Skip to main content
Log in

Darwin and Inheritance: The Influence of Prosper Lucas

  • Published:
Journal of the History of Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

An important historical relation that has hardly been addressed is the influence of Prosper Lucas’s Treatise on Natural Inheritance on the development of Charles Darwin’s concepts related to inheritance. In this article we trace this historical connection. Darwin read Lucas’s Treatise in 1856. His reading coincided with many changes concerning his prior ideas on the transmission and expression of characters. We consider that this reading led him to propose a group of principles regarding prepotency, hereditary diseases, morbid tendencies and atavism; following Lucas, he called these principles: laws of inheritance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Balan, Bernard. 1989. “Prosper Lucas.” In Claude Bénichou (ed.), L’Ordre des Caractères. Aspects de l’hérédité Dans l’histoire des Sciences de l’homme. Paris: Vrin, pp. 49–71.

  • Barrett, PH, Herbert, S, Kohn, D, Smith, S (eds.). 1987. Charles Darwin’s Notebooks 1836–1844: Geology, Transmutation of Species, Metaphysical Enquiries. Ithaca:British Museum (Natural History) and Cornell University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bartley, Mary M. 1992. ‹Darwin and Domestication: Studies on Inheritance.’ JHB 25(2): 307–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bellon, Richard. 2006. ‹Joseph Hooker Takes a ‹Fixed Post’: Transmutation and the ‹Present Unsatisfactory State of Systematic Botany’, 1844–60.’ JHB 39: 1–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bonneuil, Christophe. 2002. ‹The Manufacture of Species: Kew Gardens, the Empire and Standardisation of Taxonomic Practices in Late Nineteenth-Century Botany.’ Marie-Noëlle Bourguet, Christian Licoppe, H Otto Sibum (eds.), Instruments, Travel and Science: Itineraries of Precision from the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Century. London:Routledge, pp. 189–215.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowler, Peter. 1984. Evolution: The History of an Idea. Berkeley, London:University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowler, Peter. 1989. The Mendelian Revolution: The Emergence of Hereditarian Concepts in Modern Science and Society. Baltimore:John Hopkins University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bulmer, Michael. 1999. ‹The Development of Francis Galton’s Ideas on the Mechanism of Heredity.’ JHB 32: 263–282.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burbridge, David. 2001. ‹Francis Galton on Twins, Heredity and Social Class.’ BJHS 34: 323–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burkhardt, Frederick et al. (eds.). 1989. The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Vol. 5. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Burkhardt, Frederick et al. (eds.).1990. The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Vol. 6. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Burkhardt, Frederick et al. (eds.).1991. The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Vol. 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Burkhardt, Frederick et al. (eds.).1997. The Correspondence of Charles Darwin, Vol. 10. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

  • Carlson, Elof A. 2001. The Unfit: A History of a Bad Idea. Cold Spring Harbor, NY:Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Churchill, Frederick B. 1987. ‹From Heredity Theory to Vererbung: The Transmission Problem, 1850–1915.’ ISIS 78: 336–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Charles. 1839. Questions about the Breeding of Animals. London:John Murray.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Charles. 1859. On the Origin of the Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. London:John Murray.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Charles. 1868. The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication. 2 vols. London: John Murray.

  • Darwin, Charles. 1871. The Descent of Man and Selection in Relation to Sex. London:John Murray.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Charles. 1872. The Origin of the Species by Mean of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life. Oxford:Oxford University Press. 1856 Reimpression by 6th edition.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Charles. 1876. The Effects of Cross and Self Fertilization in the Vegetable Kingdom. London:John Murray.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Francis. 1909. The Foundations of the Origin of Species: Two Essays. Written in 1842 and 1844. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin, Francis, Seward, A. C. (eds.). 1903. More Letters of Charles Darwin. A Record of his Work in a Series of Hitherto Unpublished Letters, 1st ed. London:John Murray.

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Gregorio, Mario A. 1990. Charles Darwin’s Marginalia. New York:Garland Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Endersby, Jim. 2003. ‹Darwin on Generation, Pangenesis, and Sexual Selection.’ Jonathan Hodge, Gregory Radick (eds.), The Cambridge Companion to Darwin. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, pp. 69–91.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Galton, Francis. 1865. ‹Hereditary Character and Talent.’ Macmillan’s Magazine 12: 157–166.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gayon, Jean. 1998. Darwinism’s Struggle for Survival: Heredity and the Hypothesis of Natural Selection. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gayon, Jean. 2000. ‹From Measurement to Organization: A Philosophical Scheme for the History of the Concept of Heredity.’ PJ Beurton, R Falk, H Rheinberger (eds.), The Concept of the Gene in Development and Evolution. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, pp. 69–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gayon, Jean 2006. “Hérédité des Caractères Acquis.” P. Corsi et al. (eds.), Lamarck, Philosophe de la Nature. Paris: Vrin, pp. 105–163 (on Prosper Lucas, pp. 157–161).

  • Gayon, Jean, Zallen, Doris T. 1998. ‹The Role of the Vilmorin Company in the Promotion and Diffusion of the Experimental Science of Heredity in France, 1840–1920.’ JHB 31: 241–262.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gienapp, John Charles. 1970. Animal Hybridization and the Species Question from Aristotle to Darwin. Doctoral Thesis, Universidad de Kansas.

  • Hodge, M. Jonathan S. 1985. “Darwin as a Lifelong Generations Theorist.” D. Kohn (ed.), The Darwinian Heritage, Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp. 207–244 y en M. J. S.

  • Hodge, M Jonathan S. 1989. ‹Generation and the Origin of the Species (1837–1937): A Historiographical Suggestion.’ BJHS 22: 267–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewes, GH. 1856. ‹Hereditary Influence, Animal and Human.’ Westminster Review 66: 135–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • López-Beltrán, Carlos. 1992. Human Heredity 1750–1870, The Construction of a Domain. Thesis of Ph.D., University of London [Doctoral Thesis].

  • López-Beltrán, Carlos. 2004a. El Sesgo Hereditario. ámbitos Históricos del Concepto de Herencia Biológica. México:UNAM.

    Google Scholar 

  • López-Beltrán, Carlos. 2004b. ‹In the Cradle of Heredity; French Physicians and L’Hérédité Naturelle in the Early 19th Century.’ JHB 37(1): 39–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, Prosper. 1847. Traité Philosophique et Physiologique de Lherédité Naturelle. Vol. I. Paris: Chez J. B. Bailliére.

  • Lucas, Prosper. 1850. Traité Philosophique et Physiologique de Lhérédité Naturelle. Vol. II. Paris: Chez J. B. Bailliére.

  • Wells, Kentwood D. 1971. ‹Sir William Lawrence (1783–1867) a Study of Pre-Darwinian Ideas on Heredity and Variation.’ JHB 4: 319–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mayr, Ernst. 1982. The Growth of Biological Thought-Diversity, Evolution and Inheritance. Cambridge:The Belknap Press of Harvard.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mellon, David. 1996. Prosper Lucas’s “On the Heredity of Mental Illness” (1850). New Mexico:Genetics Heritage Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mucchielli, Laurent. 2000. ‹Criminologie, Hygiénisme et Eugénisme en France (1870–1914): Débats Médicaux sur L’élimination des Criminels Réputés «Incorrigibles».’ Revue d’histoire des Sciences Humaines 3: 57–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nouzeilles, Gabriela. 1997. “Ficciones Paranoicas de Fin de Siglo: Naturalismo Argentino y Policía Médica.” MLN 112(2, Hispanic Issue): 232–252.

  • Olby, C. Robert. 1966. Origins of Mendelism. London:Constable.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olby, C. Robert. 1993. “Constitutional and Hereditary Disorders.” W.F. Bynum (ed.), Companion Encyclopedia of the History of Medicine, Vol. 1. London: Routledge, pp. 412–437.

  • Müller-Wille, Staffan and Hans-Jörg, Rheinberger. 2005. A Cultural History of Heredity III: 19th and Early 20th Centuries. Material online: http://www.mpiwgberlin.mpg.de/Preprints/P294.PDF

  • Stauffer, R. C. (ed.). 1975. Charles Darwin’s Natural Selection; Being the Second Part of his Big Species Book Written from 1836 to 1858. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vedder, Ulrike. 2005. Writing Heredity: Emile Zola’s Rougon-Macquart and Thomas Mann’s Buddenbrooks. Berlin: Max-Planck Institute for the History of Science.

  • Vorzimmer, Peter J. 1977. ‹The Darwinian Reading Notebooks (1838–1860).’ JHB 10: 107–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waller, John C. 2002. ‹The Illusion of an Explanation: The Concept of Hereditary Disease, 1770–1870.’ Journal of the History of Medicine 57: 410–448. October.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein, A. 1977. ‹How Unknown was Mendel’s Paper?’ JHB 10(2): 341–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Winther, Rasmus G. 2000. ‹Darwin on the Variation and Heredity.’ JHB 33: 425–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ricardo Noguera-Solano.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Noguera-Solano, R., Ruiz-Gutiérrez, R. Darwin and Inheritance: The Influence of Prosper Lucas. J Hist Biol 42, 685–714 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-008-9175-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10739-008-9175-7

Keywords

Navigation