L’arte Dal Punto Di Vista Sociologico. Una Lettura Politica De La Disumanizzazione Dell’arte [the Art From A Sociological Point Of View. A Political Reading Of The Dehumanization Of Art]

la Società Degli Individui 34:119-130 (2009)
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Abstract

La Disumanizzazione dell’arte si apre con un riferimento all’opera del filosofo Jean-Marie Guyau, L’art au point de vue sociologique, riferimento che diventa polemico dal momento in cui Ortega, al proporre una sua definizione «del punto di vista sociologico», si situa agli antipodi del pensatore francese. Questi afferma la natura sociale dell’arte, mentre Ortega riscontra la fecondità della sociologia nello studio dell’arte dal lato dei suoi effetti sociali. In questa discrepanza abbiamo incontrato da un lato un ‘ritorno a Kant’, a partire dall’affermazione della sociabilità come condizione dell’arte, e cioè del fatto che il sentimento individuale del bello è condiviso a priori da tutti e, dall’altro, l’acuta analisi dello ‘zoologo’ che scopre nell’arte l’origine, non della comunità universale kantiana, ma della distinzione fra coloro che intendono e coloro che non intendono.The Dehumanization of Art opens with a reference to the work by philosopher Jean-Marie Guyau titled L’art au point de vue sociologique. This reference, with its definition «from a sociological point of view», turns polemic since it situates Ortega at the antipodes of the French thinker. Guyau affirms the social nature of art, while Ortega discovers the fruitfulness of sociology in the study of art in terms of its social effects. In their discrepancy, we have marked, on the hand, a ‘return to Kant’ on the basis of the affirmation of sociability as a condition for art, that is, of the fact that the individual feeling of the beautiful is shared a priori by everyone; on the other, the sharp analysis of the ‘zoologist’, who finds in art the source, not of the Kantian universal community, but rather of the distinction between those who understand and those who do not

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