The PhilPapers SurveysHighest linear correlations (Back to contents)

Correlations with: year_of_birth

N = 931 (target faculty). Cut-off = +/-0.05

n < 10 omitted. Some redundant or trivial correlations are not shown.

Jump to: Main Survey questions | Philosophical orientation | Background questions

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Main Survey questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
Laws of nature:Humean0.146
Humean non-Humean
year_of_birth ≥ median
30.3%(122/402)
56.4%(227/402)
year_of_birth < median
23.1%(94/406)
71.6%(291/406)
Response pairs: 808   p-value: < 0.001
Mental content:externalism0.145
externalism internalism
year_of_birth ≥ median
64%(265/414)
21.7%(90/414)
year_of_birth < median
54.6%(211/386)
31%(120/386)
Response pairs: 800   p-value: < 0.001
Time:B-theory0.143
A-theory B-theory
year_of_birth ≥ median
26.3%(77/292)
53%(155/292)
year_of_birth < median
33.2%(85/256)
38.6%(99/256)
Response pairs: 548   p-value: < 0.001
Teletransporter:survival0.136
survival death
year_of_birth ≥ median
46.2%(184/398)
33.9%(135/398)
year_of_birth < median
37.1%(137/369)
40.6%(150/369)
Response pairs: 767   p-value: < 0.001
Knowledge claims:invariantism0.12
invariantism not invariantism
year_of_birth ≥ median
40.6%(157/386)
46.6%(180/386)
year_of_birth < median
31.8%(116/364)
58.7%(214/364)
Response pairs: 750   p-value: < 0.001
not Knowledge claims:contextualism0.096
contextualism not contextualism
year_of_birth ≥ median
41.9%(162/386)
45.3%(175/386)
year_of_birth < median
51.9%(189/364)
38.7%(141/364)
Response pairs: 750   p-value: 0.008
Perceptual experience:disjunctivism0.088
disjunctivism not disjunctivism
year_of_birth ≥ median
15.2%(52/340)
67.6%(230/340)
year_of_birth < median
13.2%(44/331)
72.8%(241/331)
Response pairs: 671   p-value: 0.022
Truth:deflationary0.088
deflationary not deflationary
year_of_birth ≥ median
27.8%(113/406)
65.5%(266/406)
year_of_birth < median
24.6%(99/402)
70.8%(285/402)
Response pairs: 808   p-value: 0.012
Knowledge claims:relativism0.086
relativism not relativism
year_of_birth ≥ median
2.8%(11/386)
84.4%(326/386)
year_of_birth < median
3.8%(14/364)
86.8%(316/364)
Response pairs: 750   p-value: 0.018
Personal identity:psychological view0.078
psychological view not psychological view
year_of_birth ≥ median
37.8%(146/386)
38.8%(150/386)
year_of_birth < median
38%(146/384)
43.4%(167/384)
Response pairs: 770   p-value: 0.03
A priori knowledge:yes0.076
yes no
year_of_birth ≥ median
75%(322/429)
17.9%(77/429)
year_of_birth < median
70.7%(303/428)
21.2%(91/428)
Response pairs: 857   p-value: 0.026
Newcomb's problem:two boxes0.075
two boxes one box
year_of_birth ≥ median
46.8%(151/322)
28.8%(93/322)
year_of_birth < median
43.4%(129/297)
34.3%(102/297)
Response pairs: 619   p-value: 0.062
Abstract objects:nominalism0.073
nominalism Platonism
year_of_birth ≥ median
42.2%(175/414)
48%(199/414)
year_of_birth < median
38%(160/421)
51.3%(216/421)
Response pairs: 835   p-value: 0.034
Truth:epistemic0.072
epistemic not epistemic
year_of_birth ≥ median
6.8%(28/406)
86.4%(351/406)
year_of_birth < median
7.9%(32/402)
87.5%(352/402)
Response pairs: 808   p-value: 0.04
Moral motivation:externalism0.072
internalism externalism
year_of_birth ≥ median
41.8%(155/370)
39.7%(147/370)
year_of_birth < median
47.3%(167/353)
36.5%(129/353)
Response pairs: 723   p-value: 0.052
Mind:physicalism0.069
physicalism non-physicalism
year_of_birth ≥ median
60.1%(261/434)
28.8%(125/434)
year_of_birth < median
55.2%(236/427)
32.3%(138/427)
Response pairs: 861   p-value: 0.042
Politics:egalitarianism0.062
egalitarianism not egalitarianism
year_of_birth ≥ median
45.8%(156/340)
36.4%(124/340)
year_of_birth < median
40.8%(147/360)
41.1%(148/360)
Response pairs: 700   p-value: 0.101
External world:skepticism0.061
skepticism not skepticism
year_of_birth ≥ median
5.5%(24/431)
90.4%(390/431)
year_of_birth < median
4.4%(19/425)
91.7%(390/425)
Response pairs: 856   p-value: 0.074
Free will:compatibilism0.059
compatibilism not compatibilism
year_of_birth ≥ median
63.2%(267/422)
27.9%(118/422)
year_of_birth < median
58.8%(246/418)
31.3%(131/418)
Response pairs: 840   p-value: 0.087
not Free will:libertarianism0.058
libertarianism not libertarianism
year_of_birth ≥ median
12.5%(53/422)
78.6%(332/422)
year_of_birth < median
16.2%(68/418)
73.9%(309/418)
Response pairs: 840   p-value: 0.092
Moral judgment:cognitivism0.056
cognitivism non-cognitivism
year_of_birth ≥ median
75.4%(310/411)
17.5%(72/411)
year_of_birth < median
66.4%(271/408)
23.7%(97/408)
Response pairs: 819   p-value: 0.109
Free will:no free will0.052
no free will free will
year_of_birth ≥ median
13.7%(58/422)
77.4%(327/422)
year_of_birth < median
11.4%(48/418)
78.7%(329/418)
Response pairs: 840   p-value: 0.132

Philosophical orientation

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
metasurvey:accuracy0.286
accuracy ≥ median accuracy < median
year_of_birth ≥ median
60.9%(64/105)
39%(41/105)
year_of_birth < median
41.7%(38/91)
58.2%(53/91)
Response pairs: 196   p-value: < 0.001
xian:Lewis0.154
Lewis not Lewis
year_of_birth ≥ median
10.7%(47/438)
89.2%(391/438)
year_of_birth < median
4.3%(19/432)
95.6%(413/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
not xian:Aristotle0.149
Aristotle not Aristotle
year_of_birth ≥ median
9.5%(42/438)
90.4%(396/438)
year_of_birth < median
15.2%(66/432)
84.7%(366/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
tradition:analytic0.135
analytic continental
year_of_birth ≥ median
93.3%(409/438)
2%(9/438)
year_of_birth < median
84.7%(366/432)
5.3%(23/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
not AOS:Continental Philosophy0.11
Continental Philosophy not Continental Philosophy
year_of_birth ≥ median
0.6%(3/438)
99.3%(435/438)
year_of_birth < median
4.6%(20/432)
95.3%(412/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.001
not xian:Wittgenstein0.108
Wittgenstein not Wittgenstein
year_of_birth ≥ median
5%(22/438)
94.9%(416/438)
year_of_birth < median
11.8%(51/432)
88.1%(381/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.001
not AOS:19th Century Philosophy0.097
19th Century Philosophy not 19th Century Philosophy
year_of_birth ≥ median
1.8%(8/438)
98.1%(430/438)
year_of_birth < median
6.2%(27/432)
93.7%(405/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.004
not AOS:Philosophy of Religion0.096
Philosophy of Religion not Philosophy of Religion
year_of_birth ≥ median
3.6%(16/438)
96.3%(422/438)
year_of_birth < median
7.1%(31/432)
92.8%(401/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.004
not xian:Quine0.095
Quine not Quine
year_of_birth ≥ median
4.1%(18/438)
95.8%(420/438)
year_of_birth < median
9%(39/432)
90.9%(393/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.005
not AOS:Aesthetics0.088
Aesthetics not Aesthetics
year_of_birth ≥ median
1.8%(8/438)
98.1%(430/438)
year_of_birth < median
5.7%(25/432)
94.2%(407/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.009
AOS:Epistemology0.082
Epistemology not Epistemology
year_of_birth ≥ median
20%(88/438)
79.9%(350/438)
year_of_birth < median
15.7%(68/432)
84.2%(364/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.015
not AOS:20th Century Philosophy0.08
20th Century Philosophy not 20th Century Philosophy
year_of_birth ≥ median
2.2%(10/438)
97.7%(428/438)
year_of_birth < median
7.1%(31/432)
92.8%(401/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.018
not xian:Hegel0.077
Hegel not Hegel
year_of_birth ≥ median
0.6%(3/438)
99.3%(435/438)
year_of_birth < median
3%(13/432)
96.9%(419/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.023
not xian:Russell0.075
Russell not Russell
year_of_birth ≥ median
5.4%(24/438)
94.5%(414/438)
year_of_birth < median
8.1%(35/432)
91.8%(397/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.026
not xian:Rawls0.075
Rawls not Rawls
year_of_birth ≥ median
2.7%(12/438)
97.2%(426/438)
year_of_birth < median
6.2%(27/432)
93.7%(405/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.026
xian:Frege0.069
Frege not Frege
year_of_birth ≥ median
9.5%(42/438)
90.4%(396/438)
year_of_birth < median
6.2%(27/432)
93.7%(405/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.041
not xian:Marx0.068
Marx not Marx
year_of_birth ≥ median
0.6%(3/438)
99.3%(435/438)
year_of_birth < median
2%(9/432)
97.9%(423/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.044
not AOS:Logic and Philosophy of Logic0.064
Logic and Philosophy of Logic not Logic and Philosophy of Logic
year_of_birth ≥ median
8.2%(36/438)
91.7%(402/438)
year_of_birth < median
11.5%(50/432)
88.4%(382/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.059
not xian:Spinoza0.064
Spinoza not Spinoza
year_of_birth ≥ median
1.8%(8/438)
98.1%(430/438)
year_of_birth < median
3.2%(14/432)
96.7%(418/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.059
not AOS:Social and Political Philosophy0.063
Social and Political Philosophy not Social and Political Philosophy
year_of_birth ≥ median
7.9%(35/438)
92%(403/438)
year_of_birth < median
12.9%(56/432)
87%(376/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.063
not xian:Socrates0.055
Socrates not Socrates
year_of_birth ≥ median
1.3%(6/438)
98.6%(432/438)
year_of_birth < median
1.8%(8/432)
98.1%(424/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.104
not AOS:Ancient Greek Philosophy0.055
Ancient Greek Philosophy not Ancient Greek Philosophy
year_of_birth ≥ median
6.1%(27/438)
93.8%(411/438)
year_of_birth < median
7.8%(34/432)
92.1%(398/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.104
AOS:Philosophy of Language0.053
Philosophy of Language not Philosophy of Language
year_of_birth ≥ median
19.8%(87/438)
80.1%(351/438)
year_of_birth < median
16.2%(70/432)
83.7%(362/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.118

Background questions

Answer Corrrelation coefficient
year_of_phd0.946
year_of_phd ≥ median year_of_phd < median
year_of_birth ≥ median
86%(328/381)
13.9%(53/381)
year_of_birth < median
4.8%(15/310)
95.1%(295/310)
Response pairs: 691   p-value: < 0.001
not affil:region:United States0.136
United States not United States
year_of_birth ≥ median
55.2%(242/438)
44.7%(196/438)
year_of_birth < median
66.6%(288/432)
33.3%(144/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
not nationality_region:United States0.135
United States not United States
year_of_birth ≥ median
46.5%(204/438)
53.4%(234/438)
year_of_birth < median
59.9%(259/432)
40%(173/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
affil:region:United Kingdom0.133
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
year_of_birth ≥ median
23.9%(105/438)
76%(333/438)
year_of_birth < median
16.8%(73/432)
83.1%(359/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
nationality_region:Europe0.131
Europe not Europe
year_of_birth ≥ median
17.5%(77/438)
82.4%(361/438)
year_of_birth < median
8.5%(37/432)
91.4%(395/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: < 0.001
phd_region:United States0.097
United States not United States
year_of_birth ≥ median
59.1%(259/438)
40.8%(179/438)
year_of_birth < median
50.2%(217/432)
49.7%(215/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.004
phd_region:United Kingdom0.093
United Kingdom not United Kingdom
year_of_birth ≥ median
14.8%(65/438)
85.1%(373/438)
year_of_birth < median
10.8%(47/432)
89.1%(385/432)
Response pairs: 870   p-value: 0.006
gender:female0.086
female male
year_of_birth ≥ median
20.1%(86/427)
79.8%(341/427)
year_of_birth < median
15%(64/426)
84.9%(362/426)
Response pairs: 853   p-value: 0.011
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