Abstract
This chapter is devoted to the problem of freedom in the writings of the Russian philosopher, Lev Shestov. For him, attaining spiritual freedom means overcoming existential anxiety about fate (to borrow Paul Tillich’s term) on the way to comprehending God. Shestov’s work is aimed at liberating man from the power of an extrinsic anonymous, objective order that consigns man to suffering here on earth. By correlating the interpretation of existential experience and the Bible, Shestov arrives at his own religious-philosophical concept of freedom. The chapter examines three mythologemes that are fundamental to Shestov’s philosophy of freedom: “creation out of nothing” (as the ultimate expression of dispensation), “the Fall” (as the metaphysical ground for irrationalism), and eschatological “annulment of past evil” (as the moral correlate of theistic voluntarism).
An earlier version of this chapter was published under the same title in Studies in East European Thought 68: 213–227 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11212-016-9257-6. Reused here with permission.
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Notes
- 1.
In his work, Sola fide Shestov also compares Luther’s experience with that of “the underground man” (Shestov 1966, 247).
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Sineokaya, Y.V., Khokhlov, A.M. (2021). Lev Shestov’s Philosophy of Freedom. In: Bykova, M.F., Forster, M.N., Steiner, L. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Russian Thought. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62982-3_10
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