A. Major Chinese Sources Cited by Title or Abbreviation

• [BXZY] Beixi ziyi 北溪字義, by Chen Chun 陳淳 (1159–1223), cited by section number in the English translation below.
  • Chen Chun陳淳, 1983, Beixi ziyi 北溪字義, Beijing: Zhonghua shuju (Chinese edition). (Scholar)
  • Ch’en, Ch’un, 1986, Neo-Confucian Terms Explained (the Pei-Hsi Tzu-I), Wing-tsit Chan (trans.), New York: Columbia University Press (English translation). (Scholar)
• [CXL] Chuanxi lu 傳習錄, by Wang Yangming 王陽明 (1472–1529), cited by section number in the English translation below.
  • Wang Yangming 王陽明, “Chuanxi lu 傳習錄”, in Wang Yangming 王陽明, Wang Yangming quanji 王陽明全集, Shanghai: Shanghai guji chuban she, 1–143, 1992 (Chinese edition). (Scholar)
  • Wang, Yang-ming, Instructions for Practical Living, Wing-tsit Chan (trans.), New York: Columbia University Press, 1963 (English translation). (Scholar)
• [DSQXL] Dasheng qixin lun 大乘起信論, attributed to Aśavaghoṣa, cited by Taishō numbers in the Chinese edition below.
  • Taishō shinshū dai zōkyō 大正新脩大藏經, (Chinese edition available online).
  • Treatise on Awakening Mahāyāna Faith, John Jorgensen, Dan Lusthaus, John Makeham, and Mark Strange (trans.), New York: Oxford University Press, 2019 (English translation). (Scholar)
• [HNCSYS] Henan Chengshi yishu 河南程氏遺書, by Cheng Hao 程顥 (1032–1085) and Cheng Yi 程頤 (1033–1107), cited by juan and page number in the Chinese edition below.
  • Cheng Hao 程顥 and Cheng Yi 程頤, “Henan Chengshi yishu 河南程氏遺書”, in Cheng Hao 程顥 and Cheng Yi 程頤, Ercheng ji 二程集, vol. 1., Wang Xiaoyu 王孝魚 (ed.), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1–349, 1981 (Chinese edition).
• [JSL] Jinsi lu 近思錄, edited by Zhu Xi 朱熹 (1130–1200) and Lü Zuqian 呂祖謙 (1137–1181), cited by chapter and section number in the English translation below.
  • Zhu Xi 朱熹and Lü Zuqian 呂祖, 謙Jinsi Lu 近思錄, Zhengzhou: Zhongzhou guji chuban she, 2008 (Chinese edition). (Scholar)
  • Chu, Hsi, and Lü, Tsu-ch’ien, Reflections on Things at Hand, Wing-tsit Chan (trans.), New York: Columbia University Press, 1965 (English translation). (Scholar)
• [Mencius] Mengzi 孟子, attributed to Mengzi 孟子 (4^th century BCE), cited by book and section number in the following editions.
  • Mengzi zhengyi 孟子正義, Jiao Xun焦循 (comm. and ed.), Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1987 (Chinese edition). (Scholar)
  • Mengzi: With Selections from Traditional Commentaries, Bryan Van Norden (trans.), Cambridge, MA: Hackett Publishing, 2008 (English translation). (Scholar)
• [MRXA] Mingru xue’an 明儒學案, by Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲 (1610–1695), cited by juan and page number in the Chinese edition below.
  • Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲, Mingru xue’an 明儒學案, vols. 1–4, Taibei: Zhonghua shuju, 1965 (Chinese edition).
  • Huang Zongxi, The Records of the Ming Scholars, Julia Ching (trans. and ed.), Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1987 (partial English translation). (Scholar)
• [MYDFL] Mingyi daifanglu 明夷待訪錄, by Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲 (1610–1695).
  • Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲, Mingyi daifanglu 明夷待訪錄, Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 2011 (Chinese edition). (Scholar)
  • Huang, Zongxi, Waiting for the Dawn, Wm. Theodore de Bary (trans.). New York: Columbia University Press, 1993 (English translation). (Scholar)
• [SYXA] Song-Yuan xue’an 宋元學案, by Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲 (1610–1695).
  • Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲, Song-Yuan xue’an 宋元學案, vols. 1–4, Huang Zongxi 黃宗羲, edited and supplemented by Quan Zuwang 全祖望, Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1986–2012 (Chinese edition).
• [Xunzi] Xunzi 荀子, attributed to Xunzi 荀子 (c. 310–c. 221 BCE), cited according to numbering system for the following Chinese edition (and the page number in the English edition is in brackets).
  • Xunzi zhuzi suoyin 荀子逐字索引, D.C. Lau, D.C. 劉殿爵 and F.C. Chen 陳方正 (eds.), Hong Kong: Shangwu yinshu guan, 1996 (Chinese edition). (Scholar)
  • Xunzi: The Complete Text, Eric L. Hutton (trans.), Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014 (English translation). (Scholar)
• [ZM] Zhengmeng 正蒙, by Zhang Zai 張載 (1020–1077), cited by juan and page number in the Chinese edition below.
  • Zhang Zai 張載, Zhang Zai ji 張載集, Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1978 (Chinese edition).
• [ZZYL] Zhuzi yulei 朱子語類, by Zhu Xi 朱熹 (1130–1200), cited by juan and (when necessary) page number in the Chinese edition below.
  • Zhu Xi 朱熹, Zhuzi yulei 朱子語類, Beijing: Zhonghua shuju, 1986 (Chinese edition).

B. Others Sources Cited by Author and Date

• Adler, Joseph A., 2014, Reconstructing the Confucian Dao: Zhu Xi’s Appropriation of Zhou Dunyi, Albany, NY: SUNY Press. (Scholar)
• Angle, Stephen C., 2002, Human Rights and Chinese Thought: A Cross-Cultural Inquiry, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511499227 (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, “Buddhism and Zhu Xi’s Epistemology of Discernment”, in Makeham 2018b: 156–192. (Scholar)
• Angle, Stephen C. and Justin Tiwald, 2017, Neo-Confucianism: A Philosophical Introduction, Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. (Scholar)
• Araki, Kengo 荒木見悟, 2008. Fojiao yu Rujiao 佛教與儒, Liao Zhaoheng寥肇亨 (trans.), Taibei: Lianjing chubanshe. (Scholar)
• Birdwhistell, Anne, 1989, Transition to Neo-Confucianism: Shao Yung on Knowledge and Symbols of Reality, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. (Scholar)
• Bol, Peter K., 2008, Neo-Confucianism in History, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asian Center. (Scholar)
• Brown, Miranda, 2011, “Returning the Gaze: An Experiment in Reviving Gu Yanwu (1613–1682)”, Fragments, 1: 41–77. [Brown 2011 available online] (Scholar)
• Cai, Zhenfeng 蔡振豐, 2009, “Zhuzi dui Fojiao de lijie ji qi xianzhi 朱子對佛教的理解及其限制”, in Zhenfeng Cai 蔡振豐 (ed.), Dongya Zhuzixue de quanshi yu fazhan 東亞朱子學的詮釋與發展, Taibei: Taiwan daxue chuban xin. (Scholar)
• Chan, Wing-tsit, 1989, Chu Hsi: New Studies, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. (Scholar)
• Chen, Lai 陳來, 1987, Zhu Xi zhexue yanjiu 朱熹哲學研究, Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue. (Scholar)
• –––, 1991, Youwu zhi jing—Wang Yangming zhexue de jingshen 有無之境－王陽明哲學的精神, Beijing: Renmin chuban she. (Scholar)
• –––, 2010, Song Yuan Ming zhexue shi jiaocheng 宋元明哲學史教程, Beijing: Shenghuo, dushu, xinzhi sanlian shudian. (Scholar)
• Cheng, Chung-ying, 1991, “Li-Ch’i and Li-Yü Relationships in Seventeenth-Century Neo-Confucian Philosophy”, in Chung-ying Cheng (ed.), New Dimensions of Confucian and Neo-Confucian Philosophy, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, pp. 504–36. (Scholar)
• Cheng, Yu-yin (trans. and ed.), 2001, “Selected Writings by Luo Rufang (1515-1588)”,in Susan Mann and Yu-yin Cheng (eds.), Under Confucian Eyes: Writings on Gender in Chinese History, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, pp. 103-18. (Scholar)
• Chu, Hsi (Zhu Xi), 1990, Learning to Be a Sage: Selections from the Conversations of Master Chu, Arranged Topically, Gardner, Daniel K. (trans. and ed.), Berkeley: University of California Press. (Scholar)
• Dai, Zhen 戴震, 2009, Dai Zhen ji 戴震集, Shanghai: Shanghai guji chubanshe. (Scholar)
• de Bary, Wm. Theodore, 1970, “Individualism and Humanitarianism in Late Ming Thought”, in Wm. Theodore de Bary (ed.), Self and Society in Ming Thought, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 145–248. (Scholar)
• –––, 2011, “Waiting for the Dawn: Huang Zongxi’s Critique of the Chinese Dynastic System”, in Finding Wisdom in East Asian Classics, edited by Wm. Theodore de Bary, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 199–208. (Scholar)
• Fu, Charles Wei-hsun, 1986, “Chu Hsi on Buddhism,” in Wing-tsit Chan (ed.), Chu Hsi and Neo-Confucianism, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 377-407. (Scholar)
• Fuji, Michiaki 藤井倫明, 2011, Zhu Xi sixiang jiegou tansuo 朱熹思想結構探索,Taibei: Taida chuban zhongxin. (Scholar)
• Graham, A. C., 1992, Two Chinese Philosophers, La Salle: Open Court. (Scholar)
• Gregory, Peter N., 2002, Tsung-Mi and the Sinification of Buddhism, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. (Scholar)
• Gu, Yanwu, 2017, Record of Daily Knowledge and Collected Poems and Essays, Ian Johnston (trans. and ed.), New York: Columbia University Press. (Scholar)
• Ivanhoe, Philip J., 2000, Confucian Moral Self Cultivation, 2^nd edition, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. (Scholar)
• –––, 2002, Ethics in the Confucian Tradition: The Thought of Mengzi and Wang Yangming, rev. 2^nd edition, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. (Scholar)
• –––, 2009, Readings from the Lu-Wang School of Neo-Confucianism, Philip J. Ivanhoe (trans. and ed.), Cambridge, MA: Hackett Publishing. (Scholar)
• –––, 2016, Three Streams: Confucian Reflections on Learnings and the Moral Heart-Mind in China, Korea, and Japan, New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, Oneness: East Asian Conceptions of Virtue, Happiness, and How We Are All Connected, New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190840518.001.0001 (Scholar)
• Jorgensen, John, 2018, “The Radiant Mind: Zhu Xi and the Chan Doctrine of Tathāgatagarbha,” in Makeham 2018b: 36–121. (Scholar)
• Kasoff, Ira E., 1984, The Thought of Chang Tsai (1020–1077), New York: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511558511 (Scholar)
• Kim, Youngmin, 2008, “Cosmogony and Political Philosophy,” Philosophy East&West, 58(1):108-25. (Scholar)
• Lee, Pauline C., 2012, Li Zhi, Confucianism, and the Virtue of Desire, Albany, NY: SUNY Press (Scholar)
• Lee, Ming-huei, 2017, Confucianism: Its Roots and Global Significance, Davide Jones (ed.), Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press. (Scholar)
• Liu, JeeLoo, 2010, “Wang Fuzhi’s Philosophy of Principle (Li) Inherent in Qi”, in Makeham 2010: 355–379. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2930-0_17">10.1007/978-90-481-2930-0_17 (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, Neo-Confucianism: Metaphysics, Mind, and Morality, Malden, MA: Wiley & Sons. (Scholar)
• Liu, Youming 劉又銘, 2000, Li zai qi zhong: Luo Qinshun, Wang Tingxiang, Gu Yanwu, Dai Zhen qiben lun yanjiu 理在氣中: 羅欽順, 王廷相, 顧炎武, 戴震氣本論研究, Taibei: Wunan tushu chuban she. (Scholar)
• Liu, Zhenwei 劉振維, 2003, “Luelun Zhu Xi ‘renxing benshan’ shuo yu fojiao zhongguo wenhuazhong zhi ‘foxing’ de guanlian—yi Zhu Xi Sishu jizhu yu Guifeng Zongmi Huayan Yuanren lun wei li ” 略論朱熹「人性本善」說與佛教中國化中之「佛性」的關聯—以朱熹《四書集注》與圭峰宗密《華嚴原人論》為例, Zhexue yu wenhua 哲學與文化, 349: 43–60. (Scholar)
• Lu, Xiangshan 陸象山, 1980, Lu Jiuyuan ji 陸九淵集, Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. (Scholar)
• Luo, Rufang 羅汝芳, 2007, Luo Rufang ji 羅汝芳集, Fang Zuyou 方祖猷, Liang Yiqun 梁一群, Li Qinglong 李慶龍, et al. (eds.), Nanjing: Fenghuang chubanshe. (Scholar)
• Makeham, John (ed.), 2003a, New Confucianism: A Critical Examination, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. doi:10.1057/9781403982414 (Scholar)
• –––, 2003b, Transmitters and Creators: Chinese Commentators and Commentaries on the Analects, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center. (Scholar)
• ––– (ed.), 2010, Dao Companion to Neo-Confucian Philosophy, Dordrecht: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2930-0 (Scholar)
• –––, 2018a, “Monism and the Problem of the Ignorance and Badness in Chinese Buddhism and Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism”, in Makeham 2018b: 277–344. (Scholar)
• ––– (ed.), 2018b, The Buddhist Roots of Zhu Xi’s Philosophical Thought, New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780190878559.001.0001 (Scholar)
• Niu, Pu, 1998, “Confucian Statecraft in Song China: Ye Shi and the Yongjia School”, PhD dissertation, Tempe, AZ: Arizona State University. (Scholar)
• Ong, Chang Woei, 2006, “The Principles are Many: Wang Tingxiang and Intellectual Transition in Mid-Ming China”, Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 66(2): 461–493. (Scholar)
• Peng, Guoxiang 彭國翔, 2003, Liangzhi xue de zhankai—Wang Longxi yu zhongwanming de Yangmingxue 良知學的展開—王龍溪與中晚明的陽明學, Taibei: Taiwan xuesheng shuju. (Scholar)
• Peterson, Willard, 1998, “Confucian Learning in Late Ming Thought”, in The Cambridge History of China, vol. 8, part 2, Denis Twitchett and Frederick W. Mote (eds.), New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 708–788. (Scholar)
• Qi, Xia 漆侠, 1982, Songdai jingji shi 宋代經濟史, Shanghai: Shanghai renmin. (Scholar)
• Shun, Kwong-loi, 2010, “Zhu Xi’s Moral Psychology”, in Makeham 2010: 177–195. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2930-0_9 (Scholar)
• Smith, Kidder, Peter K. Bol, Joseph A. Adler, and Don J. Wyatt, 1990, Sung Dynasty Uses of the I Ching, Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
• Tillman, Hoyt Cleveland, 1982, Utilitarian Confucianism: Ch’en Liang’s Challenge to Chu Hsi, Cambridge, MA: Council on East Asian Studies. (Scholar)
• Tiwald, Justin, 2012, “Dai Zhen’s Defense of Self-Interest”, Journal of Chinese Philosophy, 38(s1): 29–45. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6253.2012.01687.x (Scholar)
• –––, 2016, “Xunzi Among the Chinese Neo-Confucians”, in Dao Companion to the Philosophy of Xunzi, Eric L. Hutton (ed.), Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 435–473. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7745-2_15 (Scholar)
• –––, 2018a, “Zhu Xi’s Critique of Buddhism: Selfishness, Salvation, Self-Cultivation”, in Makeham 2018b: 122–155. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018b, “Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism”, Oxford Handbook of Virtue, Nancy E. Snow (ed.), New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 171–189. (Scholar)
• –––, 2019, “On the View that People and Not Institutions Bear Primary Credit for Success in Governance: Confucian Arguments”, Journal of Confucian Philosophy and Culture, 32: 65–97. [Tiwald 2019 available online] (Scholar)
• Tiwald, Justin and Bryan W. Van Norden (eds.), 2014, Readings in Later Chinese Philosophy: Han to the Twentieth Century, Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. (Scholar)
• Van Norden, Bryan W., 2007, Virtue Ethics and Consequentialism in Early Chinese Philosophy, New York: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511497995 (Scholar)
• Wyatt, Don J., 1996, The Recluse of Loyang: Shao Yung and the Moral Evolution of Early Sung Thought, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. (Scholar)
• Xiao, Gongquan蕭公權, 1982, Zhongguo zhengzhi sixiang shi 中國政治思想史 , vol. 2., Taibei: Lianjing chubanshe. (Scholar)
• Xie, Bingying 謝冰瑩, 2003, Xinyi sishu duben 新譯四書讀本, Tabei: Sanmin shuju. (Scholar)
• Yang, Rur-bin, 2015, “Reverence and Quietude in Neo-Confucianism”, in Halvor Eifring (ed.), Meditation and Culture: The Interplay of Practice and Context, London: Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 76–101. (Scholar)
• Zhu Xi, 2019, Zhu Xi: Selected Writings, Philip J. Ivanhoe (ed.), New York: Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Ziporyn, Brook A., 2018, “The Ti-Yong 體用 Model and Its Discontents: Models of Ambiguous Priority in Chinese Buddhism and Zhu Xi’s Neo-Confucianism”, in Makeham 2018b: 193–276. (Scholar)
• Zuo, Ya, 2019, “Zhang Zai’s (1020–1077) Critique of the Senses”, Journal of Chinese History, 3(1): 83–111. doi:10.1017/jch.2018.17 (Scholar)