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Desire and Violence in Renaissance England Christopher Marlowe’s Edward II

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Abstract

This article attempts, through a reading of Christopher Marlowe’s Edward II, to articulate both formally and historically the nexus of power, violence and desire in Renaissance England. The opening section establishes the play’s engagement with an interlocking set of social conflicts constitutive of the discourse of order in sixteenth century England: the paradoxical relationship of monarch to aristocracy, and a class conflict which threatens historically the established social hierarchy. The specific collision of these two historical determinations can be directly traced to the complex of desire–specifically, homosocial desire–and violence which the play posits as in-forming the very structure of the social whole. The second section consequently follows the dynamic of desire which drives the play’s narrative forward. The ostensible climax of this narrative is Edward IPs violent and troubling death, to which the final section of the argument is devoted. Exposing narrative violence and narrative desire as the forms through which the social order grounds and legitimates itself, the scene’s own disruption of narrative and its claims to authority constitutes, I argue, a far-reaching meta-critique of the play’s own historical moment, a complex de-construction of the very foundations upon which the social formation has been established.

Zusammenfassung

Die hier vorgeführte Lektüre von Christopher Marlowes Edward II versucht, den Nexus von Macht, Gewalt und Begierde im England der Renaissance formal und historisch zu erschlieβen. Im ersten Teil wird die Entstehung des Stückes im Feld von zwei miteinander verwickelten Typen sozialen Konflikts skizziert, die den englischen Diskurs sozialer Ordnung im sechzehnten Jahrhundert prägen: dem widersprüchlichen Verhältnis zwischen König und Adel und dem die etablierte soziale Hierarchie bedrohenden Klassenkonflikt. Im Theaterstück selbst läβt sich die spezifische Auseinandersetzung zwischen diesen zwei historischen Bedingungszusammenhängen direkt auf die Vernetzung von Begierde–insbesondere homosozialer Begierde–und Gewalt zurückführen, die vom Stück als für die Struktur des sozialen Ganzen bestimmend dargestellt wird. Der zweite Teil zeichnet deswegen die Dynamik der Begierde nach, die die Narration des Stückes vorantreibt. Deren Höhepunkt scheint Edwards II brutaler und beunruhigender Mord zu sein, dem der letzte Teil dieses Beitrags gewidmet ist. Die Szene läβt narrative Gewalt und narrative Begierde als diejenigen Formen faβbar werden, durch die die soziale Ordnung sich fundiert und legitimiert. So funktioniert ihre Unterminierung von Narrativität sowie deren Autoritätsansprüchen als radikale Metakritik an dem historischen Moment des Stückes selbst, d.h. als eine De-konstruktion der Grundlagen, auf denen die betreffende soziale Formation sich etabliert hatte.

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Literature

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Raman, S. Desire and Violence in Renaissance England Christopher Marlowe’s Edward II. Dtsch Vierteljahrsschr Literaturwiss Geistesgesch 71, 39–69 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03374596

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