Abstract

ABSTRACT. Abubakr Muhammad ibn Ali (1165 - 1240), known as "Muhyiddin Ibn Arabi", is the founder of theoretical knowledge in the Islamic world. He was born in Murcia, Spain. Among the Muslim scholars, Ibn Arabi, the most prominent scholar who created a school of theoretical gnosis, is one of the geniuses who conquered the intellectual peak in the history of human thought. The greatest scientific work of Ibn Arabi, a well-known and outstanding scholar and thinker of the Islamic world, is to explain Islamic mysticism not by traditional philosophical terms and methods, but by taking into account its own reality and truth. The genius scientist has many invaluable works in this field. However, his two famous works "Futuhat al-Makkiyya" and "Fusus al-Hikam" allow us to call him the founder of the theoretical knowledge of the Muslim world. According to Ibn Arabi, women can also rise to all the mystical stages that men rise to. Even women can reach the polar stage. "The Conqueror of Futuhat" Ibn Arabi opened his eyes to the world in the Murcia region of Spain, but later he began to visit the centers of science and culture and visited Seville, Cordova, Morocco, Tunis, Cairo, Mecca, Baghdad and Damascus. In general, he spent most of his life in Mecca and Syria. Ibn Arabi laid the foundations of two main theories in theoretical gnosis - the concepts of " Waḥdat al-Wujūd (unity of existence)" and "Perfect Man". The theory of " Waḥdat al-Wujūd" that he put forward is not "pantheism". Because pantheism reflects a philosophical thought that considers the universe as a whole. In one case, Ibn Arabi's theory of " Waḥdat al-Wujūd" is based on the truth of God's existence. However, this essential truth has many manifestations and manifestations, and these are observed with accidental abundance. As a result, we can note that the truth and essence of existence is unity and oneness, but due to the accidental nature of manifestations and manifestations, it is incomplete. Manifestations and manifestations are indicators of his presence. Ibn Arabi, who spent the last years of his life in Damascus, died and was buried here in 1240. His mausoleum is currently on Mount Ghasyon in Damascus.