Abstract

The Soviet press and media system were part of the state institutions. In the mid-1990s, a significant degree of journalistic freedom that had developed in the late 1980s and the early 1990s was followed by a pronounced democratic setback, which was a result of the general political development in Russia. Despite this, the findings based on qualitative text analysis of articles in the daily press strongly indicate that, from the dissolution of the Soviet state, readers of the press are being increasingly addressed and positioned as active and knowledgeable citizens. The method for text examination is analysis of semantic roles exploring how agency is represented in the sample text material, which covers the democratically critical time span 1978–2003. The findings imply that, although post-Soviet journalism itself faces considerable difficulties, a firm cultural ground for citizen participation in society has been laid through changes in press language.