Abstract

In 1880, the brothers Jacques and Pierre Curie discovered that when certain natural crystals were compressed or stretched, electric charges appeared on the crystal faces. The brothers called this phenomenon “piezoelectricity”, and they themselves called such crystals piezoelectric crystals. As it turned out, tourmaline, quartz and other natural crystals, as well as many artificially grown crystals, have a piezoelectric effect. Such crystals regularly add to the list of already known piezoelectric crystals [1]. When such a piezoelectric crystal is stretched or compressed in the desired direction, opposite electric charges arise on some of its faces, which have a small potential difference.