Skip to main content
Log in

The CLER model of innovation diffusion, planned change, and development: A conceptual update and applications

  • Connections
  • Published:
Knowledge in Society

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

References

  • Agba, P.C. (1980). A configurational analysis of the diffusion models and media strategies used in the “Operation Feed the Nation (OFN)” campaign in Nigeria, 1976–79.Dissertation Abstracts International, 41/06, 2341.

  • Bahous, S.S. (1987) Communication policy and planning for development: The Jordan Television Corporation—A case study.Dissertation Abstracts Internation, 47/08, 2782-A.

  • Bhola, H.S. (1965). A theory of innovation diffusion and its application to Indian education and community development.Dissertation Abstracts International, 27/01A, 135.

  • Bhola, H.S. (1966). The configurational theory of innovation diffusion.Public Opinion Quarterly, 1966–67, 30(4), 668.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1967). The configurational theory of innovation diffusion.Indian Educational Review, 2(1), 42–72. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 011 147)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1971). Limitations and possibilities of educational diplomacy: A theoretical framework.Viewpoints in Teaching and Learning, 47(5), 77–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1974).ETV in the Third World: A diffusionist's perspective. Unpublished paper, Indiana University. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 098 926)

  • Bhola, H.S. (1975a).Configurations of change: A framework for a research review. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 127 702)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1975b).The India education project: A case study of institution building and organizational conflict. Bloomington, IN: International Development Research Center.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1975c).Power: The anchor of stability, the lever of change (Notes towards a general theory of being and society). Bloomington: Indiana University. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 117 828)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1976a). The grammar of artifactual action.Indian Educational Review, 11(3), 45–63. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 109 830)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1976b).Institutional approaches to innovation and change (II): The configurational perspective on institution building. Bloomington: Indiana University. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 122 454)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1982). Planning change in education and development: The CLER model in the context of a mega model.Viewpoints in Teaching and Learning, 58(4), 1–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1984, November).Tailor made strategies of dissemination: The story to theory continuum. Paper presented to the Seventh Nationwide Vocational Education Dissemination Conference of the National Center for Research in Vocational Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. (ERIC Documentation Reproduction Service No. ED 253 728)

  • Bhola, H.S. & Bhola, J.K. (1984).Planning and organization of literacy campaigns, programs and projects. Bonn: German Foundation for International Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhola, H.S. (1986, October).Pathways to effective dissemination: Configurationmapping and linkage-typing as tools. Paper presented to the Ninth Nationwide Vocational Education Dissemination Conference held at the National Center for Research in Vocational Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. Ed 273 781).

  • Broudy, H.S. (1964).Criteria for the theoretical adequacy of conceptual frameworks of planned educational change. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University, Colege of Education. (ERIC Document Reproduction No. ED 010 914)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.W. (1984). Information processing for better utilization: Assessing the CLER model as organizer for innovation diffusion and planned change information reported in selected studies in the ERIC system.Dissertation Abstracts International, 45/05A, 1227.

  • Burge, L. (1977). Change agents, or change victims? An exploration of the relevance of an innovation diffusion model for library management.The Australian Library Journal, 26(18), 310–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Checkland, P. (1981).Systems thinking, systems practice. New York: John Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chin, R. (1976). The utility of system models and development models for practitioners. In W. Bennis, K. Benne, & R. Chin (Eds.),The planning of change (3rd edition). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

    Google Scholar 

  • Courtland, M.C. (1985). Perceptions of the processes of change and implementation in the elementary language arts programs in local school districts in the State of Indiana.Dissertation Abstracts International, 46/01A, 59.

  • Cronbach, L. et al. (1980).Toward reform of program evaluation: Aims, methods, and institutional arrangements. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, H. (1973). Change and innovation. In S. Feldman (Ed.),The administration of mental health services. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas, Publisher.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodd. J.W. (1977). The perceptions of selected superintendents concerning the innovation diffusion process.Dissertation Abstracts International, 37, 5478A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, B.Z. (1978). Structures of opportunity: The diffusion of information on advanced credit, placement, and exemption options among, pre-honors freshmen.Dissertation Abstracts International, 38/09A, 5737.

  • Elster, J. (1983).Sour grapes: Studies in the subversion of rationality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finn, G. (1977). International involvement of a national center for government information.International Library Review, 9, 383–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foshay, R. (1984). A PC for every desk, or in every closet? Research-based principles for disseminating a new technology.Data Training, 3, 18–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullan, M. (1981). Research on the implementation of educational change. In A.C. Kerckhoff & R.G. Corwin (Eds.),Research in sociology of education and socialization. (Vol. 2). Greenwich, CN: JAI Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullan, M. (1982).The meaning of educational change. New York: Columbia University, Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullan, M. (1985). Change processes and strategies at the local level.The Elementary School Journal, 85, 391–421.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Havelock, R.G. et al. (1971).Planning for innovation, through dissemination and utilization of knowledge. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan, Institute of Social Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hildebrandt, K.L. (1984). Diffusion of suggestopedy in the United States: The natural history of an educational innovation.Dissertation Abstracts International, 45/05A, 1246.

  • Huberman, M. (1987). Steps toward an integrated model of research utilization.Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion, Utilization, 8(4), 586–611.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, P.E. (1976). The dynamics of implementation of an instruction development project: A case study in a university setting.Dissertation Abstracts International, 37/08A, 4823.

  • Kahneman, D. et al. (Eds.). (1982).Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, D.J. (1982). A configurational approach to organizing knowledge for utilization: An exploration in applying the CLER model for developing information for use to design innovation diffusion and change strategies.Dissertation Abstracts International, 42/11A, 4654.

  • Kirkpatrick, C.B. (1986). Media planning at Radio Cordac, Burundi, 1963–77: Analysis of a case using the CLER model.Dissertation Abstracts International, 47/02, 512A.

  • Langhoff, N.T. (1978). Tensions created, by changing environments in an urban police organization or the unplanned consequences of a planned change event: An evaluation case study.Dissertation Abstracts International, 39/09A, 5470.

  • Lincoln, Y. & Guba, E. (1985).Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lippitt, G. (1973).Visualizing change: Model building and the change process. La Jolla, CA: University Associated Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lotto, L.S. (1982). Using the CLER model in school improvement.Viewpoints in Teaching and Learning, 58(4), 70–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Machado, E. de C. (1986). Computer education in Brazil: Policy implementation process as seen by various stakeholders.Dissertation Abstracts International, 47/02, 512-A.

  • Major, M.B. (1986). A configurational analysis of planned change: The profession-alization of nursing.Dissertation Abstracts International, 46/10, 2992-A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makkar, L. & Ince, M. (1983, June).Demonstration of energy efficient houses as integrated systems. Paper presented at the International Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Crete, Greece.

  • Mitroff, I.I., & Mason, R.O. (1981).Creating, a dialectical social science: Concepts, methods and models. Boston: D. Reidel Publishing Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Myers, C.R., Jr. (1987). A description and analysis of the role of instructional systems technologist in the design of a system of training: A case study.Dissertation Abstracts International, 47/12, 4364-A.

  • Polkinghorne, D. (1983).Methodology for the human sciences: Systems of inquiry. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reason, P., & Rowan, J. (Eds.). (1981).Human inquiry: A sourcebook of new paradigm research. New York: John Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, E.M. (1964).Diffusion of innovations. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, B. (1938).Power: A social analysis. New York: Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, E.E. (1980). A descriptive analysis of the application of the CLER model of innovation diffusion to adult basic education recruitment in Hobart Township, Indiana.Dissertation Abstracts International, 41/04A, 1348.

  • Schon, D.A. (1983).The reflective practitioner: How professionals think in action. New York: Basic Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiffany, C.H. (1977). Nursing organizational structure and the real goals of hospitals: A correlational study.Dissertation Abstracts International, 38/11B, 5283.

  • Viriyachantana, C. (1984). An exploratory study of the configurational theory of innovation diffusion, planned change and development.Dissertation Abstracts International, 44/A, 2631.

  • Wilson, J.A. (1973a). Some effects of performance contracting on, the school organization: A case study of educational change.Dissertation Abstracts International, 34/08A, 4591.

  • Wilson, J.A. (1973b).Banneker: A case study of educational change. Homewood, IL.: ETC Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zajc, L.S. (1987). Models of planned educational change: Their ideational and ideological contexts and evolution since the late 1950s.Dissertation Abstracts International, in process.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

H.S. Bhola is professor of education at Indiana University. He has done considerable work in the area of international literacy, including a book,Campaigning For Literacy, published by UNESCO.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bhola, H.S. The CLER model of innovation diffusion, planned change, and development: A conceptual update and applications. Knowledge in Society 1, 56–66 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02737059

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02737059

Keywords

Navigation