Human Nature 25 (3):359-377 (2014)
Abstract |
Building on and partially refining previous theoretical work, this paper presents an extended simulation model of ancestral warfare. This model (1) disentangles attack and defense, (2) tries to differentiate more strictly between selfish and altruistic efforts during war, (3) incorporates risk aversion and deterrence, and (4) pays special attention to the role of brutality.
Modeling refinements and simulation results yield a differentiated picture of possible evolutionary dynamics. The main observations are: (i) Altruism in this model is more likely to evolve for defenses than for attacks. (ii) Risk aversion, deterrence and the interplay of migration levels and brutality can change evolutionary dynamics substantially. (iii) Unexpectedly, one occasional simulation outcome is a dynamically stable state of ‘tolerated intergroup theft’, raising the question if corresponding patterns also exist in real intergroup conflicts. Finally, possible implications for theories of the co-evolution of bellicosity and altruism in humans are discussed.
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Keywords | intergroup conflict cooperation public good altruism warfare |
Categories | (categorize this paper) |
Reprint years | 2014 |
DOI | 10.1007/s12110-014-9199-y |
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References found in this work BETA
Life Histories, Blood Revenge, and Warfare in a Tribal Population. S. 87-99 in L. Betzig.N. Chagnon - forthcoming - Human Nature. A Critical Reader. Newyork/Oxford: Oxford University Press (Zuerst in Science 239: 985-92 (1988)).
Individualist and Multi-Level Perspectives on Selection in Structured Populations.Benjamin Kerr & Peter Godfrey-Smith - 2002 - Biology and Philosophy 17 (4):477-517.
Groups in Mind : The Coalitional Roots of War and Morality.John Tooby & Leda Cosmides - 2010 - In Henrik Høgh-Olesen (ed.), Human Morality and Sociality: Evolutionary and Comparative Perspectives. Palgrave-Macmillan. pp. 91--234.
Intergroup Aggression in Chimpanzees and War in Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers.Richard W. Wrangham & Luke Glowacki - 2012 - Human Nature 23 (1):5-29.
The Role of Rewards in Motivating Participation in Simple Warfare.Luke Glowacki & Richard W. Wrangham - 2013 - Human Nature 24 (4):444-460.
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Citations of this work BETA
Revisiting the Form and Function of Conflict: Neurobiological, Psychological, and Cultural Mechanisms for Attack and Defense Within and Between Groups.Carsten K. W. De Dreu & Jörg Gross - 2019 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 42:1-76.
What Makes People Go to War? Defensive Intentions Motivate Retaliatory and Preemptive Intergroup Aggression.Robert Böhm, Hannes Rusch & Özgür Gürerk - 2015 - MPRA Papers 64373.
The Conditions Favoring Between-Community Raiding in Chimpanzees, Bonobos, and Human Foragers.Sagar A. Pandit, Gauri R. Pradhan, Hennadii Balashov & Carel P. Van Schaik - 2016 - Human Nature 27 (2):141-159.
Editorial: Parochial Altruism – Pitfalls and Prospects.Hannes Rusch, Robert Böhm & Benedikt Herrmann - 2016 - Frontiers in Psychology 7.
A Note on the Endogeneity of Attacker and Defender Roles in Asymmetric Conflicts.Hannes Rusch & Robert Böhm - 2019 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences 42.
View all 9 citations / Add more citations
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