Abstract

This chapter first explains Mill's analysis of Plato's teachings and his adoption and revision of Plato's dialectic for his own philosophic and moral project. Next, it offers an explanation of the continuities and differences between Mill and Aristotle in their respective conceptions of the task of cultivating a higher nature. Finally, it explains Mill's view of the different advantages and disadvantages represented by Athens and Sparta, which founded their respective regimes on distinct human needs – namely, creativity and social unity.