The predominant trends in the European prison system are population growth and overcrowding of correctional facilities. Recently, the level of criminal offences in Lithuania has been gradually increasing. Current statistics on repeated criminal offences and forecasts of recidivating crime are also pessimistic. The large number of convicts, the negative impact of isolation, the absence of a progressive correction system, the inadequacy of existing correctional measures, and the largely formal activity of penal institutions exacerbate the problems of ineffective resocialization of convicts (...) and resulting recidivism. Thus, the situation demands an examination of effective methods for the elimination of the above detriments. The article emphasizes the need for an essential modernization of the system of resocialization of convicts in Lithuania by transforming formal measures into real ones directed at the reform of behaviour and thinking. The article discusses new corrective measures widely used across the European Union and other countries, such as evaluation of individual risk for repeated criminal offence and implementation of appropriate behaviour-correction programmes on the basis of clearly defined criteria of effectiveness. Unfortunately such measures have not been implemented in Lithuania, either de jure or de facto. (shrink)

Sveikstantys priklausomi asmenys, baigę reabilitacijos programas, dažnai susiduria su socialinio įsitraukimo sunkumais, taip pat neretai nepajėgia tęsti reabilitacijoje pradėto sveikimo proceso ir patiria atkryčius. Todėl aktualu ieškoti, kokie veiksniai daro įtaką sėkmingam socialiniam įsitraukimui. Straipsnyje keliamas klausimas, kaip reabilitaciją prieš 1–3 mėnesius baigę sveikstantys priklausomi asmenys (priklausomi nuo alkoholio, narkotinių medžiagų ir (arba) kompulsyvaus lošimo) praktikoje pritaiko reabilitacijoje išmoktus įgūdžius ir perduotas galimas prisitaikymo schemas. Empiriniai tyrimo duomenys atskleidžia, kad pirminės socialinio įsitraukimo strategijos dažniausiai grindžiamos reabilitacijos metu išmoktais suvokimais ir (...) įgūdžiais. Tačiau tokių strategijų realizavimas yra veikiamas individualių aplinkybių, todėl reabilitacijoje akcentuojamos socialinio įsitraukimo strategijos neretai yra papildomos asmeninių įžvalgų padiktuotais prisitaikymo aspektais. Tekste remiamasi vienoje Lietuvos priklausomų asmenų reabilitacijos institucijų atlikto etnografinio tyrimo duomenimis, surinktais taikant dalyvaujančio stebėjimo, neformalių pokalbių, pusiau struktūruotų interviu metodus. (shrink)

The modern doctrine of the “fresh start” reflects the differences between the past paradigm of punishment of the insolvent person and the current focus on the economic effectiveness and activeness. Global practice in the field of insolvency shows that the “limited liability rule” is eminently effective in the economic and social perspective. The appending threat of abuse and misapplication of the system might be neutralized through the legal regulation of prevention and rehabilitation means, which are analyzed in this article. The (...) aim of this research is to: 1) present a summary of the paradigm of bankruptcy of natural persons; 2) evaluate the categories of prevention and rehabilitation means set in the Lithuanian concept of the bankruptcy of natural persons; 3) identify the physical factors affecting the bankruptcy of natural persons; 4) provide a conceptual model of rehabilitation after bankruptcy and insolvency prevention measures have been implemented in the field of bankruptcy of natural persons. (shrink)

The article deals with a study of a distinct criminal punishment established in the Criminal Code and the Code of Punishment Enforcement of the Republic of Lithuania—restriction of liberty, as an alternative to imprisonment. Without investigating extensively the course of development of this penalty, in the article it is sought to overview the development trends of restriction of liberty; analyse the problems of enforcing this penalty and suggest measures to eliminate them; investigate whether the legal regulation of Lithuania is in (...) line with the provisions of the main international instruments relating to non-custodial sanctions (1990 United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (the so-called Tokyo Rules), Recommendation R (92) 16 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on the European rules on community sanctions and measures, Recommendation Rec (2000) 22 of the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on improving the implementation of the European rules on community sanctions and measures); review the progressive legal regulation of restriction of liberty in place in individual states and provide a comparison between the national and foreign experience in relation to the penalty of restriction of liberty. In addition, the article offers guidelines for the improvement of the legal regulation and implementation of the legal institute of restriction of liberty. (shrink)