Redes neurais e representação mental: um ensaio sobre harmonia e racionalidade

Gonzales, Maria Eunice Quilici

doi:10.1590/S0101-31731991000100005

Resumos

Investigaremos, a partir da perspectiva da Ciência Cognitiva, a noção de representação mental, no domínio da percepção visual humana. Ênfase é dada ao paradigma Conexionista, ou de Redes Neurais, de acordo com o qual tais representações mentais são descritas como estruturas emergentes da interação entre sistemas de processamento de informação que se auto-organizam - tais como o cérebro - e a luz estruturada no meio ambiente. Sugerimos que essa noção de representação mental indica uma solução para uma antiga polêmica, entre Representacionalistas e Eliminativistas, acerca da existência de representações mentais no sistema perceptual humano.

Percepção visual; conexionismo; redes neurais; ciência cognitiva; padrões de informação; representação mental; auto-organização

We develop an analysis of the notion of mental representation, in the domain of visual perception, from a Cognitive Science perspective. Emphasis is given on a Connectionist view, according to which mental representations are emergent properties of the interaction between brain-like systems and structured light in the environment. We suggest that such a notion of mental representation indicates a way out of an ancient dispute between Representationalism and Eliminativism regarding the existence of mental representation in the human perceptual system.

Visual perception; connectionism; neural networks; cognitive science; patterns of information; mental representation; self-organization

ARTIGOS ORIGINAIS

Redes neurais e representação mental: um ensaio sobre harmonia e racionalidade

Neural networks and mental representation: an essay on harmony and rationality

Maria Eunice Quilici Gonzales

Departamento de Filosofia da Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências - UNESP - 17500 - Marília - SP

RESUMO

Investigaremos, a partir da perspectiva da Ciência Cognitiva, a noção de representação mental, no domínio da percepção visual humana. Ênfase é dada ao paradigma Conexionista, ou de Redes Neurais, de acordo com o qual tais representações mentais são descritas como estruturas emergentes da interação entre sistemas de processamento de informação que se auto-organizam - tais como o cérebro - e a luz estruturada no meio ambiente. Sugerimos que essa noção de representação mental indica uma solução para uma antiga polêmica, entre Representacionalistas e Eliminativistas, acerca da existência de representações mentais no sistema perceptual humano.

Unitermos: Percepção visual; conexionismo; redes neurais; ciência cognitiva; padrões de informação; representação mental; auto-organização.

ABSTRACT

We develop an analysis of the notion of mental representation, in the domain of visual perception, from a Cognitive Science perspective. Emphasis is given on a Connectionist view, according to which mental representations are emergent properties of the interaction between brain-like systems and structured light in the environment. We suggest that such a notion of mental representation indicates a way out of an ancient dispute between Representationalism and Eliminativism regarding the existence of mental representation in the human perceptual system.

Keywords: Visual perception; connectionism; neural networks; cognitive science; patterns of information; mental representation; self-organization.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

1. ARMSTRONG, D. M. A materialist theory of the mind. New York: Humanities Press, 1968.
2. BAKER, L. R. Saving beliefs: a critique of physicalism. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987.
3. BICKHARD, M., RICHIE, D. On the nature of mental representation: a case study of James Gibson's theory of perception. London: Praeger, 1983.
4. CHURCHLAND, P. M, Cognitive activity in artificial neural networks. In: OSHERSON, D. N., SMITH, E. E., ed. -Thinking. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1990. v. 3, p. 199-227.
5. DESCARTES, R. As meditações. Trad, de J. Guinsburg e Bento Prado Júnior. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1979.
6. DREYFUS, H. What computers can't do. New York: Harper and Row, 1972.
7. DRETSKE, F. Knowledge and the flow of information. Cambridge: Bradford Books, 1981.
8. FODOR, J. A., PYLYSHYN, Z. W. Cormectionism and cognitive architecture: a critical analysis. Cognition, Lausanne, v. 28, p. 3-71, 1988.
9. GARDNER, H. The mind's new science: a history of cognitive revolution. New York: Basic Books, 1987.
10. GIBSON, J. J. The ecological approach to visual perception. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1979
11. GONZALES, M. E. Q. A cognitive approach to visual perception. Colchester: Essex University, 1989. Tese (Doutorado).
12. GONZALES, M. E. Q., FRENCH, T., TREFFNER, P. A naturalistic approach to mental representation. In: GILHOOLY, K., KEANE, M., ERDOS, G., ed. - Lines of thinking: reflections on the psychology of thought. London: John Wiley & Sons, 1990, p. 57-69.
13. HANSON, N. R. Patterns of discovery. Cambridge University Press, 1958.
14. HEBB, D. O. Organization of behavior. New York: John Wiley, 1949.
15. MARR, D. Vision. San Francisco: Freeman, 1980.
16. NEWELL, A., SHAW, J., SIMON, H. Human problem solving. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs, 1972.
17. PUTNAM, H. The meaning. In: GUNDERSON, K. Mentality and machines. New York: Crowell, 1975.
18. PYLYSHYN, Z. W. Computation and cognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984.
19. REID, T. (1785) Essays on the intellectual powers of man. London: Sheldon Press, 1986.
20. RUMELHART, D., MACCLELLAND, J. Explorations in parallel distributed processing. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988, v. 1.
21. SCHEERER, E. Towards a history of cognitive science. Cognitive Science, Norwood, NJ, v. 115, p. 7-9, 1988.
22. SMOLENSKY, P. Information processing in dynamical systems: foundations of harmony theory. In: RUMELHART, D., MACCLELLAND, J., Explorations in parallel distributed processing. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986. v. 1. p. 390-431.
23. WIENER, N, Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine. 2. ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1961.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
28 Nov 2011
Data do Fascículo
Dez 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. ARMSTRONG, D. M. A materialist theory of the mind. New York: Humanities Press, 1968.

[2] 2. BAKER, L. R. Saving beliefs: a critique of physicalism. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987.

[3] 3. BICKHARD, M., RICHIE, D. On the nature of mental representation: a case study of James Gibson's theory of perception. London: Praeger, 1983.

[4] 4. CHURCHLAND, P. M, Cognitive activity in artificial neural networks. In: OSHERSON, D. N., SMITH, E. E., ed. -Thinking. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1990. v. 3, p. 199-227.

[5] 5. DESCARTES, R. As meditações. Trad, de J. Guinsburg e Bento Prado Júnior. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1979.

[6] 6. DREYFUS, H. What computers can't do. New York: Harper and Row, 1972.

[7] 7. DRETSKE, F. Knowledge and the flow of information. Cambridge: Bradford Books, 1981.

[8] 8. FODOR, J. A., PYLYSHYN, Z. W. Cormectionism and cognitive architecture: a critical analysis. Cognition, Lausanne, v. 28, p. 3-71, 1988.

[9] 9. GARDNER, H. The mind's new science: a history of cognitive revolution. New York: Basic Books, 1987.

[10] 10. GIBSON, J. J. The ecological approach to visual perception. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin, 1979

[11] 11. GONZALES, M. E. Q. A cognitive approach to visual perception. Colchester: Essex University, 1989. Tese (Doutorado).

[12] 12. GONZALES, M. E. Q., FRENCH, T., TREFFNER, P. A naturalistic approach to mental representation. In: GILHOOLY, K., KEANE, M., ERDOS, G., ed. - Lines of thinking: reflections on the psychology of thought. London: John Wiley & Sons, 1990, p. 57-69.

[13] 13. HANSON, N. R. Patterns of discovery. Cambridge University Press, 1958.

[14] 14. HEBB, D. O. Organization of behavior. New York: John Wiley, 1949.

[15] 15. MARR, D. Vision. San Francisco: Freeman, 1980.

[16] 16. NEWELL, A., SHAW, J., SIMON, H. Human problem solving. New Jersey: Englewood Cliffs, 1972.

[17] 17. PUTNAM, H. The meaning. In: GUNDERSON, K. Mentality and machines. New York: Crowell, 1975.

[18] 18. PYLYSHYN, Z. W. Computation and cognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1984.

[19] 19. REID, T. (1785) Essays on the intellectual powers of man. London: Sheldon Press, 1986.

[20] 20. RUMELHART, D., MACCLELLAND, J. Explorations in parallel distributed processing. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988, v. 1.

[21] 21. SCHEERER, E. Towards a history of cognitive science. Cognitive Science, Norwood, NJ, v. 115, p. 7-9, 1988.

[22] 22. SMOLENSKY, P. Information processing in dynamical systems: foundations of harmony theory. In: RUMELHART, D., MACCLELLAND, J., Explorations in parallel distributed processing. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986. v. 1. p. 390-431.

[23] 23. WIENER, N, Cybernetics, or control and communication in the animal and the machine. 2. ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1961.

Brasil

Brasil

Redes neurais e representação mental: um ensaio sobre harmonia e racionalidade

Neural networks and mental representation: an essay on harmony and rationality

Resumos

Datas de Publicação