Abstract

The article discusses three uses of the term »postmodern« by Rudolf Pannwitz, which first appeared in his 1917 book Die Krisis der europäischen Kultur. Whereas Wolfgang Welsch interpreted this concept as a new version of Nietzsche's ideal of the Übermensch, the article instead proposes to regard the »postmodern man« as an update of Nietzsche's letzter Mensch and therefore as a negative image of a threatening development towards superficiality and a lack of creativity, both of which prevent the overcoming of the modern intellectual crisis based on nihilism and decadence. Although Pannwitz had no subsequent influence on postmodernity discourses, he had thus already sketched the concept of postmodernity-as-posthistoire. Furthermore, the article presents two additional and so far overlooked instances of »postmodern« in Pannwitz's work, namely from his 1921 autobiography Grundriss einer Geschichte meiner Kultur and from his 1951 article Der Nihilismus und die werdende Welt. The three examples arise from a relatively coherent array of cultural-philosophical concepts that delve into issues of modernity, classicism, romanticism, and naturalism.