References
Earman, J. (1992),Bayes or Bust. Cambridge: M.I.T.
Earman, J. (1993), “Under-determination, Realism, and Reason”,Midwest Studies in Philosophy 18: 19–38.
English, J. (1973), “Under-determination: Craig and Ramsey”,Journal of Philosophy 70: 453–462.
Greenwood, J. (1990), “Two Dogmas of Empiricism: The “Theory-Informity” of Observation and the Quine-Duhem Thesis”,Philosophy of Science 57: 553–574.
Grünbaum, A. (1976), “The Duhemian Argument”, in Harding, S. (ed.),Can Theories be Refuted?, Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 116–131.
Guth, A. (1997).The Inflationary Universe. Reading Mass: Addison-Wesley.
Hoefer, C. and Rosenberg, A. (1994), “Empirical Equivalence, Under-determination, and Systems of the World”,Philosophy of Science 61: 592–607.
Kitcher, P. (1993),The Advancement of Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Klee, R. (1992), “In Defense of the Quine-Duhem Thesis: A Reply to Greenwood”,Philosophy of Science 59: 487–491.
Laudan, L. (1976), “Grnbaum on ‘The Duhemian Argument’, in Harding, S. (ed.),Can Theories be Refuted? Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 155–162.
Laudan, L. (1990), “Demystifying Under-determination” in Savage, C. (ed.),Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 14, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 266–297.
Laudan, L. and Leplin, L. (1991), “Empirical Equivalence and Underdetermination”,Journal of Philosophy 138: 449–472.
Malament, D. (1977), “Observationally Indistinguishable Space-Times”, in Earman, J., Glymour, C. and Stachel, J (eds.),Foundations of Space-Time Theories, Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol 8, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 61–80.
Mawton-Smith, W. (1980), “The Under-determination of Theory by Data” in Hilpinen, R. (ed.),Rationality in Science. Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 91–110.
Sober, E. (1990), “Contrastive Empiricism”, in Savage, C. (ed.),Minnesota Studies in the Philosophy of Science, Vol. 14,. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, pp. 392–410.
Quine, W. (1975), “On Empirically Equivalent Systems of the World”,Erkenntnis 9: 313–328.
Quine, W. (1976), “A Comment on Grünbaum's Claim”, in Harding, S. (ed.),Can Theories be Refuted?. Dordrecht: Reidel, p. 132.
Quine, W. (1986), “Reply to Paul Roth”, in Hahn, L. and Schlipp, P. (eds.),The Philosophy of W.V. Quine. La Salle: Open Court, p. 459.P
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bunzl, M. Real world epistemic under-determination. Philosophia 31, 139–147 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02380928
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02380928