Abstract
Confucianism advocates the lofty moral ideal of “humane love” (ren ai 仁愛) and condemns immoral actions. Strangely enough, however, Mencius, a “paradigmatic Confucian intellectual” who believed that “a true man cannot be corrupted by wealth, subdued by power, or affected by poverty” (Tu 1989a: 15), highly commended such typically corrupt actions as bending the law for the benefit of relatives or appointing people by mere nepotism when he talked about Shun 舜 in the text of the Mencius. In the first four sections of this article, I will address the issue of how Confucianism encourages a special kind of corruption through its fundamentally consanguineous affection. Then, in the remaining sections, I will try to respond to some criticisms of my views by a few Chinese scholars.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Chan, Wing-tsit. 1963. A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
____. 1968. “Chinese Theory and Practice, with Special Reference to Humanism.” In The Chinese Mind: Essential of Chinese Philosophy and Culture. Ed. by Charles Moore. Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii.
De Bary, Wm. Theodore, and Richard Lufrano, compiled. 1999. Sources of Chinese Tradition, 2nd ed., vol. 2. New York: Columbia University Press.
Ding, Weixiang 丁爲祥. 2003. “Traditions: Concrete and Universalistic 傳統 : 具體而又普遍.” In Guo 2004b: 188–201.
____. 2004. “A Modern Reflection on Confucian Ideas of Consanguineous Affection and Human Love 儒家血緣親情與人倫之愛的現代反思.” In Guo 2004b: 134–187.
Fung, Yu-lan 馮友蘭. 1952. A History of Chinese Philosophy Vol. 1. Trans. by Derk Bodde, 2nd ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Gong, Jianping 龔建平. 2003. “‘The Service of Parents is the Greatest’: Is it Corruption or Consanguineous Affection? ‘親親爲大’是‘腐敗’? 抑或‘血親倫理’?” In Guo 2004b: 117–133.
Guo, Qiyong 郭齊勇. 2002. “Also on ‘the Son’s Concealment of the Father’ and Mencius on Shun 也談‘子爲父隱’與孟子論舜.” In Guo 2004b: 12–20.
____. 2004a. “Preface for A Collection of Contention about Confucian Ethic 儒家倫理爭鳴集 序言.” In Guo 2004b: 1–11.
____ ed. 2004b. A Collection of Contention about Confucian Ethics 儒家倫理爭鳴集. Wuhan 武漢: Hubei Jiaoyu Chubanshe 湖北教育出版社.
Guo, Qiyong, and Gong Jianping. 2004. “‘Mutual Concealment between the Relatives’ in the Context of the ‘Rule by Virtue’ ‘德治’語境中的‘親親相隱’.” In Guo 2004b: 45–62.
Kierkegaard, Soren. 1954. “Fear and Trembling.” In Fear and Trembling: The Sickness unto Death. Trans. by Walter Lowrie. 21–132. New York: Doubleday & Company, Inc.
Lau, D. C. 1970. Mencius. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin.
____. 1979. Confucius: The Analects. Harmondsworth, UK, Penguin.
Legge, James. 1960. Confucian Analects. In The Chinese Classics Vol. 1. Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong Press.
____. 1985. The Works of Mencius. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Liu, Junping 劉軍平. 2004. “On the Ethical Basis and Legal Resort of Confucian Idea of ‘Mutual Concealment between the Relatives’ 儒家‘親親相隱’的倫理依據和法律訴求.” In Guo 2004b: 735–750.
Liu, Qingping 劉清平. 2000. “On the Consanguineous Cliquism of the Doctrine of Confucius and Mencius 論孔孟儒學的血親團體性特徵.” In Guo 2004b: 853–887.
_____. 2001. “Is Mencius’ Doctrine of ‘Commiseration’ Tenable?” Asian Philosophy 11.2: 73–84.
_____. 2002. “Virtue or Corruption? 美德還是腐敗” In Guo 2004b: 888–896.
_____. 2003. “Filiality versus Sociality and Individuality: On Confucianism as ‘Consanguinitism.’” Philosophy East & West 53.2: 234–250.
_____. 2004a. “Is Mencius’ Doctrine of ‘Extending Affection’ Tenable?” Asian Philosophy 14.1: 79–90.
_____. 2004b. “From Traditional Confucianism to Post-Confucianism 從傳統儒家走向後儒家.” In Guo 2004b: 930–937.
_____. 2004c. “The Double Love Command in Tense Conflicts: On a Profound Paradox of Christian Ethics 張力衝突中的愛之誡命 : 基督宗教倫理學的一個深度悖論.” Zhexue Men 哲學門 5.1: 108–128.
_____. 2005a. “Loving One’s Relatives and Honoring Officials or Loving All Humans? 親親尊尊還是仁者愛人” Academic Forum 學術論壇 1 (2005): 22–26.
_____. 2005b. “On Some Textual Questions Connected with Shun’s Corrupt Cases in the Mencius 也談《孟子》中與舜的腐敗案例相關的幾個文本問題.” Jiangsu Xingzheng Xueyuan Xuebao 江蘇行政學院學報 4 (2005): 34–38.
Ouyang, Zhenren 歐陽禎人. 2004. “On Liu Jianquan’s Interpretations of the Daxue and the Xiaojing 論劉鑒泉先生的《〈大學〉、〈孝經〉貫義》.” In Guo 2004b: 241–266.
Schwartz, Benjamin. 1985. The World of Thought in Ancient China. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press.
Tu, Wei-ming 杜維明. 1989a. Confucianism in a Historical Perspective. Singapore: The Institute of East Asian Philosophies.
_____. 1989b. Centrality and Commonality–An Essay on Confucian Religiousness. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Weber, Max. 1964. The Religion of China. Trans. by Hans H. Gerth. New York: The Macmillan Company.
Wen, Bifang 文碧方. 2004. “Also on the Ultimate Root of Confucian Ethics 也論儒家倫理道德本原根據.” In Guo 2004b: 267–322.
Wong, D. (David). 1989. “Universalism versus Love with Distinctions: An Ancient Debate Revived.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 16: 251–272.
Wu, Genyou 吳根友. 2004. “How to Keep Proper Tension between Universalism and Historicism? 如何在普遍主義與歷史主義之間保持適度的張力” In Guo 2004b: 547–563.
Xiong, Shili 熊十力. 1996. “Letters on Chinese Culture 論中國文化書簡.” In The Foundation of Modern New-Confucianism: An Anthology of Xiong Shili 現代新儒學的根基 : 熊十力新儒學論著輯要. Edited by Guo Qiyong, 331–351. Beijing 北京: Zhongguo Guangbo Dianshi Chubanshe 中國廣播電視出版社.
Yang, Haiwen 楊海文. 2002. “Knowledge of Documents, Skills of Hermeneutics, and Concern for Humanities 文獻學功底、解釋學技巧和人文學關懷.” In Guo 2004b: 501–517.
Yang, Zebo 楊澤波. 2003. “A Misreading of the Mencius 孟子的誤讀.” In Guo 2004b: 63–74.
______. 2004. “Corruption or Hypercriticism? 腐敗還是苛求” In Guo 2004b: 92–116.
Zhu, Xi 朱熹. 1983. Collected Commentaries on the Four Books 四書章句集注. Beijing 北京: Zhonghua Shuju 中華書局.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qingping, L. Special Topic: Filial Piety: The Root of Morality or the Source of Corruption?. Dao 6, 1–19 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11712-007-9000-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11712-007-9000-6