PSYCHE

Bell, David

Primum non nocere

, 77. Jahrgang, Heft 3, pp 193-221

DOI 10.21706/ps-77-3-193

Link: Erratum

Zusammenfassung

Während seiner langjährigen Tätigkeit als Facharzt für Psychiatrie am Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust hat der Autor dieses Beitrags die Entwicklung der Gesundheitsfürsorge von Kindern mit Geschlechtsidentitätsstörung (»gender dysphoria«) aus nächster Nähe beobachtet. Der Beitrag entwickelt einige Hypothesen zu den soziokulturellen Faktoren für den plötzlichen, sprunghaften Anstieg der Zahl minderjähriger Patienten, bei denen Geschlechtsidentitätsstörungen diagnostiziert und die dann zur medikamentösen und operativen Geschlechtsumwandlung an spezialisierte Zentren überwiesen wurden, und schildert charakteristische Denkverbote in diesem Zusammenhang. Die beruflichen Bedingungen, die seinen Text beeinflussten, und die weiteren Entwicklungen in der Tavistock-Klinik wie auch in seinem eigenen Leben erläutert der Autor schließlich in einem nachstehenden Kommentar zu seinem eigenen Text.

Abstract

Primum non nocere.
During his long years of service as a psychiatry specialist with the Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, the author of this article was able to observe at very close quarters the latest developments in care for children with gender dysphoria. The article proposes a number of hypotheses on the socio-cultural factors operative in the sudden upsurge in the number of minor patients diagnosed with gender dysphoria and then transferred to specialist centers for gender affirmation surgery or medication. He also enlarges on some characteristics of the ban on thinking associated with this subject. The professional conditions influencing his article as well as further developments at the Tavistock Clinic and in his own life are discussed by the author in a concluding commentary on his own text.

Résumé

Primum non nocere.
Au cours de sa longue carrière de médecin psychiatre au Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, l’auteur de cet article a observé de près l’évolution des soins de santé pour les enfants souffrant de troubles de l’identité de genre (« gender dysphoria »). L’article développe quelques hypothèses sur les facteurs socioculturels à l’origine de l’augmentation soudaine et brutale du nombre de patients mineurs chez qui un trouble de l’identité sexuelle a été diagnostiqué et qui ont ensuite été orientés vers des centres spécialisés pour un changement de sexe médicamenteux et chirurgical, et décrit les interdits qui caractérisent la pensée et le discours dans ce domaine. L’auteur explique enfin dans un commentaire de son propre texte les conditions professionnelles qui l’ont influencé ainsi que les développements ultérieurs à la clinique Tavistock et dans sa propre vie.

Schlüsselwörter
Keywords
mots-clés
  1. Association of Child Psychotherapists (2018): »Silent Catastrophe«: Responding to the Danger Signs of Children and Young People’s Mental Health: Services in Trouble. https://childpsychotherapy.org.uk/launch-acp-report-silent-catastrophe.
  2. Bell, D. (1997): Primitive Mind of State. Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 10, 45–57.
  3. Blog BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine (BMJ EBM) (2019): https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjebmspotlight/2019/02/25/gender-affirming-hormone-in-children-and-adolescents-evidence-review/.
  4. Campbell, B. (2016): Leserbrief. London Review of Books 38/11 (2. Juni 2016), o.S. https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v38/n11/letters.
  5. Fraser, N. (2000): Rethinking Recognition. New Left Review 3, 107–118.
  6. Haider, A. (2018): Mistaken Identity, Race and Class in the Age of Trump. London (Verso).
  7. Littman, L. (2018): Parent Reports of Adolescents and Young Adults Perceived to Show Signs of a Rapid Onset of Gender Dysphoria. PLoS ONE 13(8): e0202330. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0202330.
  8. Perelberg, R. J. (2018): A Psychoanalytic Understanding of Bisexuality. In: Dies. (Hg.): ­Psychic Bisexuality: A British-French Dialogue. London (Routledge), 1–57. DOI 10.4324/9781351262965-14.
  9. Perelberg, R. J. (2019): Sexuality, Excess and Representation: A Psychoanalytic Clinical and Theoretical Perspective. London (Routledge/The New Library of Psychoanalysis). DOI 10.1080/00332828.2022.2051948.
  10. Reich, W. (1933): Charakteranalyse. Wien (Selbstverlag des Autors).
  11. BBC News (2020): Children’s Gender Identity Clinic Concerns Go Back 15 Years, 1.10.2020. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-54374165.
  12. Blog BMJ EBM Spotlight (2019): Gender-Affirming Hormone in Children and Adolescents, 25.2.2019. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmjebmspotlight/2019/02/25/gender-affirming-hormone-in-children-and-adolescents-evidence-review/.
  13. Court of Appeal (Civil Division) (2021): Revisionsurteil vom 17.9.2021 in der Sache Quincy Bell & Mrs. A. vs. The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Bell-v-Tavistock-judgment-170921.pdf.
  14. Employment Tribunals (2021): Urteil vom 3.9.2021 in der Sache Ms. S. Appleby vs. Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6149eb48d3bf7f05ac396f79/Ms_S_Appleby__vs___Tavistock_and_Portman_NHS_Foundation_Trust.pdf.
  15. High Court of Justice (Administrative Court, Divisional Court) (2020): Urteil vom 1.12.2020 in der Sache Quincy Bell & Mrs. A. vs. The Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust. https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Bell-v-Tavistock-Judgment.pdf.
  16. SEGM (Society for Evidence Based Gender Medicine) (2021): Sweden’s Karolinska Ends All Use of Puberty Blockers and Cross-Sex Hormones for Minors Outside of Clinical Studies, 5.5.2021. https://segm.org/Sweden_ends_use_of_Dutch_protocol.
  17. SEGM (Society for Evidence Based Gender Medicine) (2021): One Year Since Finland Broke with WPATH »Standards of Care«, 2.7.2021. https://segm.org/Finland_deviates_from_WPATH_prioritizing_psychotherapy_no_surgery_for_minors.
  18. The Cass Review (2022): Independent Review of Gender Identity Services for Children and Young People: Interim Report, Februar 2022.
  19. The Guardian (2018): Gender Identity Clinic Accused of Fast-Tracking Young Adults, 3.11.2018. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/nov/03/tavistock-centre-gender-identity-clinic-accused-fast-tracking-young-adults.
  20. The Guardian (2022): The Observer View on Gender Identity Services for Children, 20.3.2022. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/mar/20/observer-view-cass-review-gender-identity-services-young-people (alle Online-Texte abgerufen am 28.10.2022).