Teorija relativnosti u gimnazijskoj nastavi filozofije i fizike

Filozofska Istrazivanja 26 (3):571-584 (2006)
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Abstract

U nastavnim programima i udžbenicima filozofije teorija relativnosti zastupljena je u malo navoda, a javlja se uvijek u kontekstu onih dijelova programa filozofije koji se odnose na pojam znanosti i na odnos filozofije i znanosti. Primjereno prirodi filozofije, ti navodi, dakako, ne upućuju na zadatak izlaganja i propitivanja sadržaja i problema teorije relativnosti , nego na filozofske implikacije što ih pojava teorije relativnosti ima na trajni problem odnosafilozofije i znanosti, na filozofiju znanosti, i na razvoj kritičkog pojma znanosti i na teoriju znanosti uopće.U nastavnim programima fizike teorija relativnosti zastupljena je u 3. razredu gimnazije u dvjema sustavno raščlanjenim inačicama . Jasno su naznačeni obvezni sadržaji i izborni sadržaji. Isto je tako i u udžbenicima. Valja naglasiti da su to metodički suvremenokoncipirani, radni i problemski usmjereni udžbenici, koji se ujedno kontinuirano dorađuju i usavršavaju.U ovom pregledu programa i udžbenika autor nije bio u mogućnosti da sa sigurnošću točno utvrdi kada se i u kojem obliku prvi put javljaju sadržaji koji se odnose na teoriju relativnosti. Dijelom je to zato što ne raspolažemo potpunom bibliografijom udžbenika, a ni Zavod za školstvo ne raspolaže potpunim i pouzdanim pregledom svih progama fizike od 1941. godine do danas. Posebno ne za 3. i 4. razred gimnazije, za ono vrijeme kada su škole dijelom samostalno oblikovale te programe »prema zahtjevima struke«. Ostaju tako zadaci za daljnja istraživanja koja će provesti pojedinci i odgovarajuće ustanove .In high school curricula and philosophy textbooks, the theory of relativity is mentioned in veryfew entries, and always in the context of those sections of the philosophy syllabus which refer tothe concept of knowledge and the relationship between philosophy and science. According to thenature of philosophy, these entries certainly do not present and question the subject matter andproblems of the theory of relativity , but lead to the discussionof the philosophical implications of the theory of relativity on the perennial problem of the relationship between philosophyand science, on the philosophy of science, and on the development of the critical concept ofscience and the theory of science in general. In the high school physics curriculum, the theory ofrelativity is included in the 11th grade syllabus in two systematically decomposed versions . Mandatory and optional subject matter is clearly indicated. The same goes for textbooks.It is necessary to stressthat these aremethodologically contemporarily concipated, workandproblemoriented textbooks, which areregularlyimprovedand perfected. In our reviewsofhigh school curricula and textbooks, the authors could not with certainty determine at whattimeand in which form the first contents regardingthe theory of relativitywereincluded. Thisispartly due to the fact that we do not have access to the entirebibliography of the textbooksandthe Institute for Education does not have access to a complete and reliableoverview of allthephysics curricula from1941 to the present.This is particularly true for the junior and senioryearsof high school during the period when schools partially modeled their curricula independentlyaccordingto the »requirementsof the profession«.Asa result,further investigation is requiredwhich will be conducted by individuals and the appropriate institutions

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