Abstract
Lake Tanganiyka has lefty and righty cichlid fish that show there can be natural selection for a trait over its mirror image counterpart.This raises the question ‘Can there be biological selection of a whole organism over its mirror image counterpart?’ That is, could the fitness of a fish be altered by simply changing it into its own enantaniomorph? My answer is no. I present Flatlander thought experiment to demonstrate that mirror imagecounterparts are duplicates because they only differ in how they happen to be oriented in space. The counterparts have the same intrinsic properties and are in the same environment,so there can be no difference in fitness.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Clifford W.K. 1901. "Conditions of Mental Development”. In: Stephen L. and Pollock F. (eds), Lectures and Essays Vol. I. Macmillan, London, pp. 79–119.
Earman J. 1971. "Kant, Incongruous Counterparts, and the Nature of Space and Time” Ratio 1-18. In: van Cleve's J. and Frederick's R. (eds), The Philosophy of Right and Left. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht 1991, pp. 131–149.
Eddington A. 1928. The Nature of the Physical World. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Fisher R.A. 1930. The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford University Press, London.
Gardner M. 1990. The Ambidextrous Universe. W.H. Freeman, New York.
Geach P. 1969. God and the Soul. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Hori M. 1993. "Frequency dependent natural selection in the handedness of scale eating cichlid fish”. Science 260: 216–219.
Jammer M. 1969. Concepts of Space. second edn. Harvard University Press.
Laland K.N. and Odling-Smee F.J. 2000. “Niche Construction, Ecological Inheritance and Cycles of Contingency”. In: Gray R., Griffiths P. and Oyama S. (eds), Cycles of Contingency. MIT Press, Cambridge.
Langton R. and Lewis D. 1998. "Defining ‘intrinsic”'. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 58: 333–345.
Quinton A. 1962. "Spaces and Times. Philosophy XXXVII: 130–147.
Smith J.M. and Szathmary E. 1999. The Origins of Life. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Van Cleve J. 1987. "Right, Left and the Fourth Dimension” The Philosophical Review 96: 33-68. In: van Cleve's J. and Frederick's R. (eds), The Philosophy of Right and Left. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991, Dordrecht, pp. 203–234.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sorensen, R. Mirror imagery and biological selection. Biology & Philosophy 17, 409–422 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020160213338
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020160213338