Abstract

The new peace movements present a number of dilemmas. On the one hand, there are some accumulated experience and principles which can still serve as standards to criticize not the illusions but the (often-deliberate) self-delusions of peace movements. On the other hand, these movements have obviously raised a number of questions which had not been part of Left theoretical discourse and political strategy, and which have to be confronted in order to formulate new answers.

Normally, movements do not take off with rational argumentation, but rather, with gesture They start with protest, disobedience, rebellion. They express and indicate needs and desires rather than interpret them.