Metaphor and Symbol

ISSN: 1092-6488

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  1. Flashbacks in Film: A Cognitive and Multimodal Analysis.Lorena Bort-Mir - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (3):291-294.
    “The journey (the [filmic] narrative) is made by the traveler (the viewer) step by step, pebble by pebble, cue by cue.”Flashbacks in Film: A Cognitive and Multimodal Analysis is devoted to explaini...
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  2. Killer, Thief or Companion? A Corpus-Based Study of Dementia Metaphors in UK Tabloids.Gavin Brookes - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (3):213-230.
    This article examines the metaphors that are used to represent dementia in British tabloid newspapers over a ten-year period (2010–2019). The analysis takes a corpus-based approach to metaphor identification and analysis, utilizing in particular the corpus linguistic technique of collocation analysis. Metaphors are considered in terms of the ‘targets’ they frame, which include the following aspects of dementia: (i.) prevalence; (ii.) causes; (iii.) symptoms and prognosis; (iv.) lived experience; and (v.) responses. A range of metaphors are identified, with the tabloids (...)
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  3.  1
    Metaphorical Humor in Satirical News Shows: A Content Analysis.Ellen Droog & Christian Burgers - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (3):275-290.
    Satirical news is often characterized as a hybrid genre that consists of three important communicative functions: it is (1) humoristic, (2) informative, and (3) evaluative. The Humoristic Metaphors in Satirical News (HMSN) typology demonstrates that metaphors can be utilized by satirists to express this hybridity by consisting of a combination of one or more of satire’s core communicative functions. Nevertheless, the underlying principles through which metaphors are capable of humorously explaining and/or criticizing current affairs are less clear. To broaden our (...)
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  4. Code Red for Humanity: Multimodal Metaphor and Metonymy in Noncommercial Advertisements on Environmental Awareness and Activism.Laura Hidalgo-Downing & Niamh A. O’Dowd - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (3):231-253.
    Concern for global warming, climate change and pollution has grown in recent years, with countries across the world facing natural disasters on unprecedented scales. The communication of environmental protection is therefore a necessary area of enquiry, especially from a Conceptual Metaphor Theory perspective. The present article explores (1) how the themes of global warming, climate change, pollution and activism are conceptualized in a corpus of 51 noncommercial advertisements, (2) the interaction of metonymy with metaphor, (3) the distribution across verbal and (...)
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  5.  1
    Corpus-Based Metaphorical Framing Analysis: WAR Metaphors in Hong Kong Public Discourse.Winnie Huiheng Zeng & Kathleen Ahrens - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (3):254-274.
    ABSTRACT This study proposes an operational approach to a metaphorical framing analysis using large-scale data. We conducted a case analysis of how war metaphors are framed to address various societal issues in a corpus of public speeches by Hong Kong government officials. By investigating patterns of lexical choices under the source domain of WAR and the underlying reasons for the source-target domain mappings (i.e. Mapping Principles), we found that the target domain of social issues in Hong Kong is primarily conceptualized (...)
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  6.  2
    Metaphors We Love By: The Shift from Animal to Fruit Metaphors in Classical Arabic Ghazal.Sami Chatti - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):184-197.
    Classical Arabic poetry is replete with animal and fruit metaphors commonly used for endearment purposes. The comparative analysis of love metaphors in classical ghazal shows, however, a shift in the poetics of love from the use of animal metaphors in Badi poetry to the occurrence of fruit imagery in Bedouin ghazal. Based on a selection of classical Arabic love poetry, the paper traces the journey of love and sexuality to illustrate the conceptual change from the prevalence of the gazelle metaphor (...)
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  7. Poet and Psychologist: A Conversation.Keith J. Holyoak - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):117-129.
    I consider poetry composition from both the “inside” view of a poet and the “outside” view of a cognitive psychologist. From the perspective of a psychologist, I review behavioral and neural studies of the reception and generation of poetry, with emphasis on metaphor and symbolism. Taking the perspective of a poet, I discuss how the seeds for a poem may arise. Finally, I consider the prospects for future developments in a field of computational neurocognitive poetics.
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  8. On Poetry and the Science(s) of Meaning.Albert N. Katz, Carina Rasse & Herbert L. Colston - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):113-116.
    Poetry is language at its most distilled and most powerfulRita Dove(David Streitfeld, Washington Post, “Laureate for a New Age,” March 19, 1993).The genesis for this special issue arose in a rethin...
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  9. A Cognitive Investigation into the Love-life Relationship Expressed in Poetry.Van-Hoa Phan & Quynh-Thu Ho-Trinh​ - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):174-183.
    This paper aims to uncover the underlying metaphorical expressions regarding the importance of love to human life in English and Vietnamese poetry based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory, which suggests that metaphor is based on human thought as well as on language. For metaphor identification, the authors use a five-step procedure based on Pragglejaz Group’s method for metaphorical expressions and a self-proposed three-step procedure for conceptual metaphors. The findings reveal that love is metaphorically expressed to have a considerable influence on both (...)
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  10. Cognitive Factors Related to Metaphor Goodness in Poetic and Non-literary Metaphor.J. Nick Reid, Hamad Al-Azary & Albert N. Katz - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):130-148.
    In this paper we examine the effect of two cognitive variables, Semantic Neighborhood Density and Interpretive Diversity, in first, distinguishing between literary (poetic) and nonliterary metaphor, and second, in determining what makes for a good metaphor. Analyses of items taken from a widely used set ofmetaphor norms indicated that while literary and nonliterary metaphor did not differ in many ways, the poetic items tended to 1) contain concepts that came from a more dense semantic space, 2) contain topic and vehicles (...)
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  11. An Individual-Differences Approach to Poetic Metaphor: Impact of Aptness and Familiarity.Dušan Stamenković, Katarina Milenković, Nicholas Ichien & Keith J. Holyoak - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):149-161.
    Using poetic metaphors in the Serbian language, we identified systematic variations in the impact of fluid and crystalized intelligence on comprehension of metaphors that varied in rated aptness and familiarity. Overall, comprehension scores were higher for metaphors that were high rather than low in aptness, and high rather than low in familiarity. A measure of crystalized intelligence was a robust predictor of comprehension across the full range of metaphors, but especially for those that were either relatively unfamiliar or more apt. (...)
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  12.  1
    The Storm Sank My Boat and My Dreams: The Zeugma as a Breach of Iconicity.Roi Tartakovsky & Yeshayahu Shen - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):162-173.
    Zeugma (“The storm sank my boat and my dreams”) is a well-recognized figure of speech whose mechanism of operation is less well understood. We suggest treating zeugma as a breach of syntactic iconicity: the syntactic form of the coordinative construction statement implies an equivalence or semantic proximity between the two objects of the verb (boat and dreams), while the objects supplied are semantically very distant. Unlike nominal metaphors and similes, in zeugmas two metaphorically-related, nonsymmetrical objects are put in syntactically symmetrical (...)
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  13. Why Poetry?: Semiotic Scaffolding & the Poetic Architecture of Cognition.Jake Young - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (2):198-212.
    Poetry is a process. While people typically refer to poems as textual objects, our experience of poetry is inherently embodied and enacted, meaning that we experience poems as events that we contextualize as gestalt representations. We experience metaphors, too, as processes, which arise from experiential gestalts, that extend gestalt structures and lay the conceptual foundation for our experience of the world. This article argues that, like metaphors, poetic gestalts can be mapped onto other experiences to help people navigate their worlds. (...)
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  14.  2
    Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS): The Case of Spatial and Abstract Relations.Marlene Johansson Falck & Lacey Okonski - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (1):1-22.
    This article tackles the tricky problem of identifying metaphors in language that includes prepositions. We demonstrate how the Procedure for Identifying Metaphorical Scenes (PIMS) reflected and evoked by linguistic expressions in discourse, Johansson Falck & Okonski, accepted) can be used to identify metaphorical relations reflected in language. The scenes evoked correspond to conceptualizations that are directly attested by the specific linguistic constructions in the sentences under analysis. We present two studies that test the reliability of the procedure and the sensitivity (...)
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  15. Individual Differences in Verbal Irony Use: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Psycholinguistic Studies.Piotr Kałowski, Maria Zajączkowska, Katarzyna Branowska, Anna Olechowska, Aleksandra Siemieniuk, Ewa Dryll & Natalia Banasik-Jemielniak - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (1):81-111.
    We carried out a systematic review of psycholinguistic, empirical, quantitative studies on verbal irony use and individual differences (i.e. psychological, not demographic, traits that significantly differentiate individuals). Out of 5,967 publications screened, 29, comprising 35 studies in total, were included. Following a qualitative content analysis, six thematic clusters were identified, representing areas of research in individual differences in irony use: (a) psychological well-being, (b) personality traits, (c) humor-related traits, (d) cultural factors, (e) social skills, and (f) cognitive factors. The results (...)
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  16.  1
    Embodied Metaphor Processing: A Study of the Priming Impact of Congruent and Opposite Gestural Representations of Metaphor Schema on Metaphor Comprehension.Omid Khatin-Zadeh - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (1):70-80.
    This study examined the performances of three groups of participants in interpreting metaphors in three different conditions: congruent gesture-prime conditions, opposite gesture-prime conditions, and no-prime conditions. In congruent gesture-prime conditions, each metaphor was preceded by the congruent gestural representation of metaphor schema. In opposite gesture-prime conditions, each metaphor was preceded by the opposite gestural representation of metaphor schema. The results showed that participants of congruent gesture-prime conditions had the best performance in interpreting metaphors, while participants of opposite gesture-prime conditions had (...)
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  17. ‘The Genome Is the Brain of the Cell!’ How Japanese English Learners Mediate Understanding of Academic Content through Metaphor.Dennis Lindenberg - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (1):23-49.
    This study investigates metaphor in its role to mediate concepts in academic textbooks and promote content understanding in the English-medium instruction (EMI) context. Of particular interest is how the language of the discourse affected and possibly hindered metaphor comprehension. Drawing on the theoretical insights found in sociocultural theory and cognitive linguistics, a stance was assumed in which language is treated as embodied and contextual, and verbalizing thoughts (languaging) assists understanding. Three pairs of Japanese students with varying English proficiency levels were (...)
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  18.  1
    Metaphors and Related Expressions in Older Adults in the Field of Trauma and Stress-related Disorders: A Scoping Review.Sandra Rossi, Andreas Maercker & Eva Heim - 2023 - Metaphor and Symbol 38 (1):50-69.
    A scoping review was conducted to explore the metaphors and related expressions older adults use to describe extremely stressful events that may lead to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Complex PTSD (CPTSD), Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD), or Adjustment Disorder (AjD). Relevant databases from psychology, gerontology, and related fields were searched. In addition, relevant references found in included papers were considered. Inclusion criteria were: qualitative study, sample of older adults (age 65+), and focus on maladaptive rather than adaptive psychological aspects. Eleven studies (...)
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