The number of papers, anthologies, and monographs has been growing immensely since the beginning of the 1990s. It might be useful to highlight that in existing literature, Kühne (2006) remains the most substantial historical study on the philosophical exploration of thought experiments. And Sorensen (1992) remains the most comprehensive philosophical study of thought experiments. More than other monographs both of these studies well exceed the author’s own systematic contribution to what is widely considered the primary epistemological challenge presented by thought experiments. Also, this bibliography does not include the many (we count about eight) popular books on thought experiments (like Wittgenstein’s Beetle and Other Classical Thought Experiments by Martin Cohen); nor do we list fiction that is related to the subject (like The End of Mr. Y by Scarlett Thomas, or God’s Debris by Scott Adams). Further, for undergraduate teaching purposes one might want to consider Doing Philosophy: An Introduction Through Thought Experiments (edited by Theodore Schick, Jr. and Lewis Vaughn, fifth edition, 2012, Boston: McGraw Hill Higher Education). Moreover, a number of philosophical journals have dedicated part or all of an issue to the topic of thought experiments, including the Croatian Journal of Philosophy (19/VII, 2007), Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie (1/59, 2011), Informal Logic (3/17, 1995), Philosophica (1/72, 2003), Perspectives on Science (2/22, 2014), Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte (1/38, 2015)), as well as TOPOI (4/38, 2019) and HOPOS (1/11, 2021). Furthermore, a companion to thought experiments exists now: The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments was published in 2017, and an introduction to thought experiments by Nenad Miščević: Thought Experiments (Springer, 2021). Each includes substantial state of the art reports. The bibliography that follows aims to list only publications that address thought experiments as such. Not included are the many specialized papers that discuss a particular thought experiment in its systematic contribution to the discussion of a particular issue (such as Putnam’s twin earth scenario to support semantic externalism). An exception is made, of course, when such work is cited.

• Aligica, Paul D., and Anthony J. Evans, 2009, “Thought Experiments, Counterfactuals and Comparative Analysis”, The Review of Austrian Economics, 22: 225–239. (Scholar)
• Andreas, Holger, 2011, “Zur Wissenschaftslogik von Gedankenexperimenten”, Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie, 59: 75–91. (Scholar)
• Arthur, Richard, 1999, “On Thought Experiments as A Priori Science”, International Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 13: 215–229. (Scholar)
• Bailey, Cyril, 1950, Lucretius on the Nature of Things (translation of De Rerum Naturae), ninth reprint, Oxford: Clarendon Press. (Scholar)
• Batens, Diderik, 2008, “On Possibilities and Thought Experiments”, in R. Almeder (ed.), Rescher Studies, Heusenstamm: Ontos Verlag, 29–57. (Scholar)
• Bealer, George, 1998, “Intuition and the Autonomy of Philosophy”, in M. DePaul and W. Ramsey (eds.), Rethinking Intuition: The Psychology of Intuition & Its Role in Philosophical Inquiry, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 201–239. (Scholar)
• –––, 2002, “Modal Epistemology and the Rationalist Renaissance”, in T. S. Gendler and J. Hawthorne (eds.), Conceivability and Possibility, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 71–125. (Scholar)
• Beck, Simon, 1992, “Should we Tolerate People who Split?”, Southern Journal of Philosophy, 30: 1–17. (Scholar)
• –––, 2006, “These Bizarre Fictions: Thought Experiments, Our Psychology and Our Selves”, Philosophical Papers, 35: 29–54. (Scholar)
• Becker, Alexander, 2018, “Thought Experiments in Plato”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 44–56. (Scholar)
• Behmel, Albrecht, 2001, Was sind Gedankenexperimente? Kontrafaktische Annahmen in der Philosophie des Geistes – der Turingtest und das Chinesische Zimmer, Stuttgart: Ibidem. (Scholar)
• Beisbart, Claus, 2012, “How can Computer Simulations Produce New Knowledge?”, European Journal for Philosophy of Science, 2: 395–434. (Scholar)
• Belkin, Aron, and Tetlock, Philip E. (eds.), 1996, World Politics: Logical, Methodological, and Psychological Perspectives, Princeton: Princeton University Press. (Scholar)
• Bishop, Michael, 1998, “An Epistemological Role for Thought Experiments”, in N. Shanks (ed.), Idealization IX: Idealization in Contemporary Physics, Amsterdam/Atlanta, GA: Rodopoi, 19–33. (Scholar)
• –––, 1999, “Why Thought Experiments are Not Arguments”, Philosophy of Science, 66: 534–541. (Scholar)
• Bokulich, Alisa, 2001, “Rethinking Thought Experiments”, Perspectives on Science, 9: 285–307. (Scholar)
• Boniolo, Giovanni, 1997, “On a Unified Theory of Models and Thought Experiments in Natural sciences”, International Studies in Philosophy of Science, 11: 121–142. (Scholar)
• Borsboom, Denny, et al., 2002, “Functional Thought Experiments”, Synthese, 130: 379–387. (Scholar)
• Borstner, Bojan, and Gartner Smiljana (eds.), 2017, Thought Experiments between Nature and Society, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. (Scholar)
• Brendel, Elke, 1999, “Gedankenexperimente als Motor der Wissenschaftsdynamik”, in J. Mittelstraß (ed.), Die Zukunft des Wissens. XVIII. Deutscher Kongress für Philosophie, Konstanz: UVK, 785–792. (Scholar)
• –––, 2004, “Intuition Pumps and the Proper Use of Thought Experiments”, Dialectica, 58: 88–108. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, “The Argument View: Are Thought Experiments Mere Picturesque Arguments?”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 281–293. (Scholar)
• Brooks, David H. M., 1994, “The Method of Thought Experiment”, Metaphilosophy, 25: 71–83. (Scholar)
• Brown, James Robert, 1986, “Thought Experiments since the Scientific Revolution”, International Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 1: 1–15. (Scholar)
• –––, 1991 [2011], Laboratory of the Mind: Thought Experiments in the Natural Sciences, London: Routledge, Second Edition. (Scholar)
• –––, 1999 [2008], Philosophy of Mathematics: A Contemporary Introduction to the World of Proofs and Pictures, London and New York: Routledge, second edition. (Scholar)
• –––, 2004, “Why Thought Experiments Do Transcend Empiricism”, in C. Hitchcock (ed.), Contemporary Debates in the Philosophy of Science, Malden, MA: Blackwell, 23–43. (Scholar)
• –––, 2004b, “Peeking into Plato’s Heaven”, Philosophy of Science, 71: 1126–1138. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007, “Counter Thought Experiments”, Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 61, 82: 155–177. (Scholar)
• –––, 2011, “Über das Leben im Labor des Geistes”, Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie, 59: 65–73. (Scholar)
• Bunzl, Martin, 1996, “The Logic of Thought Experiments”, Synthese, 106: 227–240. (Scholar)
• Buschlinger, Wolfgang, 1993, Denkkapriolen. Gedankenexperimente in Naturwissenschaften, Ethik und Philosophy of Mind, Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. (Scholar)
• Butkovic, Ana, 2007, “What is the Function of Thought Experiments: Kuhn vs. Brown”, Croatian Journal of Philosophy, VII: 63–67. (Scholar)
• Buzzoni, Marco, 2004, Esperimento Ed Esperimento Mentale, Milano: FrankoAngeli. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007, “Zum Verhältnis zwischen Experiment und Gedankenexperiment in den Naturwissenschaften”, Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 38: 219–237. (Scholar)
• –––, 2008, Thought Experiment in the Natural Sciences, Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. (Scholar)
• –––, 2011, “Kant und das Gedankenexperimentieren”, Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie, 59: 93–107. (Scholar)
• –––, 2011b, “On Mathematical Thought Experiments”, Epistemologia: Italian Journal for Philosophy of Science, XXXIV: 61–88. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013, “Thought Experiments from a Kantian Point of View”, in M. Frappier et al. (ed.), Thought Experiments in Science, Philosophy, and the Arts, New York and London: Routledge, 90–106. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013b, “On Thought Experiments and the Kantian A Priori in the Natural Sciences: A Reply to Yiftach J. H. Fehige”, Epistemologia: Italian Journal for Philosophy of Science, XXXVI: 277–293. (Scholar)
• –––, 2015, “Causality, Teleology, and Thought Experiments in Biology”, Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 46: 279–299. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, “Pierre Duhem and Ernst Mach on Thought Experiments”, HOPOS: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science, 8: 1–27. (Scholar)
• Camilleri, Kristian, 2012, “Toward a Constructivist Epistemology of Thought Experiments in Science”, Synthese, 191: 1697–1716. (Scholar)
• Cargile, James, 1987, “Definitions and Counterexamples”, Philosophy, 62: 179–193. (Scholar)
• Chandrasekharan, Sanjay et al, 2013, “Computational Modeling: Is This the End of Thought Experiments in Science?”, in M. Frappier et al. (eds.), Thought Experiments in Philosophy, Science, and the Arts, London: Routledge, 239–260. (Scholar)
• Clark, Stephen R. L., 1992, “Where have all the Angels Gone?”, Religious Studies, 28: 221–234. (Scholar)
• Clatterbuck, Hayley, 2013, “The Epistemology of Thought Experiments: A Non-eliminativist, Non-platonic Account”, European Journal for Philosophy of Science, 3: 309–329. (Scholar)
• Cohnitz, Daniel, 2002, “Modal Scepticism: Philosophical Thought Experiments and Modal Epistemology”, Vienna Circle Yearbook, 10: 281–296. (Scholar)
• –––, 2006a, Gedankenexperimente in der Philosophie, Paderborn: mentis. (Scholar)
• –––, 2006b, “Poor Thought Experiments? A Comment on Peijnenburg and Atkinson”, Journal for General Philosophy of Science, 37: 373–392. (Scholar)
• –––, 2008, “Ørsteds Gedankenexperiment: Eine Kantianische Fundierung der Infinitesmalrechnung? Ein Beitrag zur Begriffsgeschichte von ‘Gedankenexperiment’ und zur Mathematikgeschichte des frühen 19. Jarhunderts”, Kant-Studien, 99: 407–433. (Scholar)
• Cole, David, 1984, “Thought and Thought Experiment”, Philosophical Studies, 45: 431–444. (Scholar)
• Cooper, Rachel, 2005, “Thought Experiments”, Metaphilosophy, 36: 328–347. (Scholar)
• Corcilius, Klaus, 2018, “Aristotle and Thought Experiments”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 57–76. (Scholar)
• Cowley, Robert (ed.), 1999, What-If? The World’s Most Foremost Military Historians Imagine What Might Have Been, New York: Putnam. (Scholar)
• ––– (ed.), 2001, More What-If?: Eminent Historians Imagine What Might Have Been, New York: Putnam. (Scholar)
• Crick, Nathan, 2004, “Conquering our Imagination: Thought Experiments and Enthymemes in Scientific Argument”, Philosophy and Rhetoric, 37: 21–41. (Scholar)
• Daiber, Jürgen, 2001, Experimentalphysik des Geistes: Novalis und das romantische Experiment, Göttingen: Vadenhoeck & Ruprecht. (Scholar)
• Dancy, Jonathan, 1985, “The Role of Imaginary Cases in Ethics”, Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 66: 141–153. (Scholar)
• Davenport, Edward A., 1983, “Literature as Thought Experiment (On Aiding and Abetting the Muse)”, Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 13: 279–306. (Scholar)
• Davies, David, 2007, “Thought Experiments and Fictional Narratives”, Croatian Journal of Philosophy, VII: 29–45. (Scholar)
• De Baere, Benoit, 2003, “Thought Experiments, Rhetoric, and Possible Worlds”, Philosophica, 72: 105–130. (Scholar)
• De Mey, Tim, 2003, “The Dual Nature View of Thought Experiments”, Philosophica, 72: 61–78. (Scholar)
• –––, 2005a, “Remodeling the Past”, Foundations of Science, 10: 47–66. (Scholar)
• –––, 2005b, “Tales of the Unexpected: Incongruity-Resolution in Humour Comprehension, Scientific Discovery and Thought Experimentation”, Logic and Logical Philosophy, 14: 69–88. (Scholar)
• –––, 2006, “Imagination’s Grip on Science”, Metaphilosophy, 37: 222–239. (Scholar)
• Dennett, Daniel C., 1984, Elbow Room: The Varieties of Free Will Worth Wanting, Cambridge: MIT Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 1991, Consciousness Explained, New York: Little Brown. (Scholar)
• –––, 1995, “Intuition Pumps”, in J. Brockman (ed.), The Third Culture, New York et al.: Simon & Schuster, 181–197. (Scholar)
• –––, 2005, Sweet Dreams, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. (Scholar)
• DePaul, Michael, and William Ramsey (eds.), 2002, Rethinking Intuition: The Psychology of Intuition & Its Role in Philosophical Inquiry, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. (Scholar)
• Diamond, Cora, 2002, “What if X Isn’t the Number of Sheep? Wittgenstein and Thought-Experiments in Ethics”, Philosophical Papers, 31: 227–250. (Scholar)
• Di Paolo, E. A. et al., 2000, “Simulation Models as Opaque Thought Experiments”, in M. A. McCaskill et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Artificial Life, Cambridge: MIT Press, 497–506. (Scholar)
• Ducheyne, Steffen, 2006, “The Argument(s) for Universal Gravitation”, Foundations of Science, 11: 419–447. (Scholar)
• Duhem, Pierre, 1913, La théorie physique son objet et sa structure, 2^nd edition, Paris: Chevalier & Rivière, used here in reprint of 1981, Paris: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin (translated by P. Weiner, 1960, Aim and Structure of Physical Theory, Princeton: Princeton University Press). (Scholar)
• El Skaf, Rawad, and Cyrille Imbert, 2013, “Unfolding in the Empirical Sciences: Experiments, Thought Experiments and Computer Simulations”, Synthese, 190: 3451–3474. (Scholar)
• Elgin, Catherine Z., 1993, “Understanding: Art and Science”, Synthese, 95: 13–28. (Scholar)
• –––, 1993b, “True Enough”, in Ernest Sosa and Enrique Villanueva (eds.), Epistemology: Philosophical Issues: Volume 14, Boston, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 113–131. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007, “The Laboratory of the Mind”, in J. Gibson (ed.), A Sense of the World: Essays on Fiction, Narrative and Knowledge, Oxon: Routledge-Taylor Francis, 43–54. (Scholar)
• –––, 2014, “Fiction as Thought Experiment”, Perspectives on Science, 22: 221–241. (Scholar)
• Fehige, Yiftach J. H., 2011, “Gedankenexperimente in der Offenbarungstheologie? Eine erste Annäherung”, Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie, 59: 109–129. (Scholar)
• –––, 2012, “Experiments of Pure Reason. Kantianism and Thought Experiments in Science”, Epistemologia: Italian Journal for Philosophy of Science, 35: 141–160. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013a, “Poems of Productive Imagination: Thought Experiments, Theology, and Science in Novalis”, Neue Zeitschrift für Systematische Theologie und Religionsphilosophie, 55: 54–83. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013b, “The Relativized A Priori and the Laboratory of the Mind: Towards a Neo-Kantian Account of Thought Experiments in Science”, Epistemologia: Italian Journal for Philosophy of Science, 36: 55–63. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, “Thought Experiments and Theology”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 183–194. (Scholar)
• –––, and Harald Wiltsche, 2013, “The Body, Thought Experiments, and Phenomenology”, in M. Frappier et al. (eds.), Thought Experiments in Philosophy, Science, and the Arts, London: Routledge, 69–89. (Scholar)
• –––, and Michael T. Stuart, 2014, “Origins of the Philosophy of Thought Experiments: The Forerun”, Perspectives on Science, 22: 179–220. (Scholar)
• Fisch, Menachem, 2017, Creatively Undecided: Toward a History and Philosophy of Scientific Agency, Chicago: Chicago University Press. (Scholar)
• –––, 2019, “Gulliver and the Rabbis: Counterfactual Truth in Science and the Talmud”, Religions: An Open Access Journal of Theology, https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10030228. (Scholar)
• Focquaert, Farah, 2003, “Personal Identity and its Boundaries: Philosophical Thought Experiments”, Philosophica, 72: 131–152. (Scholar)
• Fodor, Jerry, 1964, “On Knowing What We Would Say”, Philosophical Review, 73: 198–212. (Scholar)
• Frappier, Melanie, and Letitia Meynell, and James Robert Brown (eds.), 2013, Thought Experiments in Philosophy, Science, and the Arts, London: Routledge. (Scholar)
• Fuhrer, Therese, 2007, “Der Geist im Vollkommenen Körper: Ein Gedankenexperiment in Augustins De civitate 22”, in D. Frede and B. Reis (eds.), Body and Soul in Ancient Philosophy, Berlin: de Gruyter, 465–491. (Scholar)
• Gähde, Ulrich, 2000, “Gedankenexperimente in Erkenntnistheorie und Physik: Strukturelle Parallelen”, in J. Nida-Rümlin, Rationalität, Realismus, Revision, Berlin: de Gruyter, 457–464. (Scholar)
• Gendler, Tamar S., 1998, “Galileo and the Indispensability of Scientific Thought Experiment”,The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 49:397–424. (Scholar)
• –––, 2000, Thought Experiment: On the Powers and Limits of Imaginary Cases, New York: Garland Press (now Routledge). (Scholar)
• –––, 2002a, “Personal Identity and Thought-Experiments”, Philosophical Quarterly, 52: 34–54. (Scholar)
• –––, 2002b, “Thought Experiment”, Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science, New York; London: Nature/Routledge. (Scholar)
• –––, 2004, “Thought Experiments Rethought— and Reperceived”, Philosophy of Science, 71: 1152–1164. (Scholar)
• –––, 2005, “Thought Experiments in Science”, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, New York: MacMillan. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007, “Philosophical Thought Experiments, Intuitions, and Cognitive Equilibrium”, Midwest Studies in Philosophy of Science, 31: 68–89. (Scholar)
• Gendler, Tamar S., and John Hawthorne (eds.), 2002, Conceivability and Possibility. New York/Oxford: Clarendon/Oxford University Press. (Scholar)
• Genz, Henning, 1999, Gedankenexperimente, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. (Scholar)
• Georgiou, Andreas, 2007, “An Embodied Cognition View of Imagery-Based Reasoning in Science: Lessons from Thought Experiments”, Croatian Journal of Philosophy, VII: 29–45. (Scholar)
• Glas, Eduard, 1999, “Thought Experimentation and Mathematical Innovation”, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 30: 1–19. (Scholar)
• Gomila, Antoni, 1991, “What is a Thought Experiment?”, Metaphilosophy, 22: 84–92. (Scholar)
• Gooding, David C., 1992, “The Cognitive Turn, or, Why Do Thought Experiments Work?”, in R. N. Giere (ed.), Cognitive Models of Science, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 45–76. (Scholar)
• –––, 1993, “What is Experimental About Thought Experiments?”, Proceedings of the Philosophy of Science Association, 2: 280–290. (Scholar)
• –––, 1994, “Imaginary Science”, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 45: 1029–1045. (Scholar)
• –––, 1999, “Thought Experiments”, in E. Craig (ed.), Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Volume 9, London: Routledge, 392–397. (Scholar)
• Grant, Edward, 2007, “Thought Experiments and the Role of the Imagination”, in A History of Natural Philosophy: From the Ancient World to Nineteenth Century, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 200–211. (Scholar)
• Gregersen, Niels H., 2014, “The Role of Thought Experiments in Science and Religion”, in Michael Welker (ed.) Science and Religion: Past and Future, Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang, 129–140. (Scholar)
• Grosdanoff, Boris, 2007, “Reconstruction, Justification and Incompatibility in Norton’s Account of Thought Experiments”, Croatian Journal of Philosophy, VII: 69–79. (Scholar)
• Grundmann, Thomas, 2018, “Plato and the A Priori in Thought Experiments”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 293–308. (Scholar)
• Grudmann, Thomas and Joachim Horvath, 2014, “Thought Experiments and the Problem of Deviant Realisations”, Philosophical Studies, 170(3): 525–533. (Scholar)
• Hacking, Ian, 1993, “Do Thought Experiments have a Life of Their Own?”, Proceedings of the Philosophy of Science Association, 2: 302–308. (Scholar)
• Häggqvist, Sören, 1996, Thought Experiments in Philosophy, Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International. (Scholar)
• –––, 2007, “The A Priori Thesis: A critical Assessment”, Croatian Journal of Philosophy, VII: 47–61. (Scholar)
• –––, 2009, “A Model for Thought Experiments”, Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 39: 56–76. (Scholar)
• Hauerwas, Stanley, 1996,“Virtue, Description, and Friendship: A Thought Experiment in Catholic Moral Theology”, Irish Theological Quarterly, 62: 170–184. (Scholar)
• Helm, Hugh, and John Gilbert, 1985, “Thought Experiments and Physics Education – Part 1”, Physics Education, 20: 124–131. (Scholar)
• Helm, Hugh, and John Gilbert, and Michael D. Watts, 1985, “Thought Experiments and Physics Education – Part 2”, Physics Education, 20: 211–217. (Scholar)
• Herfeld, Catherine, 2019, “Imagination Rather Than Observation in Econometrics: Ragnar Frisch’s Hypothetical Experiments as Thought Experiments”, HOPOS: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science, 9: 35–74. (Scholar)
• Hershenov, David B., 2008, “A Hylomorphic Account of Thought Experiments Concerning Personal Identity”, American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly, 82: 481–502. (Scholar)
• Hintikka, Jaakko, 1999, “The Emperor’s New Intuitions”, The Journal of Philosophy, 96: 127–147. (Scholar)
• Hitchcock, Christopher, 2012, “Thought Experiments, Real Experiments, and the Expertise Objection”, European Journal for Philosophy of Science, 2: 205–218. (Scholar)
• Hopp, Walter, 2014, “Experiments in Thought”, Perspectives on Science, 22: 242–263. (Scholar)
• Horowitz, Tamara, 1998, “Philosophical Intuitions and Psychological Theory”, Ethics, 108: 367–385. (Scholar)
• Horowitz, Tamara, and Gerald Massey (eds.), 1991, Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. (Scholar)
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• Ierodiakonou, Katerina, 2005, “Ancient Thought Experiments: A First Approach”, Ancient Philosophy, 25: 125–140. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, “The Triple Life of Ancient Thought Experiments”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 31–43. (Scholar)
• Ierodiakonou, Katerina, and Sophia Roux (eds.), 2011, Thought Experiments in Methodological and Historical Contexts, Leiden: Brill. (Scholar)
• Inwagen, Peter van, 1998, “Modal Epistemology”, Philosophical Studies, 92: 67–84. (Scholar)
• Irvine, Andrew D., 1991, “Thought Experiments in Scientific Reasoning”, in T. Horowitz and G. Massey (eds.), Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 149–166. (Scholar)
• Jackson, Frank, 1982, “Epiphenomenal Qualia”, Philosophical Quarterly, 32: 27–36. (Scholar)
• –––, 2009, “Thought Experiments and Possibilities”, Analysis, 69: 100–109. (Scholar)
• Jackson, M. W., 1992, “The Gedankenexperiment Method of Ethics”, The Journal of Value Inquiry, 26: 525–535. (Scholar)
• Janis, Allen I., 1991, “Can Thought Experiments Fail?”, in T. Horowitz and G. Massey (eds.), Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 113–118. (Scholar)
• Kalin, Martin G., 1972, “Kant’s Transcendental Arguments as Gedankenexperimente”, Kant Studien, 63: 315–328. (Scholar)
• Kassung, Christian, 2004, “Tichy · 2 = ?: Relativitätstheorie als literarisches Gedankenexperiment”, in T. Macho and A. Wunschel (eds.), Science & Fiction, Frankfurt am Main: Fischer, pp. 17–32. (Scholar)
• Kertesz, Andras, 2015, “The Puzzle of Thought Experiments in Conceptual Metaphor Research”, Foundations of Science, 20: 147–174. (Scholar)
• King, Peter, 1991, “Mediaeval Thought-Experiments: The Metamethodology of Mediaeval Science”, in T. Horowitz and G. Massey (eds.), Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 43–64. (Scholar)
• Klassen, Stephen, 2006, “The Science Thought Experiment: How Might it be Used Profitably in the Classroom?”, Interchange, 37: 77–96. (Scholar)
• Klee, Robert, 2008, “Physical Scale Effects and Philosophical Thought Experiments”, Metaphilosophy, 39: 89–104. (Scholar)
• Knox, Philip, and Jonathan Morton, and Daniel Reeve (eds.), 2018, Medieval Thought Experiments: Poetry, Hypothesis, and Experience in the European Middle Ages, Turnhout, Belgium : Brepols. (Scholar)
• Kolak, Daniel, 1993, “Metaphysics and Metapsychology of Personal Identity: Why Thought Experiments Matter in Deciding Who We Are”, American Philosophical Quarterly, 30: 39–50. (Scholar)
• Koyré, Alexandre, 1968, Metaphysics and Measurement, London: Chapman and Hall. (Scholar)
• Krauthausen, Karin, 2015, “Ermittlung der Empirie: Zu Ernst Machs Methode des Gedankenexperiments”, Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, 38: 15–40. (Scholar)
• Krimsky, Sheldon, 1973, “The Use and Misuse of Critical Gedankenexperimente”, Zeitschrift für allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie, 4: 323–334. (Scholar)
• Kuhn, Thomas S., 1964, “A Function for Thought Experiments”, reprinted in T. Kuhn, The Essential Tension, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977, 240–265. (Scholar)
• Kühne, Ulrich, 2005, Die Methode des Gedankenexperiments, Frankfurt: Suhrkamp. (Scholar)
• Kujundzic, Nebojsa, 1995, “Thought Experiments: Architecture and Economy of Thought”, The Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 26: 86–93. (Scholar)
• –––, 1998, “The Role of Variation in Thought Experiments”, International Studies in the Philosophy of Science, 12: 239–243. (Scholar)
• –––, 2013, “Thought Experiments, Puzzles, and Paradoxes”, Philosophy Study, 3: 750–758. (Scholar)
• Kukkonen, Taneli, 2014, “Ibn Sina and the Early History of Thought Experiments”, Journal of the History of Philosophy, 53: 433–453. (Scholar)
• Laymon, Ronald, 1991, “Thought Experiments of Stevin, Mach and Gouy: Thought Experiments as Ideal Limits and as Semantic Domains”, in T. Horowitz and G. Massey (eds.), Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 167–192. (Scholar)
• Lenhard, Johannes, 2011, “Epistemologie der Iteration: Gedankenexperimente und Simulationsexperimente”, Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie, 59: 131–154. (Scholar)
• Lennox, James G., 1991, “Darwinian Thought Experiments: A Function for Just-So Stories”, in T. Horowitz and G. Massey (eds.), Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy, Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 223–245. (Scholar)
• Ludwig, Kirk, 2007, “The Epistemology of Thought Experiments: First Person versus Third Person Appraoches”, Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 31: 128–159. (Scholar)
• –––, 2018, “Thought Experiments and Experimental Philosophy”, in M. T. Stuart et al. (eds.), The Routledge Companion to Thought Experiments, London and New York: Routledge, 385–405. (Scholar)
• Maar, Alexander, 2014, “Possible Uses of Counterfactual Thought Experiments in History”, Principia, 18: 87–113. (Scholar)
• Mach, Ernst, 1883, Die Mechanik in ihrer Entwicklung: Historisch-Kritisch Dargestellt, seventh edition, used here in reprint of 1988, Berlin; Akademie Verlag (trans. by J. McCormack, The Science of Mechanics, LaSalle Illinois: Open Court). (Scholar)
• –––, 1897, “Über Gedankenexperimente”, in: Zeitschrift für den physikalischen und chemischen Unterricht, 10: 1–5. (Scholar)
• –––, 1905, “Über Gedankenexperimente”, in Erkenntnis und Irrtum, Leipzig: Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth, 181–197, (translated by J. McCormack, in Knowledge and Error, Dordrecht: Reidel, 134–147). (Scholar)
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