Notes
By mathematical explanation I mean mathematical explanation of physical facts, often called external mathematical explanation. Internal mathematical explanations are mathematical explanations of mathematical facts, and these are not considered in AMS or here. For a nice description of both types of explanation see Hafner and Mancosu (2005).
References
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Koo, A. The application of mathematics in science. Metascience 23, 263–268 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11016-014-9875-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11016-014-9875-x