Abstract
The article is divided into five parts that take readers through a historical and sociological analysis of the birth of European nationalism and concludes by emphasizing the need to overcome nationalism. In the first three parts, the author provides readers with detailed arguments on the historical background of nationalism. These show that the ideas of nationalism provided modern society with an important type of social bond. However, the article also focuses on why this type of social bond became the source of serious trouble in central Europe. It has produced many disastrous events, such as wars, the holocaust, and ethnic-cleansing. Moreover, it has brought about a style of thinking that is too rigid and out of date in our globalizing world. The fourth part shows that nationalism operates through nationalist identity-myths. In the final part of the article, the author demonstrates how this new type of nationalism type has influenced the philosophy of education, teaching and national curricula and suggests a few maxims that should govern the transition from nationalist to trans-nationalist perspectives (not only) in education.
[1] Bauman, Z. (2004). Modernita a holocaust [Modernity and the holocaust]. Praha: Slon. Search in Google Scholar
[2] Beck, U. (2004). Riziková společnost. Na cestě k jiné moderně. [Risk society: Towards a new modernity]. Praha: Slon. Search in Google Scholar
[3] Beck, U. (2010). Those who play the national card lose. [on-line] Goethe-Institute [cit 9. 5. 2010]. Retrieved from http://www.goethe.de/ges/eur/eid/en1767656.htm Search in Google Scholar
[4] Cherubini, G. (1999). Rolník a zemědělství [Peasant and agriculture]. In J. LeGoff. Středověký člověk a jeho svět [Medieval men and their world] (pp. 101–121). Praha: Vyšehrad. Search in Google Scholar
[5] van Dülmen, R. (2006). Kultura a každodenní život v ranném novověku [Culture and everyday life in the early modern period] (pp. 61–121). Praha: Argo. Search in Google Scholar
[6] Fetjö, F. (1998). Rekviem za mrtvou říši. O zkáze Rakouska-Uherska [Requiem for a dead empire. On the destruction of Austria-Hungary]. Praha: Academia. Search in Google Scholar
[7] Foucault, M. (2000). Dohlížet a trestat [Discipline and punish]. Praha: Dauphin. Search in Google Scholar
[8] Foucault, M. (2005). Je třeba bránit společnost [Society must be defended, French orig.“Il faut défender la société”]. Praha: Filosofia. Search in Google Scholar
[9] Gecse, A., & Gecse, D. (2010). Dějiny a tradice české menšiny v Rumunsku. [History and traditions of the Czech Minority in Romania, Vol.1]. Timisoara: Eubeea. Search in Google Scholar
[10] Gellner, E. (1997). Podmínky svobody. [Conditions of liberty]. Brno: CDK. Search in Google Scholar
[11] Gellner, E. (2003). Nacionalismus [Nationalism]. Brno: CDK. Search in Google Scholar
[12] Hickman, L. A. (1998). Dewey’s theory of inquiry. In L. A. Hickman (Ed.). Reading Dewey: Interpretation for a postmodern generation (pp. 166–186). Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Search in Google Scholar
[13] Hroch, M. (1999). V národním zájmu [In the national interest]. Praha: NLN. Search in Google Scholar
[14] Keller, J. (2001). Úvod do sociologie [Introduction to sociology]. Praha: Slon. Search in Google Scholar
[15] Kohák, E. (2010). Domov a dálava [Hearth and horizon]. Praha: Filosofia. Search in Google Scholar
[16] Márai, S. (2008). Deníky: Svazek I [Diaries: Vol. 1] (1943–1967). Praha: Academia. Search in Google Scholar
[17] Mounce, H. O. (1997). The two pragmatisms. From Peirce to Rorty. London: Routledge. Search in Google Scholar
[18] Rossiaud, J. (1999). Měšťan [Burgher]. In J. LeGoff Středověký člověk a jeho svět. [Medieval men and their world] (pp.123–156). Praha: Vyšehrad. Search in Google Scholar
[19] Simmel, G. (1997). Peníze v moderní kultuře a jiné eseje [Money in modern culture and other essays]. Praha: Slon. Search in Google Scholar
[20] Shook, J. R. (2000). Dewey’s empirical theory of knowledge and reality. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. Search in Google Scholar
© 2014 Institute for Research in Social Communication, Slovak Academy of Sciences
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
