Abstract

The issue of morality is a universal phenomenon that is spoken and discussed above religions. There are moral values that every society accepts depending on their sociological and psychological conditions. From the first moment Islam came to the Arab society, it began to organize and renew the moral values of the society. As a model of the regulated and renewed moral values, The Prophet is shown. In this context, the moral consequences of the confusion in the Islamic society after the death of the Prophet and the criticisms of the sufis who emerged as a reaction to the corruption in the society occur. Although the fields of fiqh and kalam discuss different issues in their formation processes, a particular section on morality does not appear to exist in the fields of fiqh and kalam. The sufis criticize the neglection of the field of morality in Islamic disciplines, and highlight the need of elimination of this deficiency. Sufis who lived in the early period claim that the solution that would fill this gap and help Islamic thought reach perfection is sufism. In order to justify this claim, they produce works attempting to prove that sufism is an independent discipline like kalam and fiqh. In this process, sufism transforms from a practical and ascetic understanding into a discipline that produces knowledge like other religious disciplines.