This paper studies the role of literature and rethorics as a tool of philosophical practice within the classical tradition of «spiritual exercises». The aim of this study is to propose new ways of thinking the relations among philosophy and literature as formative or psicagogic disciplines, as well as for stand up for the role of philosophy and literature in our society.

En 1950, la escritora mexicana Rosario Castellanos presentó, en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, _Sobre cultura femenina_ como tesis para obtener el grado de maestría en filosofía. El documento es “una reflexión filosófica en torno a la marginalidad de la contribuciones literarias, artísticas y científicas de las mujeres de la cultura occidental”. Más tarde, la misma Castellanos confiesa que el lenguaje que más le resultaba accesible para expresar sus ideas no era el filosófico sino el literario, aquel en el (...) cual las ideas “se disfrazaban de metáforas”. Así, a lo largo de su obra literaria posterior, Castellanos volverá una y otra vez sobre las mismas preguntas que se plantea en _Sobre cultura femenina_. El presente trabajo, muestra distintas estrategias que la autora utiliza en su obra poética para continuar las reflexiones que plantea en su tesis de 1950. Para ello, se muestran distintas relaciones que tienen algunos momentos sobresalientes en su tesis con algunos de sus poemas tardíos. Palabras clave: Rosario Castellanos - Sobre cultura femenina - Poesía. (shrink)

This paper attempts a renewed understanding of the concept of poetic reason, key in María Zambrano’s philosophical writings, from a hermeneutical approach. Poetic reason might be seen in this light as a gateway to a different kind of rationality, one that might help to enrich its ontological and anthropological implications, and overcome the hubris that has been historically ingrained in this concept. The paper is structured in three parts: in the first one, an attempt will be made to show a (...) reform of the understanding, which involves human life integrally, in such a way that reason transcends and makes it possible to understand the historical complexity of man and the urgent need to return to oneself. In the second, special attention will be focused on Zambrano’s new humanism, based on poetic and merciful reason, as an antidote to the ghost of war. And the third section delves in the work Claros del bosque to point to the reader the three hermeneutical moments that they will possibly face when trying to understand the realm of poetic reason. (shrink)

Este artículo supone una aproximación a la práctica de la pintura como medio privilegiado para suspender nuestra habitual reducción de lo visible al mundo predeterminado de las categorías y funcionalidades, potenciando la apertura de una mirada atenta al aparecerse mismo de las cosas. A partir de la correspondencia entre autor y espectador a través de una mirada formadora, buscamos reivindicar la experiencia estética del mundo para tomar consciencia de nuestra relación sensible con lo observado en su desnuda extrañeza, donde nuestro (...) papel no es el de la dominación cognoscitiva, sino el de la participación y la diferencia. (shrink)

El estudio de la obra de Arturo A. Roig pone en evidencia su carácter de "clásico" de la filosofía "nuestroamericana". En efecto, el filósofo ha instituido categorías nuevas, redefinido otras más tradicionales, explorado vías para enriquecer el acervo filosófico con saberes provenientes de otras formas discursivas, escritas o populares trasmitidas por el lenguaje oral, y formado un discipulado prestigioso. Esta producción en su integridad, aun los estudios sobre la Historia de las Ideas Latinoamericanas, fue concebida por su autor como ancilla (...) emancipationis, una "filosofía del concernimiento" en términos de la Filosofía Intercultural. Como homenaje al Maestro Arturo A. Roig se comunica aquí un breve desarrollo teórico que incorpora las categorías de "a priori antropológico" y "moralidades emergentes", así como las redefiniciones de "ciudadanía" y "dignidad humana", a una investigación filosófica intercultural en curso sobre las "ciudadanías interculturales emergentes", resultante de las migraciones que constituyen el "fenómeno biopolítico mayor de nuestro tiempo". The study of Arturo A. Roig's work highlights his character as a "classic" of Our American philosophy. Indeed, the philosopher has instituted new categories, redefined more traditional ones, he has also explored new ways to enrich the philosophical wealth with the knowledge coming from other discursive forms, whether written or popular traditions transmitted orally, and he has built a prestigious discipleship. The totality of his production, even his studies on the History of Latin American Ideas, has been conceived as an ancilla emancipationis, "a philosophy of concern", as Intercultural Philosophy formulates it. Thus, as a homage to the Master Arturo A. Roig this contribution exposes a brief theoretical development incorporating as well the categories "anthropological a priori" and "emerging moralities", as the redefinitions of "citizenship" and "human dignity", to an actual philosophical enquiry on the "emerging intercultural citizenship" which results from the international migrations. (shrink)

It seeks to highlight the philosophical thought of María Zambrano in the relation to the category education, intention involved relating the shaft of his philosophizing, which is poetic reason, with the educational action. We therefore tried to is to show throughout this reflection that this relationship is based on the purpose of the author by materializing the idea of his poetic reason, which is none other than a transformative reason of man’s inner sustained in love and hope, which seeks to (...) enter into harmony with the positivistic reason and in conjunction recreate in the educational action, not only being the student, but also being the master, issue that will enable stakeholders in the educational process, addressing the object of study of interest from a perspective more humane and humanizing, where the formation of the self as himself, would have equal significance and importance to training in the area of knowledge of a certain profession, specific. In Zambrano training discipline and human are two purposes which is sensed, are part of a whole because they are understood from the perspective of a poetic reason which understands itself inclusive, intention that in education may become utopian, but precisely what we will show is that turned action hope, puts the poetic reason in the field of the educational reality Recognizing of course that in zambraniana intension should merge also various wills and powers. For this purpose, it will be necessary to resort to some texts of the work zambraniana, especially to philosophy and education, in which Sanchez-Gey Venegas and Casado collected manuscripts in which the philosopher makes express reference to the educational issue in perspective of hope, of vital importance in times where hopelessness colonizes the human heart. (shrink)