Abstract: (Indonesian Women Navy=kowal) is part of Indonesian Navy which have the same duties and responsibilities as other naval soldiers. The essence of Kowal's main task is to take part in performing the main tasks of the TNI in which their skills are needed to achieve greater efficiency by remembering his nature and femininity. SWOT is used as a planning tool. However, this analysis has weaknesses. Some of these weaknesses can be avoided, by connecting a SWOT analysis with AHP method. (...) Following the basic steps of the SWOT-AHP, this research presented a case study of defining the strategy for the development of Indonesian Women Navy. The results indicate that development skill with study dikpengiptek strategy was the best strategy that could have been implemented. Based on the research results, the method SWOT-AHP application to determine the best strategy of development women navy resources would be described as follows : (1) reduce the weakness to increase opportunities (WO=0,28), (2) optimizing the strength to reduce the threat (ST=0,26), (3) increasing weakness and reducing threats (WT= 0,23) and (4) optimizing strengths and maximizing opportunities (SO= 0,23). (shrink)

The aim if this study is to examine the self-efficiency and intention differences of entrepreneurial personality in students before and after entrepreneurial class. This research is important to be conduct because of the entrepreneur interest of the undergraduate student is considered at the low level. Otherwise, Indonesia has increasing jobless persons. This research was conducted at fifth until seventh semester student of department of electric engineering. From 116 participants, concluded that there is no significant self-efficacy and intention difference to be (...) entrepreneurial at students before and after entrepreneurial class. There are some causes of the insignificant result. For example are maturation effect, no role model for student, and the subject of this lecture is more theoretical than experiential learning to be an entrepreneurial one. The result of this study gives positive contribution for developing entrepreneurial spirit for students.  . (shrink)

Pastoral theology in Indonesia is inherited from the West. Because the Indonesian context is not the same as that of Western society, theologians in Indonesia need to develop pastoral theology that is relevant to the Indonesian context. This article is an effort to engage with pastoral theology in a way that is relevant to Indonesia. This effort departs from an understanding of the church in Indonesia, which is open and serving. In relation to the traditional understanding of theology and its (...) branches, pastoral theology in Indonesia can be understood as a field of study on theory and practice of pastoral ministry. In addition, pastoral theology is a form of contextual theological reflection. Correlation is a pastoral theological method relevant to Indonesia, because in this method the process of theology starts from pastoral experience. Thus it is closer to the reality of Indonesian life, but this method does not forget Christian message. In order to gain a wider pastoral theological perspective, the understanding of pastoral ministry in Indonesia must be holistic, which includes individual, societal, and environmental perspectives. Keywords: Church, pastoral theology, understanding of pastoral theology, deductive method, inductive method, method of correlation, holistic pastoral ministry. Abstrak: Teologi pastoral di Indonesia diwarisi dari Barat. Para teolog pastoral di Indonesia perlu mengembangkan teologi pastoral yang relevan dengan konteks Indonesia, karena konteks masyarakat Indonesia tidak sama dengan konteks masyarakat Barat. Tulisan ini merupakan sebuah upaya untuk menggumuli teologi pastoral yang relevan bagi Indonesia. Upaya ini berangkat dari pemahaman tentang Gereja di Indonesia yang bersifat terbuka dan melayani. Dalam rangka pembagian teologi ke dalam cabang-cabangnya secara tradisional, teologi pastoral di Indonesia dapat dipandang sebagai salah satu bidang studi atau cabang teologi yang mempelajari teori dan praktik pelayanan pastoral. Di samping itu, teologi pastoral merupakan salah satu bentuk refleksi teologi yang bersifat kontekstual. Metode korelasi merupakan metode berteologi pastoral yang revelan bagi Indonesia, karena dalam metode ini proses berteologi pastoral dimulai dari pengalaman pastoral sehingga lebih dekat dengan realitas, tetapi metode ini tidak melupakan peranan berita Kristiani. Agar refleksi teologi pastoral mempunyai jangkauan yang luas, pemahaman tentang pelayanan pastoral di Indonesia harus bersifat holistik yang mencakup perspektif individu, masyarakat, dan lingkungan hidup. Kata-kata kunci: Gereja, teologi pastoral, pengertian tentang teologi pastoral, metode deduktif, metode induktif, metode korelasi, pelayanan pastoral holistik. (shrink)

Comme la nova de 1604 et les trois comètes de 1618, qui engagèrent Galilée et les jésuites du Collège romain dans un long débat, la comète de 1664 a relancé la curiosité et l'attente des astronomes et des astrologues. L'article analyse quelques aspects de ce débat européen, en se focalisant sur l'observatoire de l'école de Santa-Lucia de Bologne, où Giovan Battista Riccioli et ses «associés» avaient, depuis longtemps, développé une activité expérimentale connue dans toute l'Europe pour sa précision. Il étudie (...) ensuite la renaissance des scientiae mediae, c'est-à-dire principalement la géographie et l'hydrométrie, en cherchant à éclairer les conditions socioculturelles dans lesquelles de nouvelles figures professionnelles, comme celles de l'ingénieur et du technicien, ont pris naissance dans la Bologne du XVIe siècle. (shrink)

Objective study to determine career planning of male and female students, as well as to determine whether there are differences in career planning between male and female students of class XI SMK Islam Wijaya Kusuma. Research method is quantitative approach with a comparative method. Data and data sources were students of class XI SMK Islam Wijaya Kusuma, totaling 120 students out of 156 students. This study uses career planning instrument. The data analysis technique used is t test. The results showed (...) career planning for male students of class XI SMK Islam Wijaya Kusuma in medium category and career planning for female students in the high category. The results also showed there significant differences in the career planning of male and female students of class XI SMK Islam Wijaya Kusuma. This is evidenced by the t count of 13.751> t table of 1.65787 at α = 0.05. (shrink)

The EPC Contract is the form of contract that is currently used by the contractors to take over construction work. The EPC Contract having three activities, the engineering design, procurement and construction execution, that are integrated. For the activity EPC Contract is the Single Contractor must be responsible for the design of jobs and accuracy, and requirement of the owner project, until construction. This contract type commonly have a high risk, the finals price, and the accuracy of the period for (...) implementation. Characteristic of EPC Contract is industry building activities that are proces plant and industry plant. The purpose of which are going to achieved in EPC Contract to preset specifications to fulfill the requirements specified in terms of the time, the quality and expenses. The main issues in this legal research are the legal principle that is used in the preparation of EPC Contract and the principle of law in the implementation of EPC Contract in Indonesia. The type of research is the normative study and the approach of this research having four methods approach among others are statute approach, conceptual approach, cases approach, and comparative approach. The result of this research there are four the most important among others are the first is legislation, the second is the implementation of regulation, the third is EPC institution procurement and fourth is the form of EPC Contract. (shrink)

Economy and moral rights are the part of basic human rights entitled to the proprietor of the intellectual property that must be full filed by the state, to meet the requirements of Constitution. Similar treatment must be provided by the state to economic and moral rights of indigenous peoples on their own Intellectual Property, in the form of Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural expressions as described in Article 18 b of the Constitution of 1945 “The state recognizes and respects the (...) customary law community units including their traditional rights as long as it exists and in accordance to society development and principles of Unitary State of The Republic of Indonesia, as stated by the Law.”. Fulfilment of these rights through modern TRIPs-WTO IPRs regime brings about legal problems, considering their different character, where individual and commercial character of modern IPRs contradicts the communal and non-commercial character of Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expression. On the other hand, to get modern IPRs protection, Traditional Knowledge and Traditional Cultural Expression must meet particular conditions such as originality/ novelty, inventive step and applicable to industry which indeed unable to fill due to its anonymous inventor, developed and bequeathed from generation to generation and is not intended specifically for industrial/commercial purpose. Keywords: Rights, Indigenous Peoples. (shrink)

The aims of this work are to know and to explain Charles Jencks’ semiotic concept of postmodern architecture. In one hand, Jencks’ postmodern architecture is criticism on modern and modern-late architecture. Jencks stresses on both differences that modern and modern-late architecture are based on a single coding only and postmodern architecture is based on double coding in their style. In other one, Jencks’ postmodern architecture is a semiotic entity that has to seen as a sign. This research is the figure (...) factual history research. It was based on primary and secondary literature. It used description, interpretation and heuristic method. Jencks’s semiotic conception of postmodern architecture has adopted dualism semiotic of Saussuran like signifier-signified, langue-parole, denotation-connotation, and paradigmatic-sintagmatic. It also has adopted trilateral semiotic of Piercean like index, icon, symbol and sintagmatic, syntactic, semantic. Keywords: Postmodern architecture, double coding, dualism semiotic, trial semioti. (shrink)

The polical ethics in matters peratining to the state possess a strategic menaning as a reference understanding of the development of human nature. Beside that, the political ethics has a function as a tool of analysis for question and clarification toward a political legitimate which responbility, rationality, objectivity, and argumentatively; not depend on emotion and apriori. Indonesia's political ethics based on Pancasila seem a convergence between liberalism and collectivism, although The Pancasila values rooted in Indonesian real life. Anthropological of The (...) Indonesia's political ethics based on the human nature are "monopluralis" and bipolar structure. According to Pancasila doctrine, man has special characteristic as individual and social creature. In that characteristic is form of convergence liberalism and collectivism. That implication not every person but also goverments in all their activities must to directive the princple of the Pancasila's political ethics, namely respect for equality, liberty, solidarity, and subsidiarity. (shrink)

This research aims to describe and provide any more comprehensive understanding of the Industrial Relationship in Pancasila Perspective. This is important since it has a strategical dimension in the life of nation and it will supply some contributions of judgement for the attempt of labor condition, improvement in Indonesia as a whole. This a library research and it completes the inquiries that have been done. The method adopted in analyzing the result of this study is hermeneutics with the following features: (...) description, interpretation, holistic, heuristic, and reflection. The results of this research are shown as follows: 1. The industrial relationship in the Pancasila Perspective is an antropocentric type, that is, man are placed in the center as subject and object. 2. The industrial relationship in the Pancasila Perspective places "man as such" as a goal that ought to reach. 3. "Man as such" in the Pancasila Perspective is: (a) an ideal type of man, the ideal human being is the subject as carrier and actor Pancasila, he will be able to self rehance and work at every condition to devolp his society, suks to a material and spiritual will being society; (b) The concrete man, that being and exist in everyday life, he bring many dimension: personal, relational, and structural; (c) The prosperous man in his life, in some aspect: religuously, cultural, and social. (shrink)

Thomas Kuhn dengan konsep revolusi ilmiahnya memiliki karakteristik pemikiran dan model filsafat baru dalam hal sejarah lahirnya ilmu pengetahuan dan filsafat sains serta peranan sejarah ilmu pengetahuan dalam mengkonstruksi ataupun merekonstruksi munculnya ilmu pengetahuan baru. Bagi Thomas Kuhn sejarah ilmu pengetahuan merupakan starting point dalam mengkaji permasalahan fundamental dalam epistemologi keilmuan karena sains pada dasarnya selalu ditandai dengan kuatnya paradigma serta revolusi ilmiah setelahnya. Fase inilah yang diistilahkan Thomas Kuhn sebagai fase sejarah lahirnya ilmu pengetahuan baru, dimulai dengan normal science, (...) kemudian terjadi anomaly dan crisis, setelah itu barulah muncul revolusi ilmiah sebagai bentuk lahirnya ilmu pengetahuan baru. Pemikiran Thomas Kuhn tersebut dapat dikontekstualisasikan dengan pengembangan keilmuan Islam dengan tujuan membangun keterbukaan pemikiran keislaman terhadap anomali dan crisis serta munculnya revolusi dalam ilmu keislaman sehingga memotivasi munculnya paradigma baru di ranah keilmuan Islam. Berbagai pendekatan dalam studi Islam dapat digunakan seperti pendekatan normatif, historis, sosiologis, antropologis dan pendekatan lainnya dalam rangka membumikan Islam menjadi agama yang rahmatan lil alamin. Kata Kunci : Paradigma, Revolusi Ilmiah, Thomas Kuhn. (shrink)

The essence of development education can be obtained by explaining its meaning; explaining and analyzing its functions and principles in the community; and describing its essential elements. Based on the study that have been conducted, the essence of development education can be described as follows. First, development education is a process of information dissemination; process of explanation; process of behavioral change; the educational process; and social-engineering process. Second, its functions is to change people's behavior better to improve the quality of (...) life. Third, its principles include: the interests and needs; grassroots organizations; culture changes; cooperation and participatory democracy in the application of science; learning by doing; the use of appropriate methods; leadership; trained specialists; education must consider the family as a social unit; education should be able to realize satisfaction. Fourth, the elements in development education are extension, objectives, methods, media, place and time. (shrink)

Relevance between world view of Javanese and adopted model of leadership is reflected in their moral rules that emphasizes attitudes, such as patient, introspection, humble which is applied by each individual in realizing harmony of their society. Java’s leadership model is paternalism and charismatic. They are respectful and obedient to their leader because of his/her charisma rather than a compulsion. Keywords: Javanism/ Javanese way of life, leadership, narima, waspada-eling, andap asor, prasaja, paternalism.

The human sociality is one element that makes man different with other creature; so that the sociality is the man nature. The human sociality process a great dimension. Man was called human being as far as build a relation with other. Man is impossible to live alone. Proverb said' "No man is an island" There are many thoughts about a human society princple like conflict, love, face to face asymmetric relation, solidarity, and subsidiary as examples. Man and his society are (...) two reality that influenced each other. They construct a dynamic horizon in dialectics relation. Man and his society is two moment complement. Their main principle is, man not only co-existence, but also co-operative. According to the principles of love, solidarity, and subsidiary those principle must be safeguarded and improved as an ideal basic for sociality. (shrink)

This article attempts to touch on the presence of anthropological approaches in contemporary readings of Islamic thought, given that the latter raises questions and problems that express events that are still characterised by a permanent and urgent situation, which led to the employment of several approaches and visions that descended from contemporary Western knowledge in the field of human sciences, including anthropology. Despite the Western origin of Islamic thought – anthropology – and the delay in its inclusion as a specialisation (...) within the field of academic practice in Arab universities after independence for various reasons, the years that followed the independence of Arab countries since the second half of the 20th century carried with them the seeds of the formation of the first anthropological research that began to find its way towards gradual maturity. Contribution: Anthropology, with its devised mechanisms and methodological tools, and the theoretical perceptions it entails, constitutes one of the entrances upon which contemporary readings of Islamic thought are based through a discussion of certain angles related to the historical and cultural heritage that furnish Islamic thought and nourish its references. (shrink)

This research was aimed to discover whether sex-role identity could play a significant role as moderating variable to the relation between McClleland’s needs of achievement, affiliation and power and employee’s performance. Subjects of this research were employees in scales division from a cosmetical company in Jakarta Following Baron and Kenny’s ideas, data was analyzed with two way analysis of variance. The main hypothesis in this research is moderating effect of sex role identity in how need of achievement, need of affiliation (...) and need of power affect employee performance. Two way analysis of variance resulted in the rejection of major hypothesis. Therefore, sex-role identity did not function as moderator in the relation between all needs and employee performance. However, need of achievement was found to influence employee performance .  . (shrink)

The Manunggaling Kawula lan Gusti concept was found in Serat Nawa Ruci in the Middle Ages of Java in the 16th Century AD and was re-transformed into the New Javanese era in Dewa Ruci Fiber, Cabolek Fiber, Malaya Syeh Fiber until the 20th century AD in Fiber Sastra Jendra which is still used today. Over five centuries, the concept experienced distortion of meaning far from the purpose and purpose of its writing. This study was analyzed using the theoretical basis of (...) the R. G. Collingwood Historical Philosophy aimed to find out the development of Sufism in Java, the transformation of the spread of the concept in several Islamic Javanese texts derived from the Nawa Ruci Fiber, and its interpretation in the Fiber of Jendra's Literature. using historical research methods with heuristic steps, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The manuscripts used obtained from utilizing manuscripts as a result of philological research or translation that have never been studied by others. This research found that in Indonesia, Sufi propagators of Islam in Java preached by combining local traditions with Islam, which led to the birth of Javanese Sufism. (shrink)

Based on Article 18 A (2) of the amended 1945 Constitution provisions, it can be inferred that article as the filosophical and constitutional basic of the Act No. 33 of 2004 about finance relationship between central government and regional government, include finance relationship in oil and gas sector. The problem statement in this research are firstly, elaborating of law oil and gas management in Indonesia and secondly analysing the principle of law distribution finance relationship between central government and regional government (...) in sharing oil and gas finance. Social concept of ownership is a fundamental principle in the management of oil and gas as outlined in the basic orientation of national development. Oil and gas sector as a strategic non renewable natural resources shall be under the powers of the State and shall be used to the greatest benefit of the people. Keywords: principles of law, equity, production sharing, oil and gas. (shrink)

Syari’ah Financial Institution is one of the institutions of Islamic doctrine that is currently mushrooming in the midst of modern Indonesian society. Along with the growth of syari'ah financial institutions, MUI issued that interest is usury which is unlawful. The entry of syari'ah financial institutions in Indonesia made a new breakthrough in the syari'ah capital market. One of the products of syari'ah capital market is Syari'ah Mutual Fund. Syari'ah mutual funds are defined as mutual funds as referred to in the (...) Capital Market Law and its implementing regulations whose management does not conflict with the principles of syari'ah in the capital market. The problem of this research is how is the interpretation of the regulation of syari'ah economic principle in Indonesia and how is the management of Syari'ah Mutual Funds based on syari'ah economic principle in Indonesia. This research is normative research with descriptive research type. The approach used is normative juridical. The data collection was done by literature study and document study. The data used are secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The collected data is then analyzed qualitatively. The findings of the research show that there are 3 (three) principles of syari'ah economy namely the principles of Tauhid, Justice, and Benefits. The regulation of syari'ah economic principles in Indonesia is regulated in the DSN-MUI and compilation of Islamic law. Basically syari'ah economic principles are in the field of Bank financial institutions and Non-Bank financial institutions. The arrangement of syari'ah economic principles, as well as regulated in law but also governed by Syar'i Law and Fiqh law through Ijtihad, by the method of Mashlahah Mursalah. Implementation of investments in Syari'ah Mutual Fund transaction mechanism in investing through Syari’ah Mutual Funds should pay attention to things that are not against the Islamic Syari'ah. Implementation of the transaction contract should not be contrary to the Islamic Syari'ah, whether prohibited because (1) Forbidden in addition to the substance, which contains tadlis, ihtikar, ba'i najasy, garar, and usury, as well (2) Because unauthorized, i.e. the order and conditions are not met, there ta'alluq, and there are two contracts in one transaction simultaneously. The idea of syari’ah economic principles recommends to the Syari’ah Banking Supervisory Board to make further regulation in the development of investing through Syari’ah Mutual Funds in Indonesia. (shrink)

Child is an integral part of human survival and the survival of a nation. The strategic role of children is explicitly stated as those mentioned as the statement that the state guarantees the right of every child to live, grow and develop, and to be protected from violence and discrimination, therefore the best treatment for them should be considered as the best treatment all mankind. Imprisonment provided through the formal criminal justice system does not effectively deter child criminals. That even (...) made the growth and development as well as psychological state of the child be disturbed by the sanctions. Therefore, it is necessary to reform the criminal justice system by applying the concept of restorative justice which, in solving the problem, involve the perpetrators, victims, families perpetrator/victim and other relevant parties to work together to find a fair settlement with emphasis on restoring back to its original state and not retaliation. Philosophical consideration should be based on the best treatment for children, and juridical basis to achieve legal certainty with settings based on justice and expediency to ensure child protection. Diversion is the diversion to remove the criminal justice process into the outside of the criminal justice process. So in any investigation law enforcer shall seek diversion through the application of restorative justice. Diversion mechanism starts from the later stages of investigation and subsequent prosecution and in the trial. Keywords: Children, Restorative Justice and Diversion. (shrink)

How can a person in financial difficulty solve his problems? Islam gives the paradoxical solution of giving charity: the more you give, the more you get. Low-income earners should be encouraged to give charity as a means to free themselves from financial difficulties. This paper investigates the charity giving behaviour of low-income groups using an empirical study of factors affecting their regular charity giving. A total of 101 low-income households with monthly incomes of around USD80 in Jakarta were interviewed using (...) the administered questionnaire approach. The data were analysed using logistic regression. The results highlight specific factors that significantly influence regular charity giving behaviour among the low-income households in Indonesia. This study hopes to provide important inputs to the relevant authorities and society on how to educate low-income households to manage their financial resources. (shrink)

This study argues that National Movement of Fatwa Guards-Ulama is not the sole political representation of Indonesian Muslim power at the moment, as the main analysis unit when discussing the phenomena of Islamic populism in Indonesia. Nahdlatul Ulama strives to retrieve discourse of Indonesian Islamic populism from GNPF-Ulama. NU's efforts to reinforce its position as an Islamic political power are triggered by evaluation that the resurgence of earlier populis movement has affected NU’s influence as the dominant organization in Indonesia. In (...) line with this argument, discourse analysis on the importance of Indonesian Muslims mobilization for political purposes can be applied both as a theoretical and ideological framework, in addition to the study of populism and Islamic populism. On the other hand, Islamic identity based populism can be understood as one of the models which in contrast with populism based on nationalism. Conversely, the effort to unite nationalism and Islam has become Nu’s agenda to revoke GNPF-Ulama’s popuslis narrative. In spite of differences in religious ideology, the discussion of Islamic populism is arising out of the narrative contestation occurring within the internal Muslims itself. Finally, this study offers a reading of the phenomena of Islamic populism in the context of discourse. (shrink)

SOME SCHOLARS within the Aristotelian tradition, notably C. C. Raymond and K. Kristjánsson, have recently questioned the Stagirite’s denials that shame (aidōs) can be a moral virtue in the proper sense of the term and that a virtuous person needs a sense of shame in addition to other moral virtues. Aristotle famously claims that, although shame is the mean between bashfulness and shamelessness, shame is “more like a feeling than a state of character” and that “one is ashamed of what (...) is voluntary, but the virtuous person will never voluntarily do base things.” Raymond and Kristjánsson argue that Aristotle has overlooked two interrelated distinctions: first, the distinction between an episodic or occurrent feeling of shame and a durable emotional disposition of a sense of shame, and second, the distinction between retrospective shame (which follows upon base actions) and prospective shame (which inhibits base actions). Even if it be conceded that virtuous persons might not need to draw upon retrospective shame, according to Kristjánsson, they will still need proper dispositional shame or prospective shame as “a deterrent voice to warn them against potentially base future courses of action.” If not, Aristotle would be committed to a conception of a saintly or morally infallible virtuous person. For his part, Raymond contends that, if Aristotle admits that honor and social standing constitute external goods and that virtuous persons are not indifferent to what people think of them (to such a degree that avoiding disrepute can be the goal of action), “it seems that Aristotle should allow that aidōs can be a ‘prohairetic’ mean as well,” that is to say, a virtue, since “knowing when, how, and to what extent to care about the opinion of others will require practical wisdom.” -/- This article addresses these interpretations by exploring the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas,7 given that in his treatment of shame, especially in “De verecundia” (STh II-II, q. 144, aa. 1–4), he draws substantially on Aristotle’s ideas about shame in both the Nicomachean Ethics (2.7.1108a31–36; 4.9.1128b10–35) and the Rhetoric (2.6.1383b11–1385a15). I shall argue in section I that since, unlike Aristotle, Aquinas does not conceive of persons with acquired virtues as morally infallible, he does not preclude the experience of (both retrospective and prospective) shame in the virtuous person’s moral life. Indeed, in keeping with the Philosopher, Aquinas holds that shame is best understood as a passion of the soul (or an emotion), and yet he also claims, as I shall expound in section II, that shame’s concurrence is necessary for the virtue of temperance, for shame is an integral part of this cardinal virtue. Felt in an appropriate degree with respect to a truly disgraceful action (be it one already done or one yet to be done), shame is morally praiseworthy and, as such, can be called a virtue in the loosest sense of the term.8 Aquinas retains the idea, however, that shame is properly speaking not a moral virtue because it falls short of the perfect notion (ratio) of a virtue as a habit that operates from choice (habitus electivus) and as a habit that produces good actions (habitus operativus). Since, furthermore, the person who experiences shame naturally tends to shrink and to hide from others, to the extent that sometimes shame even “sends the person into despair,”9 in section III of this paper I shall extend Aquinas’s argument by suggesting that, for shame not only to be praiseworthy but also to produce a beneficial outcome in the person, it must be accompanied by the paired virtues of humility and magnanimity. In suggesting this, I go beyond what Aquinas [End Page 265] explicitly says, though the idea is latent in his biblical commentaries. (shrink)

Shame's moral status has puzzled philosophers since antiquity: is (a sense of) shame merely a passion or is it a moral virtue? Aquinas, influenced by Aristotle, claims that shame is, properly speaking, a passion, though it can be called, broadly speaking, a virtue, insofar as it is a praiseworthy passion. Through careful exegesis on key passages containing shame-related words verecundia, erubescentia, confusio, pudor, dan turpitudo in Thomas Aquinas's ouvre, this study shows that, despite its potential to demoralize, to lead to (...) shallow conformism, or to send the ashamed person into violent rage, shame can be praiseworthy on account of its very nature as a moral passion and its constructive role in the moral life. As fear of disgrace spoiling one in the opinion of others, shame is morally praiseworthy when it arises instantaneously in response to disgrace according to truth, i.e., to disgrace caused by voluntary defect for which one can be held responsible. Through a kind of overflow, the passion of shame constitutes a sign and an effect of a good will, since one would be liable to shame only if one has love what is morally good and beautiful and has thus concomitantly detested what is morally evil and ugly. This passion is praiseworthy non only because its concurrence--in its prospective form--is necessary for the virtue of temperance to be habitually operative, but also because shame--in its retrospective form--can galvanize one to repent and to reform the self, thanks to shame's intimate connection with the desire of love for union with relevant others. (shrink)

This study aims to determine that the relationship between self-efficacy and parents aspiration with the interest in advanced studies to college of students either partially or jointly. This research uses correlation quantitative design. The sample used amounted to 160 of the population of 283 students with random sampling technique. Data collection tools use self-efficacy scales, parent`s aspiration scales, and the interest in advanced studies to college scales. We using simple linear regression and multiple linear regression to data analyzed. The result (...) showed that there are significant correlations between self-efficacy and the interest for collage, dan; parents aspiration and the interest in advanced studies to college. Furthermore, relationship between self-efficacy and parents aspiration with the interests student in advance studies also had significant correlation. In this study it was also revealed that the contribution of the influence of self-efficacy and parents aspiration to the interests student in advance studies was 33.9%. (shrink)

The consequence of identifying justice with law is that seeking justice becomes constrained and it becomes limited only to the formulation of law. Although it is possible to approach justice from the ‘legal-formal’ aspect, justice cannot be reduced to law. Once justice is reduced to law, seeking justice outside the legal system ceases. The assumption that justice is identical to law is misleading, as justice is assumed to be inherent in the law itself. On the other hand, it is dangerous (...) to make a distinct separation between law and justice. Law obtains its validity through its positive form, which is derived from the sovereign authority. The implication of this is that law is the law itself, altogether separate from justice, whereby an emphasis is placed only on its formal manifestation. However, law is not justice. Law is a calculable element, while justice is incalculable in concrete terms. Law is a tool for approaching justice. Therefore, law cannot possibly surpass justice, because assuming that law surpasses justice would be as stating that the tool colonizes its objective. (shrink)

Microgames are rapidly gaining increased attention and are highly being considered because of the technology-based media that enhances students’ learning interests and educational activities. Therefore, this study aims to develop a new construct through confirmatory factor analysis, to comprehensively understand the factors influencing the use of microgames in mathematics class. Participants of the study were the secondary school teachers in West Java, Indonesia, which had a 1-year training in microgames development. We applied a quantitative approach to collect the data via (...) online questionnaires through google form. Structural Equation Modelling with AMOS software was used to analyze the proposed model. Empirical results confirmed the perceived easy to use and subjective norm influence relationship with teachers’ microgame usage behaviors and intentions. In this condition, SN was found to have the initial significant influence on behavioral intention, as attitude, BI, and facilitating conditions also correlated with the actual use of microgames. Furthermore, the largest influential factor was BI, with the results subsequently showing that TPACK had no significant influence on the actual use of microgames. This report is expected to help bridge the gap across several previous studies, as well as contribute to the explanation and prediction of the factors influencing the teachers’ mathematical utilization of the study’s program. Besides this, it also helps to increase the use of microgames in teaching and learning activities. (shrink)

Implementation Of The Allocation Of Profit-Sharing Fund Of Tobacco-Product Duty (Dbh-Cht) Policy Is A Concurrent Governmental Affair. To Some Extent, It Is Mutually Carried Out By Central Government And Local Government, However, There Are Some Components That Exclusively Become The Authority Of Central Government Whereas The Other Ones Are Under The Authority Of Provincial/Regency/Town Government. Governmental Affairs Under The Authority Of Provincial And Regency/Town Governments Are Based On The Principles Of Externality, Accountability, And Efficiency. Such Affairs Consist Of Compulsory Affairs (...) And Optional Ones. Keywords: profit-sharing fund of tobacco-product duty, concurrent governmental affair, the authority of central government, the authority of provincial/regency/town government. (shrink)

In the field of teaching English to speakers of other languages (TESOL), much empirical research has investigated learner and teacher autonomy, agency, and identity. Yet, little prior research has...

This research aims to find out the implementation forms of halal tourism through establishment of local law as well as to find out it impact toward economic development in Nusa Tenggara Barat. This article examines several questions namely what is the implementation forms of the local laws regarding halal tourism and what are the impact of the local law toward economic development in West Nusa Tenggara. The problem formulations are examined using qualitative research method which applying document studies and in-depth (...) interviews with relevant informant. Research result indicates that the implementation of the Perda is not fully strict due to business consideration and calculation. Halal tourism brought positive economic effect especially in terms of job variety and income improvement. It can be concluded that halal tourism concept in NTB is not fully implement Syariah compliance and there is an increase trend of tourists visit to NTB after halal tourism was introduced. (shrink)

The Covid-19 pandemic brings new challenges to people around the world, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, the Covid-19 pandemic is still an unresolved problem. As a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, besides threatening health and the economy, it is also exacerbated by government policies. Conflicting policies hinder obstacles in handling the Covid-19 pandemic. The need for a solution in the form of the formation of an umbrella act to overcome the conditions caused by the covid-19 pandemic, which covers the health and (...) economic sectors, can be a solution to the conflicts applied by the Government, and the Umbrella Act can answer the Government's confusion in overcoming this pandemic. This study uses a normative method that discusses legal aspects by critically analyzing library materials applicable to laws and regulations. Umbrella actions can go beyond conflicting with an integrated rule. The Umbrella act can be applied in Indonesia and can be a solution to overcome the number of cases of the Covid-19 pandemic, which is still relatively high. With the Umbrella Act, the Government's responsibility will be fulfilled to provide legal protection to the community. The Umbrella Act, which has been proven to overcome conflicting regulations, will solve the current emergency. With the Umbrella Act, the Government's responsibility will fulfill to provide legal protection to society. (shrink)

Freight transportation plays a critical role in improving company performance in the modern manufacturing industry. To reduce costs, companies must take advantage of the use of large vehicles. It caused fewer deliveries, but inventory costs and degradation quality are high. One of the joint economic lot size problems in supply chain is Integrated Single-Vendor Single-Buyer Inventory Problem. This study developed the I-SVSB-IP model that considers raw materials’ exponential quality degradation and transportation costs. The objective function of this research was to (...) maximize the Joint Total Profit. Three decision variables used were inventory cycle time, raw material ordering frequency, and frequency of delivery of finished products to buyers. This study proposed a sophisticated Chimp Optimization Algorithm procedure to solve the I-SVSB-IP problem. A case study on the food industry in Indonesia was presented to optimize the I-SVSB-IP. The results showed that the ChOA procedure had produced an optimal solution compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm. This study also demonstrated a sensitivity analysis of decision and transportation variables to cost, revenue, and JTP. The results show that increasing transport frequency of ordering raw materials and finished products to buyers enhances the total cost and reduces joint total profit. In addition, increasing the rate of quality degradation of raw materials reduces JTP. (shrink)

This thesis entitled force executorial administrative court ruling and the implications in practice, discusses the mechanism of execution of the decision of the Administrative Court, the obstacles in the process of execution of the decision of the Administrative Court and the efforts that are made to the administrative court ruling that is not carried by the official / TUN Agency. This type of research is normative and assisted legal research / materials reinforced with empirical law in order to simplify and (...) refine the analysis. The approach used is legislation approach, conceptual approach, approach cases, comparative approach. So that research results can be drawn that the mechanism of execution of court decisions TUN namely : Decision inkracht, after 60 working days the defendant did not perform its obligations, the decision has no legal force again and turns 90 working days of the obligation is not performed, the plaintiff filed a petition to the President of the Court order the court ordered defendant to implement the decision of the court, the defendant is not willing to implement the decision inkracht forceful measures imposed in the form of payment of a sum of money and forced or administrative sanctions and announced in local print media by him, since non-compliance of the court and the chairman shall submit to the President as the highest authority for TUN ordered officials to implement the court’s decision. So there was a bottleneck in the execution of the ruling Justice TUN namely : Verdict Amar, execution barriers TUN official verdict is due to the position of Regional Chief Political Officer, execution barriers TUN official verdict caused the accused are officials who received the delegation of authority false, barriers of understanding TUN officials the State ‘s theory of law and AAUPB, technical barriers, barriers juridical ; Barriers related to legal principles, barriers in terms of the limited authority of judges, Barriers due to changes in the system of regional autonomy, Barriers due to noncompliance TUN officials and effort to do the administrative court ruling are not carried by the official / TUN Agency as criminal Attempts by the police to file a criminal report with the basic law 216 of the Criminal Code and civil efforts filed a lawsuit in state court using Article 1365 of the Civil Code as the basis for a lawsuit. Keywords : executorial power, Mechanisms, Barriers and Efforts. (shrink)

Although ethics is an essential part of medical education, little attention has been paid to ethics education during the clerkship phase, where medical students observe how physicians make decisions regarding various ethical problems. Specific nuances and cultural contexts such as working in a rural setting can determine ethical issues raised. This phenomenology study aimed to explore ethical issues experienced by Indonesian students during clinical clerkship in a rural setting. In-depth interviews were used to explore students’ experiences. Participants were ten students, (...) selected on gender and clerkship year variations. Data saturation was reached after eight interviews, followed by two additional interviews. Thematic analysis was used in this study, and trustworthiness was ensured through data and investigator triangulation, member checking, and audit trail. Three main themes found in this study were limited facilities and resources, healthcare financing and consent issues, as well as unprofessional behavior of healthcare providers. Many ethical issues related to substandard care were associated to limited resources and complexities within the healthcare system in the rural setting. Early exposure to recurrent ethical problems in healthcare can help students prepare for their future career as a physician in a rural setting. (shrink)

El artículo deriva de un estudio de caso cualitativo realizado en 2019 que analiza los testimonios de 30 mujeres bolivianas aymara empleadas mayormente en la agricultura o en el comercio agrícola en el valle de Azapa, en las inmediaciones de la ciudad chilena de Arica. Se enfoca específicamente en sus relatos sobre las relaciones de género en sus familias de origen, indagando sobre su impacto (o su vinculación) con los desplazamientos que las mujeres emprenden en sus vidas adultas. El (...) objetivo central es mostrar cómo las relaciones de género en estos entornos familiares ayudaron a configurar los procesos de movilidad transfronteriza femenina y cómo ambos elementos están atravesados por las múltiples desigualdades entre hombres y mujeres en las comunidades de origen de las migrantes. Los marcos conceptuales aplicados a este estudio devienen de dos grandes campos teóricos. Primero, para conceptualizar las relaciones de género y las desigualdades de poder que caracterizan las trayectorias familiares de nuestras entrevistadas en sus localidades de origen, nos apoyamos en las reflexiones antropológicas del feminismo crítico sobre los sistemas de dominación masculina. En segundo lugar, nos apoyamos también en la amplia producción antropológica sobre las asimetrías de género en los grupos sociales aymara, que permiten complementar el marco anterior desde las dimensiones simbólicas y relacionales propias de estos pueblos originarios. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene como propósito exponer la implementación y evaluación de un modelo de intervención grupal para personas con consumo problemático de drogas, el cual tiene como teoría de base la Biología de la Cognición y del Amar de Humberto Maturana. Hipotetizamos que mediante laimplementación de este modelo de terapia grupal disminuyen los niveles de depresión y ansiedad en las personas con consumo problemático de drogas. Es una investigación cuasi experimental pre-post con grupo de control, donde se exponen los (...) resultados de la muestra del Grupo Tratamiento, perteneciente a la Comunidad Terapéutica Padre Alberto Hurtado de Arica y del Grupo Control, el cual corresponde a la Comunidad Terapéutica La Tirana de AltoHospicio. Los resultados obtenidos muestran las diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos.The present article has as purpose to expose the implementation and evaluation of a model of group intervention for people with problematic consumption of drugs, which has as base theory the Biology of Cognition and of Love of Humberto Maturana; hypothesizing diminish the depression levels and anxiety in people with problematic consumption of drugs by means of thismodel’s of group therapy implementation. It is an quasi experimental research pre-post with control group, where the results of the sample of two Group Treatment are exposed, one belonging to the Therapeutic Community Padre Alberto Hurtado of Arica and the Group Control, which corresponds to the Therapeutic Community La Tirana at Alto Hospicio. The obtained results show significant differences between both groups. (shrink)

The thrust of this paper is to assess the efficacy of establishing African Global Media channel to strike a balance in communication between Africa and the rest of the world. This paper is a reaction to the imbalance in communication flow as engineered by the global media. Global media has contributed greatly to cultural domination in Africa by Europe and the Western world. These channels of communication such as), Cable News Network (CNN), British Broadcasting Corporation (BBQ, DeutseWelle Television (DWTV) including (...) a host of other transnational print media, transmit programmes with cultural values from Europe and America to Africa. Consequently local African media and their attempts to preserve African culture are frustrated. This paper therefore recommends African governments' committed investment in local industrialization, re-structuring information and communication industries to serve African developmental purposes and the establishment of a unified African Global Media Channels. (shrink)

ينطلق نموذج/نظرية"تساعية أنماط الشخصية"(الإينياجرام)، من السعي نحو معرفة إلى أي فئة من الناس ينتمي كل واحد منا، ونوع التكوين الذي يحتاجه والأعمال والمهام والمناصب الأكثر ملاءمة لنمط شخصيته. وقد لاحظنا مؤخرا شيوع توظيفه في مجالات شتى في أمريكا الشمالية وخاصة في مجالات التواصل والتكوين والتدريب وتأهيل القيادات العاملة في مختلف القطاعات. وقبل تفصيل الحديث عن هذا النموذج وتوظيفه، سنعمل في بداية هذه الدراسة على رسم الإطار العام الذي ظهر فيه الإينياجرام Ennéagramme وانتشر، وبعدها سنفصل الحديث عن أهم أسسه ومكوناته وأوجه (...) توظيفه في مجالات التربية والتكوين وسنخصص جزءا ثانيا لتطبيقات النموذج من مجال التربية والتكوين. لا ترتبط نظرية الإينياجرام بمؤلف واحد، فقد ساهم في إنشائها وتطويرها العديد من الباحثين، بل ظهرت جذورها منذ آلاف السنين في أسيا وفي الشرق الأوسط، حتى دخلت أوروبا في عشرينيات القرن الماضي كما سنرى، ثم تطورت في خمسينيات نفس القرن على يد أوسكار إيشازو Oscar Ichazo والذي أنشأ معهد الأريكاArica في نيويورك، حيث وضع كل ما توصل إليه من أبحاث ومواد في الثقافات القديمة بطريقة علمية صحيحة. ثم قام بتطويرها كلاوديو نارانجو Claudio Naranjo وأضاف عليها وربط بينها وبين الطب النفسي. (shrink)

Introduction: Diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI] plays a significant role in distinguishing liver lesions. This study focuses on the significance of apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC] values in distinguishing between benign and malignant liver lesions. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was conducted on patients who underwent liver MRI examinations at our clinic, and 378 liver lesions were found. The study comprised 141 women, 80 men, and 221 patients with liver lesions. The measured ADC values between benign and malignant lesions were compared. In addition, the (...) lesion ADC value/CSF ADC value ratio was measured, and the relative ADC value was named. Results: 118 hemangiomas, 59 simple cysts, 67 hydatid cysts, 3 focal nodular hyperplasias, 9 abscesses, 28 hepatocellular carcinomas, 88 metastases, and 6 lymphomas were evaluated. Simple cysts and hemangiomas had the most elevated ADC values compared to all other liver lesions. The ADC values for liver lesions classified as benign had a mean of 2.10 x 10-3 mm2/s, while malignant ones had a lower mean of 0.75 x 10-3 mm2/s. The ADC values of malignant liver lesions were lower compared to the benign lesions. Conclusion: Using DWI combined with ADC values could be valuable in discerning between benign and malignant liver lesions. Besides, relative ADC values may also contribute to more objective results. (shrink)

Philosophy of religion is focused chiefly on theism. Yet there are a growing number of new and alternative religious movements that would also benefit from philosophical scrutiny. This book is the first collection of philosophical essays, by a team of international authors, focusing on new and alternative religious movements. The book begins with an examination of the definition of new religious movements, before offering an introduction to, and an analysis of, core beliefs held by particular movements, including: Scientology, Raelianism, Siddha (...) Yoga, the Arica School, the Church of the Latter Day Saints, Pantheism, Digital Theology, New Atheism, and the Word of Faith movement. Contributors offer an analysis of one or more of the core tenets of the religious movement, providing readers with both an insight into the group, and the methodology of philosophy of religion. (shrink)