syllogistic and Relational Logic”, in Modern Logic, 5(2) : 131–166. [Hawkins 1995 available online] (Scholar)
• Herzberger, Hans G., 1981, “Peirce’s Remarkable Theorem”, in Pragmatism and Purpose: Essays Presented to Thomas A. Goudge, Leonard Wayne Sumner, John G. Slater, and Fred Wilson (eds), Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 41–58 and 297–301. (Scholar)
• Hilpinen, Risto, 1982, “On C. S. Peirce’s Theory of the Proposition: Peirce as a Precursor of Game-Theoretical Semantics”, The Monist, 65(2): 182–188. doi:10.5840/monist198265213 (Scholar)
• –––, 2004, “Peirce’s Logic”, Handbook of the History of Logic: Volume 3, The Rise of Modern Logic: From Leibniz to Frege, Dov M. Gabbay and John Woods (eds), Amsterdam: Elsevier, 611—658. (Scholar)
• Hintikka, Jaakko, 1980, “C. S. Peirce’s ‘First Real Discovery’ and Its Contemporary Relevance”, The Monist, 63(3): 304–315. doi:10.5840/monist198063316 (Scholar)
• –––, 1988, “On the Development of the Model-Theoretic Viewpoint in Logical Theory”, Synthese, 77(1): 1–36. doi:10.1007/bf00869545 (Scholar)
• –––, 1990, “Quine as a Member of the Tradition of the Universality of Language”, in Perspectives on Quine, Robert B. Barret and Roger F. Gibson (eds), Cambridge, MA: B. Blackwell, 59–175. (Scholar)
• –––, 1997, “The Place of C.S. Peirce in the History of Logical Theory”, in The Rule of Reason: The Philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce, Jacqueline Brunning and Paul Forster (eds), Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 13–33. (Scholar)
• Houser, Nathan, 1997, “Introduction: Peirce as Logician”, in House, Roberts, and Van Evra 1997: 1–22. (Scholar)
• Houser, Nathan, Don D. Roberts, and James Van Evra (eds.), 1997, Studies in the Logic of Charles Sanders Peirce, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. (Scholar)
• Ketner, Kenneth Laine (ed.), 1995, Peirce and Contemporary Thought: Philosophical Inquiries, New York: Fordham University Press. (Scholar)
• Lane, Robert, 1999, “Peirce’s Triadic Logic Revisited”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 35(2): 284–311. (Scholar)
• Ladd [Ladd-Franklin], Christine, 1883, “On a New Algebra of Logic”, in Peirce (ed.) 1883b: 17–71. (Scholar)
• Iliff, Alan, 1997, “The Role of the Matrix Representation in Peirce’s Development of the Quantifiers”, in Houser, Roberts, and Van Evra 1997: 193–205 (ch. 11). (Scholar)
• Merrill, Daniel D., 1978, “DeMorgan, Peirce and the Logic of Relations”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 14(4): 247–284. (Scholar)
• –––, 1990, Augustus De Morgan and the Logic of Relations, Dordrecht: Kluwer. doi:10.1007/978-94-009-2047-7 (Scholar)
• –––, 1997, “Relations and Quantification in Peirce’s Logic, 1870–1885”, in Houser, Roberts, and Van Evra 1997: 158—172 (ch. 9). (Scholar)
• Michael, Emily, 1974, “Peirce’s Early Study of the Logic of Relations, 1865–1867”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 10(2): 63–75. (Scholar)
• Mitchell, O. H., 1883, “On a New Algebra of Logic”, in Peirce (ed.) 1883b: 72–106. (Scholar)
• Odland, Brent C., 2020, “Peirce’s Triadic Logic: Continuity,Modality, and L”, Master’s thesis, University of Calgary. [Odland 2020 available online] (Scholar)
• Peckhaus, Volker, 2004, “Calculus Ratiocinator versus Characteristica Universalis? The Two Traditions in Logic, Revisited”, History and Philosophy of Logic, 25(1): 3–14. doi:10.1080/01445340310001609315 (Scholar)
• Pietarinen, Ahti-Veikko, 2006, Signs of logic : Peircean themes on the philosophy of language, games, and communication, Dordrecht; [London] : Springer. (Scholar)
• Putnam, Hilary, 1982, “Peirce the Logician”, Historia Mathematica, 9(3): 290–301. doi:10.1016/0315-0860(82)90123-9 (Scholar)
• Quine, W. V. O, 1985, “In the Logical Vestibule”, Times Literary Supplement, 4293(12 July 1985): 767. (Scholar)
• –––, 1995, “Peirce’s Logic”, in Ketner 1995: 23–31. (Scholar)
• Roberts, Don Davis, 1973, The Existential Graphs of Charles S. Peirce, The Hague: Mouton. (Scholar)
• Savan, David, 1987 [1988], An Introduction to C. S. Peirce’s Full System of Semeiotic, Toronto, Toronto Semiotic Circle. Revised edition 1988. (Scholar)
• Schröder, Ernst, 1880, Review of Frege 1879, Zeitschrift für Mathematik und Physik, Historisch-literarische Abt, 25: 81–94. (Scholar)
• –––, 1890–1905, Vorlesungen über die Algebra der Logik, 3 volumes, Leipzig : B. G. Teubner. (Scholar)
• Shin, Sun-joo, 1997, “Kant’s Syntheticity Revisited by Peirce”, Synthese, 113(1): 1–41. doi:10.1023/a:1005068218051 (Scholar)
• –––, 2002, The Iconic Logic of Peirce’s Graphs, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2012, “How Do Existential Graphs Show What They Show?”, in Das bildnerische Denken: Charles S. Peirce, Franz Engel, Moritz Queisner, and Tullio Viola (eds), Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 219–233. doi:10.1524/9783050062532.219 (Scholar)
• Short, T. L., 2007, Peirce’s Theory of Signs, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511498350 (Scholar)
• Sowa, John F., 1984, Conceptual Structure: Information Processing in Mind and Machine, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. (Scholar)
• Tarski, Alfred, 1941, “On the Calculus of Relations”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, 6(3): 73–89. doi:10.2307/2268577 (Scholar)
• Van Evra, James, 1997, “Logic and Mathematics in Charles Sanders Peirce’s ‘Description of a Notation for the Logic of Relatives’”, in Houser, Roberts, and Van Evra 1997: 147–157 (ch. 8). (Scholar)
• Van Heijenoort, Jean, 1967, “Logic as Calculus and Logic as Language”, Synthese, 17(1): 324–330. doi:10.1007/bf00485036 (Scholar)
• Zeman, J. Jay, 1964, The Graphical Logic of C. S. Peirce, Ph.D. thesis, University of Chicago. (Scholar)
• –––, 1986, “Peirce’s Philosophy of Logic”, Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 22(1): 1–22. (Scholar)