This paper is the forerunner of an extensive logical analysis of the relativity idea, in which an axiomatic structure based upon the principles of topology is developed. It is meant to expose the manner in which relativity stretches from the pole of pure conception to that of factual observation, from the a priori to the a posteriori. We take pains to show, in connection with special relativity, precisely which elements are postulational and which are verifiable empirically. Our attempt can be (...) somewhat naively characterized as an effort to show how misguided it is to "derive" relativity from such experimental facts as the Michelson-Morley experiment--as so many textbooks profess to do. (shrink)

For a quantum mechanical measurement to be complete, John von Neumann and others assumed that a conscious observer must be present to affect a reduction or collapse of the state function. Also, William James believed that the influence of consciousness on physical bodies is required by the demands of biological evolution. The author shows how both of these ideas might be correct if there exists a neurological mechanism that responds to the presence of an “inside observer” of a kind defined (...) in a previous paper. An experiment is proposed to test the hypothetical mechanism. (shrink)

If conscious observers are to be included in the quantum mechanical universe, we need to find the rules that engage observers with quantum mechanical systems. The author has proposed five rules that are discovered by insisting on empirical completeness; that is, by requiring the rules to draw empirical information from Schrödinger's solutions that is more complete than is currently possible with the (Born) probability interpretation. I discard Born's interpretation, introducing probability solely through probability “current.” These rules tell us something about (...) brains. They require the existence of observer brain states that are neither conscious nor unconscious. I call them “ready” brain states because they are on stand-by, ready to become conscious the moment they are stochastically chosen. Two of the rules are selection rules involving ready brain states. The place of these rules in a wider theoretical context is discussed. (shrink)

In a previous paper, the author proposed a quantum mechanical interaction that would insure that the evolution of subjective states would parallel the evolution of biological states, as required by von Neumann's theory of measurement. The particular model for this interaction suggested an experiment that the author has now performed with negative results. A modified model is outlined in this paper that preserves the desirable features of the original model, and is consistent with the experimental results. This model will be (...) more difficult to verify. However, some strategies are suggested. (shrink)

The “observer” in physics has always referred to someone who stands on the outside of a system looking in. In this paper an “inside observer” is defined, and an experiment is proposed that tests a given formulation of the problem of measurement in quantum mechanics.