Abstract
Business ethics in Africa, as a field of research, practice, and teaching, has grown rapidly over the last two decades or so, covering a wide variety of topical issues, including corporate social responsibility, governance, and social entrepreneurship. Building on this progress, and to further advance the field, this special issue addresses four broad areas that cover important, under-researched or newly emerging phenomena in Africa: culture, ethics and leadership; business, society and institutions; corruption, anti-corruption and governance; and philanthropy, social entrepreneurship and impact investing. In addition to advancing research by addressing some of the imbalances and gaps in the extant literature, this special issue draws attention to indigenous African theories, models and firms. Some challenges facing business ethics, as a field of practice and teaching in Africa, are also highlighted. The paper concludes with a summary of the eight articles in this special issue.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adeleye, I., Amaeshi, K., & Ogbechie, C. (2011). Humanistic management education in Africa. In W. Amann, M. Pirson, C. Dierksmeier, E. Von Kimakowitz, & H. Spitzeck (Eds.), Business schools under fire: Humanistic management education as the way forward (pp. 340–359). Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Adeleye, I., Layode, M., Fawehinmi, Y., & Esho, E. (2019). Stepping up: The rise of African philanthropy. APF Quarterly. Retrieved August 1, 2019 from https://africanpf.org/newsletter/.
Adeleye, I., White, L., Ibeh, K., & Kinoti, A. (2015). The changing dynamics of International Business in Africa: Emerging trends and key issues. In I. Adeleye, K. Ibeh, A. Kinoti, & L. White (Eds.), The changing dynamics of International Business in Africa (pp. 1–16). Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
African Union (2015). Agenda 2063: The Africa we want. Retrieved July 15, 2019 from https://africanpf.org/newsletter/..
African Union (2018). President Buhari of Nigeria launches the AU theme of the Year 2018 on fighting corruption in the continent. Addis Ababa. Retrieved December 11, 2018 from https://au.int/en/pressreleases/20180129/president-buhari-nigeria-launches-au-theme-year-2018-fighting-corruption.
Agbiboa, D. E. (2012). Between corruption and development: The political economy of state robbery in Nigeria. Journal of Business Ethics,108(3), 325–345.
Agyei-Mensah, B. K. (2017). The relationship between corporate governance, corruption and forward-looking information disclosure: A comparative study. Corporate Governance,17(2), 284–304.
Ahen, F., & Amankwah-Amoah, J. (2018). Institutional voids and the philanthropization of CSR practices: Insights from developing economies. Sustainability,10(7), 1–27.
Alvord, S. H., Brown, L. D., & Letts, C. W. (2004). Social entrepreneurship and societal transformation: An exploratory study. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,40(3), 260–282.
Amaeshi, K. (2015). A new economic philosophy for Africa. Stanford social innovation review. Retrieved July 15, 2019 from https://ssir.org/articles/entry/a_new_economic_philosophy_for_africa.
Amaeshi, K., Adegbite, E., & Rajwani, T. (2016). Corporate social responsibility in challenging and non-enabling institutional contexts: Do institutional voids matter? Journal of Business Ethics,134(1), 135–153.
Amaeshi, K., Adeleye, I., & Amao, O. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and employee relations in Africa: Evidence from the Nigerian banking sector. In S. Nwankwo & K. Ibeh (Eds.), The Routledge companion to business in Africa (pp. 473–493). Abingdom: Routledge.
Amaeshi, K., Adi, A. B. C., Ogbechie, C., & Amao, O. O. (2006). Corporate social responsibility in Nigeria: Western mimicry or indigenous influences? Journal of Corporate Citizenship,24, 83–99.
Amaeshi, K., & Idemudia, U. (2015). Africapitalism: A management idea for business in Africa? Africa Journal of Management,1(2), 210–223.
Amaeshi, K., Muthuri, J. N., & Ogbechie, C. (Eds.). (2019). Incorporating sustainability in management education: An interdisciplinary approach. Milton Keynes: Palgrave Macmillan.
Apata, G. O. (2019). Corruption and the postcolonial state: How the west invented African corruption. Journal of Contemporary African Studies,37(1), 43–56.
Babalola, M. T., Stouten, J., Camps, J., & Euwema, M. (2019). When do ethical leaders become less effective? The moderating role of perceived leader ethical conviction on employee discretionary reactions to ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics,151(1), 85–102.
Babalola, M. T., Stouten, J., Euwema, M. C., & Ovadje, F. (2018). The relation between ethical leadership and workplace conflicts: The mediating role of employee resolution efficacy. Journal of Management,44(5), 2037–2063.
Bach, D. C., & Gazibo, M. (Eds.). (2012). Neopatrimonialism in Africa and beyond. London: Routledge.
Barnard, H., Cuervo-Cazurra, A., & Manning, S. (2017). Africa business research as a laboratory for theory-building: Extreme conditions, new phenomena, and alternative paradigms of social relationships. Management and Organization Review,13(3), 467–495.
Barnard, H., & Luiz, J. M. (2018). Escape FDI and the dynamics of a cumulative process of institutional misalignment and contestation: Stress, strain and failure. Journal of World Business,53(5), 605–619.
Campbell, J. L. (2007). Why would corporations behave in socially responsible way? An institutional theory of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review,32, 946–967.
Carroll, A. B. (1998). The four faces of corporate citizenship. Business and Society Review,100(1), 1–7.
Chabal, P. (1994). Power in Africa: An essay in political interpretation. Houndmills: Macmillan.
Chell, E., Spence, L. J., Perrini, F., & Harris, J. (2016). Social entrepreneurship and business ethics: Does social equal ethical? Journal of Business Ethics,133(4), 619–625.
Crouch, C. (2006). Modelling the firm in its market and organizational environment: Methodologies for studying corporate social responsibility. Organization Studies,27, 1533–1551.
Daly, S. (2012). Philanthropy as an essentially contested concept. Voluntas,22, 535–557.
Daniel, G. O., Onaji-Benson, T., & Mbalyohere, C. (2018). Navigating institutional differences in Africa: Moving beyond the institutional voids perspective. Academy of International Business Insights,18(4), 15–19.
De Sardan, J. O. (1999). A moral economy of corruption in Africa? The Journal of Modern African Studies,37(1), 25–52.
Doh, J. P., Rodriguez, P., Uhlenbruck, K., Collins, J., & Eden, L. (2003). Coping with corruption in foreign markets. Academy of Management Perspectives,17(3), 114–127.
Edozie, R. K. (2017). ‘Pan’ Africa rising: The cultural political economy of Nigeria’s Afri-capitalism and South Africa’s Ubuntu business. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Fedderke, J., De Kadt, R., & Luiz, J. M. (2001). A study of the link between political institutions and economic growth in South Africa—A time series study: 1935-97. Journal for the Study of Economics and Econometrics.,25(1), 1–26.
Graham, D., & Woods, N. (2006). Making corporate self-regulation effective in developing countries. World Development,34(5), 868–883.
Hallow, J. (2010). Philanthropy. In R. Taylor (Ed.), Third sector research (pp. 121–138). Springer: New York.
Hamann, R., Luiz, J., Ramaboa, K., Khan, F., & Dhlamini, X. (2020). Neither colony nor enclave: Calling for dialogical contextualism in management and organization studies. Organization Theory, Forthcoming.
Heese, K. (2007). The development of socially responsible investment in South Africa: Experience and evolution of SRI in global markets. Development Southern Africa,22(5), 729–739.
Hochstadter, A. K., & Scheck, B. (2015). What’s in a name: An analysis of impact investing understandings by Academics and Practitioners. Journal of Business Ethics,132(2), 449–475.
Jung, T., & Harrow, J. (2015). Philanthropy, the state and public goods. In R. P. O. Guerrero & P. Wilkins (Eds.), Doing public good? Private actors, evaluation and public value (pp. 29–48). New Jersey: Transaction Publishers.
Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Mastruzzi, M. (2008). Governance matters V: Aggregate and individual governance indicators for 1996–2007. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, No. 4012. Retrieved July 28, 2019 from http://ssrn.com/abstract=930847.
Kolk, A., & Rivera-Santos, M. (2018). The state of research on Africa in business and management: Insights from a systematic review of key international journals. Business and Society,56(7), 1–22.
Kuada, J. (2010). Culture and leadership in Africa: A conceptual model and research agenda. African Journal of Economic and Management Studies,1(1), 9–24.
Liedong, T. A. (2017). Combating corruption in Africa through institutional entrepreneurship: Peering in from business-government relations. Africa Journal of Management,3(3–4), 310–327.
Liket, K., & Simaens, A. (2015). Battling the devolution in the research on corporate philanthropy. Journal of Business Ethics,126(2), 285–308.
Littlewood, D., & Holt, D. (2018). Social entrepreneurship in South Africa: Exploring the influence of environment. Business & Society,57(3), 525–561.
Luiz, J. M. (2009). Institutions and economic performance: Implications for African development. Journal of International Development,21(1), 58–75.
Luiz, J. M. (2014). Social compacts for long-term inclusive economic growth in developing countries. Development in Practice,24(2), 234–244.
Luiz, J. M. (2015). The impact of ethno-linguistic fractionalization on cultural measures: Dynamics, endogeneity and modernization. Journal of International Business Studies,46(9), 1080–1098.
Luiz, J. M., Kachika, K., & Kudzurunga, T. (2019). Negotiating new institutional logics: Market access amongst smallholder farmers in Zambia and Malawi. Society and Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/SBR-01-2019-0015Forthcoming.
Luiz, J. M., & Stewart, C. (2014). Corruption, South African multinational enterprises and institutions in Africa. Journal of Business Ethics,124(3), 383–398.
Luiz, J., Stringfellow, D., & Jefthas, A. (2017). Institutional complementarity and substitution as an internationalization strategy: The emergence of an African multinational giant. Global Strategy Journal,7(1), 83–103.
Lutz, D. (2009). African Ubuntu philosophy and global management. Journal of Business Ethics,84(3), 313–328.
Matten, D., & Moon, J. (2008). ‘Implicit’ and ‘Explicit’ CSR: A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review,33(2), 404–424.
Mbalyohere, C., & Lawton, T. C. (2018). Engaging stakeholders through corporate political activity: insights from MNE nonmarket strategy in an emerging African market. Journal of International Management,24(4), 369–385.
Metz, T. (2018). An African theory of good leadership. African Journal of Business Ethics,12(2), 36–53.
Mishra, P., & Maiko, S. (2017). Combating corruption with care: Developing ethical leaders in Africa. Africa Journal of Management,3(1), 128–143.
Mottiar, S., & Ngcoya, M. (2016). Indigenous philanthropy: Challenging western preconceptions. In T. Jung, S. D. Phillips, & J. Harrow (Eds.), The Routledge companion to philanthropy (pp. 151–161). London: Routledge.
Moyo, B. (2010). Philanthropy in Africa: Functions, status, challenges and opportunities. In N. MacDonald & L. de Borms (Eds.), Global philanthropy (pp. 259–270). London: MF Publishing.
Muller, A. R., Pfarrer, M. D., & Little, L. M. (2014). A theory of collective empathy in corporate philanthropy decisions. Academy of Management Review,39(1), 1–21.
Muthuri, J. N. (2008). Participation and accountability in corporate community involvement programmes: A research agenda. Community Development Journal,43(2), 177–193.
Muthuri, J. N., & Gilbert, V. (2011). An institutional analysis of corporate social responsibility in Kenya. Journal of Business Ethics,98(3), 467–483.
Muthuri, J. N., Moon, J., & Idemudia, U. (2012). Corporate innovation and sustainable community development in developing countries. Business and Society,51(3), 355–381.
Newenham-Kahindi, A. (2009). The transfer of Ubuntu and Indaba business models abroad: A case of South African multinational banks and telecommunication services in Tanzania. International Journal of Cross Cultural Management,9(1), 87–108.
Ngobo, P. V., & Fouda, M. (2012). Is ‘good’ governance good for business? A crossnational analysis of firms in African countries. Journal of World Business,47, 435–449.
Okereke, C., Vincent, O., & Mordi, C. (2018). Determinants of Nigerian managers’ environmental attitude: Africa’s Ubuntu ethics versus global capitalism. Thunderbird International Business Review,60(4), 577–590.
Owusu-Ansah, F. E., & Mji, G. (2013). African indigenous knowledge and research. African Journal of Disability,2(1), 5.
Quade, M. J., Perry, S. J., & Hunter, E. M. (2017). Boundary conditions of ethical leadership: Exploring supervisor-induced and job hindrance stress as potential inhibitors. Journal of Business Ethics,158(4), 1165–1184.
Resick, C. J., Martin, G. S., Keating, M. A., Dickson, M. W., Kwan, H. K., & Peng, C. (2011). What ethical leadership means to me: Asian, American, and European Perspectives. Journal of Business Ethics,101(3), 435–457.
Rivera-Santos, M., Holt, D., Littlewood, D., & Kolk, A. (2014). Social entrepreneurship in Sub-Saharan Africa. Academy of Management Perspectives,29(1), 72–91.
Rivera-Santos, M., Rufín, C., & Kolk, A. (2012). Bridging the institutional divide: Partnerships in subsistence markets. Journal of Business Research,65(12), 1721–1727.
Rossouw, G. J. (2011). Business ethics as field of teaching, training and research in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Business Ethics,104, 83–92.
Rossouw, D. (2017). Business ethics in South Africa. In D. Jondle & A. Ardichvili (Eds.), Ethical business cultures in emerging markets (pp. 81–109). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Scherer, A. G., Baumann, D., & Schneider, A. (2013). Democratizing corporate governance: Compensating for the democratic deficit of the corporate political activity and corporate citizenship. Business and Society,52(3), 473–514.
Scherer, A. G., Palazzo, G., & Matten, D. (2014). The business firm as a political actor: A new theory of the firm for a globalized world. Business and Society,53(2), 143–156.
Smith, W., & Darko, E. (2014). Social enterprise: Constraints and opportunities—Evidence from Vietnam and Kenya. London: Overseas Development Institute.
Spiess-Knafl, W., & Aschari-Lincoln, J. (2015). Understanding mechanisms in the social investment market: What are venture philanthropy funds financing and how? Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment,5(3), 103–120.
Sternberg, E. (2000). Just business: Business ethics in action (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Strand, R., & Freeman, R. E. (2015). Scandinavian cooperative advantage: The theory and practice of stakeholder engagement in Scandinavia. Journal of Business Ethics,127(1), 65–85.
Sulemana, I., Iddrisu, A. M., & Kyoore, J. E. (2017). A micro-level study of the relationship between experienced corruption and subjective wellbeing in Africa. The Journal of Development Studies,53(1), 138–155.
Sullivan, J., Wilson, A., & Nadgrodkiewicz, A. (2013). The role of corporate governance in fighting corruption. London: Deloitte.
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). (2015). Impact investment in Africa: Trends, constraints and opportunities. New York: UNDP.
Valente, M., & Crane, A. (2010). Public responsibility and private enterprise in developing countries. California Management Review,12(3), 52–78.
Van Cranenburgh, K. C., & Arenas, D. (2014). Strategic and moral dilemmas of corporate philanthropy in developing countries: Heineken in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Business Ethics,122(3), 523–536.
Van Slyke, D. M., & Newman, H. K. (2006). Venture philanthropy and social entrepreneurship in community redevelopment. Nonprofit Management and Leadership,16(3), 345–368.
Visser, W. (2006). Revisiting Carroll’s CSR pyramid: An African perspective. In M. Huniche & E. P. Rahbek (Eds.), Corporate citizenship in developing countries—New partnership perspectives (pp. 29–56). Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press.
Wanasika, I., Howell, J. P., Littrell, R., & Dorfman, P. (2011). Managerial leadership and culture in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of World Business,46(2), 234–241.
West, A. (2014). Ubuntu and business ethics: Problems, perspectives and prospects. Journal of Business Ethics,121(1), 47–61.
Woermann, M., & Engelbrecht, S. (2019). The Ubuntu challenge to business: From stakeholders to relationholders. Journal of Business Ethics,157(1), 27–44.
Zadek, S. (2004). The path to corporate responsibility. Harvard Business Review,82(12), 125–132.
Acknowledgements
The Guest Editors would like to thank Dr. Arno Kourula, Co-editor (Special Issues) of the Journal of Business Ethics, for his guidance and support throughout the process of this special issue. We were lucky to have well over 100 scholars help with reviewing the papers, and thank them all for helping to improve the quality of manuscripts. The International Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility at Nottingham University Business School (UK) hosted a Special Issue Workshop in May, 2018, for which we are grateful. We want to especially thank all those who responded to our call for papers; regrettably, we had to reject most of the submissions due to the high number of submissions. To the 21 authors whose papers were selected, thank you for making this special issue happen, and for your patience through multiple rounds of the year-long review process. It has been an honour to have served as guest editors, and we hope readers enjoy the articles as much as we did editing them.
Funding
This study was not funded by any grant.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All the authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Adeleye, I., Luiz, J., Muthuri, J. et al. Business Ethics in Africa: The Role of Institutional Context, Social Relevance, and Development Challenges. J Bus Ethics 161, 717–729 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04338-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04338-x