Ce livre étudie de manière transversale les multiples usages attestés du terme «libertin» chez les auteurs du début de l'époque moderne, rendant ainsi manifeste la diversité des emplois et déplacements d'une invective, qu'il s'agisse de stigmatiser, de s'en revendiquer, ou de s'en protéger.

Why has Fichte been reading Wissenschaftslehre for his whole life? Depending on how one counts, Fichte has presented close to 20 versions of his philosophical main project, the doctrine of science. This paper gives the outline of an answer to this often raised question, focusing on the last six courses between 1807 and 1814. Three characteristics of the later body of Fichte’s theoretical philosophy are brought to attention: First, its seriality, second, its actual oral mediality, and last but not least (...) the fact that the later doctrine of science transgresses its own territory to appeal to the students to eventually become the creative prototype of transcendental philosophy themselves. These three topics constitute what here is called the meta-methodological disposition of Fichte’s later Wissenschaftslehre. To rule out a shortened understanding of meta-methodology as a matter of mere propaedeutics, the paper connects the methodological theorems of the doctrine of science to the more contentual level of theoretical deductions. In this regard the paper exposes Fichte’s trans-conceptual concept of ›life‹, which is probably more properly expressed as ›living‹ as Fichte intends this concept to self-referentially unify meta-methodological configurations with his later transcendental epistemology: philosophy should never reach final completement and thus come to a halt, but rather live on philosophically resp. think the living.Warum las Fichte zeit seines Lebens Wissenschaftslehre? Je nach Zahlung hat Fichte gut 20 Versionen seines gleichnamigen philosophischen Hauptprojektes vorgelegt. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Antwort zu dieser oft gestellten Frage anskizziert, wobei der Fokus auf den letzten sechs Parcours zwischen 1807 und 1814 liegt. Drei Charakteristika der spaten Gestalt von Fichtes theoretischer Philosophie werden herausgearbeitet: Erstens, ihre Serialitat, zweitens, ihre Medialitat der aktualen Mundlichkeit, drittens der Umstand, dass die spate Wissenschaftslehre ihr eigenes Gebiet ubersteigt, um an ihre Horer appellieren zu konnen, schlieslich selbst zum schopferischen Urbild der Transzendentalphilosophie zu werden. Diese drei Kontexte konstituieren die hier so bezeichnete meta-methodologische Einstellung von Fichtes spater Wissenschaftslehre. Um auszuschliesen, dass diese Meta-Methodologie verkurzt als eine Frage bloser Propadeutik verstanden wird, werden die methodologischen Theoreme der Wissenschaftslehre mit der im eigentlichen Sinne inhaltlichen Ebene ihrer theoretischen Deduktionen verbunden. Dazu wird Fichtes uberbegriffliches Konzept von ›Leben‹ exponiert, das die selbstreferentielle Einheit von meta-methodologischer Konfiguration und spater transzendentaler Epistemologie herstellt: Philosophie soll nicht formal vollendet und damit angehalten werden, sondern vielmehr philosophisch leben beziehungsweise ›Leben‹ denken. (shrink)

In everyday life, assumptions about our peers' as well as our own personality shape social interactions. We investigated whether self-rated personality and inferences drawn from partners' faces influence economic decisions. Participants (N= 285) played the trust game in the role of the trustor as well as the ultimatum game in the role of the proposer and interacted with trustees and receivers represented by prototypical personality faces. Participants also evaluated both their own traits and the personality of the faces. In the (...) trust game, trustees represented by faces rated higher on agreeableness yielded higher transferred amounts. This effect was more pronounced for trustors low on dispositional trust, whereas trustors high on dispositional trust did not relate their decisions to the faces. Trustees represented by faces rated higher on conscientiousness yielded higher transferred amounts only for trustors high on dispositional anxiety. In the ultimatum game, receivers represented by faces rated higher on conscientiousness yielded lower offers only for proposers high on dispositional assertiveness. These results extend previous findings on the inferences drawn from facial features and the influence of personality on decision making. They highlight the importance of considering the personality of both interaction partner, as well as potential interactions of players' traits. (shrink)

We investigated the influence of social status on behavior in a modified dictator game. Since the DG contains an inherent dominance gradient, we examined the relationship between dictator decisions and recipient status, which was operationalized by three social identities and an artificial intelligence. Additionally, we examined the predictive value of social dominance orientation on the behavior of dictators toward the different social and non-social hierarchical recipients. A multilevel model analysis showed that recipients with the same status as the dictator benefited (...) the most and the artificial intelligence the least. Furthermore, SDO, regardless of social status, predicted behavior toward recipients in such a way that higher dominance was associated with lower dictator offers. In summary, participants treated other persons of higher and lower status equally, those of equal status better and, above all, an algorithm worst. The large proportion of female participants and the limited variance of SDO should be taken into account with regard to the results of individual differences in SDO. (shrink)