Abstract

The philosophia prima or metaphysics is among the branches of the theoretical philosophy, and speaks of "existent qua existent" and its essential aspects. In this way, the Muslim philosophers also have followed the First Master.In al-Shawahid al-rububiyyah, as regards the subject of Divine philosophy and the implication of the term ''qua existent Mulla Sadra says:1- The predications in Divine philosophy are, firstly and essentially, occurred on the existent qua existent. Thus the existent qua existent is the subject of Divine philosophy.2- The subjects of the other disciplines are the natural existent and the mathematical existent; the former being the subject of natural philosophy; and the latter, that of mathematical sciencees. In order to be the subject of the Divine philosophy, however, the existent does not need any of these affirmative attributes.3- Mulla Sadra speaks of the absolute existent, which after accepting certain particular attributes, turns to the subject of particular. He does not make clear, however, what he means: absolute in terms of division, or absolute in terms of the source of [all ontological] divisions.Then the connotation of absoluteness in terms of division and in terms of the source of division, according to Muslim philosophers, are introduced, and opinions of Sabziwari, 'Allamah Tabataba'i and Misbah Yazdi, and finally the opinion of Dr. Ha'iri Yazdi in his Kawishha-yi 'aql-i nazari are put forth. And in some places, the latter's opinions are criticized.