La violencia como condición o como disolución de lo polí­tico: Carl Schmitt y Hannah Arendt

Signos Filosóficos 6:73-96 (2003)
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Abstract

Resumen: La violencia constituye una parte importante de las reflexiones de la filosofí­a polí­tica. Aquí­ se muestran dos propuestas encontradas. Por un lado, aquélla que sostiene que la violencia es la condición y punto de partida de lo polí­tico, presentada por Carl Schmitt. Al lado opuesto, Hannah Arendt, la concibe como elemento disolvente del ámbito de lo polí­tico. En el primero se parte de la consideración de lo polí­tico en permanente estado conflictivo. En la segunda, la violencia está fuera del ámbito polí­tico en tanto pertenece al espacio de lo biológico y al ámbito del trabajo. La polí­tica es libertad, concertación y diálogo, de manera que la violencia queda excluida y suplantada por los acuerdos plurales.: Violence constitutes an important element of reflection for political philosophy. Two proposed theories of violence are discussed here. One takes violence to be the condition of politics. This is Carl Schmitt"™s proposal. He says that politics is always conflictive: political space is a battle camp, a confrontational and fighting place. That is why we need of a sovereign, omnipresent, all powerful and authoritative State. The mark of the political expresses itself in the friend-enemy relation. According to the second theory of violence, Hannah Arendt "™s theory, violence is outside of political space. Violence belongs to biological and labor environments. Politics is freedom, dialog and agreement. These are the characteristics of political agreements among political agents

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