Monism is a doctrine that claims to deduce the entire system of knowledge from one first principle. It must be a system of a mutually connected propositions that are obtained by a methodologically reliable unfolding of one original proposition accepted as self-evident and unquestionable. Modern philosophy in its rationalist version, beginning with Descartes, tends precisely to this kind of monistic construction of the system of knowledge from a first principle. The striving toward monism is demonstrated most clearly in Spinoza's and (...) Fichte's systems. Spinoza's original principle is substance-that which exists by itself and is comprehended through itself. Fichte replaces substance by the Absolute Subject, the Absolute I, which by an act of self-positing brings itself into being and defines itself only by itself. In one and the other, all the determinations of the system must follow from the original principle with indisputable necessity. It is this logical necessity that claims to be the pure image of the scientific spirit that was valued so highly by modern European thought. (shrink)

La philosophie russe du 19e siècle s'est développée en contact étroit avec la philosophie européenne. L'influence la plus forte a été exercée par la philosophie classique allemande. Cela est illustré de façon frappante par la doctrine de Vladimir Soloviev, un penseur éminent du 19e siècle. Soloviev doit plusieurs principes de sa doctrine à Friedrich Schelling à qui il a emprunté son concept fondamental d'un être " unitotal ". On peut aussi faire remonter jusqu'à Schelling la conviction de Soloviev que la (...) force de la volonté constitue le principe déterminant de l'être, ainsi que sa conception d'un Dieu souffrant et en évolution. Enfin, c'est notamment sous l'influence de Schelling que Soloviev a élaboré sa théorie cosmogonique associée à sa sophiologie qui se fonde sur la thèse de la séparation par rapport à Dieu de Son " Alter Ego ", de Son " Prototype ". D'après Soloviev, " le Second Dieu " ou Sophia-la Sagesse est Dieu-devenu-homme, l'Absolu qui accède à l'être, dont la vie sous-tend le déroulement du processus historique. (shrink)

La philosophie russe du 19e siècle s'est développée en contact étroit avec la philosophie européenne. L'influence la plus forte a été exercée par la philosophie classique allemande. Cela est illustré de façon frappante par la doctrine de Vladimir Soloviev, un penseur éminent du 19e siècle. Soloviev doit plusieurs principes de sa doctrine à Friedrich Schelling à qui il a emprunté son concept fondamental d'un être " unitotal ". On peut aussi faire remonter jusqu'à Schelling la conviction de Soloviev que la (...) force de la volonté constitue le principe déterminant de l'être, ainsi que sa conception d'un Dieu souffrant et en évolution. Enfin, c'est notamment sous l'influence de Schelling que Soloviev a élaboré sa théorie cosmogonique associée à sa sophiologie qui se fonde sur la thèse de la séparation par rapport à Dieu de Son " Alter Ego ", de Son " Prototype ". D'après Soloviev, " le Second Dieu " ou Sophia-la Sagesse est Dieu-devenu-homme, l'Absolu qui accède à l'être, dont la vie sous-tend le déroulement du processus historique. (shrink)

Russian philosophy of the 19th century was developing in close contact with European philosophy. The strongest influence on Russian thought was exerted by classical German philosophy. One significant example is the teaching of Vladimir Solovyov, an outstanding 19th century thinker. Solovyov owes several principles of his teaching to Friedrich Schelling, from whom he assimilated his cardinal concept of all-embracing being; also to Schelling we can trace Solovyov’s conviction that the will constitutes the determining principle of being as well as his (...) conception of the suffering and developing God. Finally, it was largely through Schelling’s influence that Solovyov shaped his cosmogonic theory associated with his sophiology, based on the thesis of the falling away from God of His ‘Alter Ego’, His ‘Prototype’. According to Solovyov, ‘the Second God’, or Sophia-Wisdom, is God-Made-Man, the Absolute coming into being, whose life underlies the substance of historical process. (shrink)

Although heavily overshadowed by renewed study of the religious tradition in Russian philosophy, another tradition that paralleled and sometimes intersected with it is also drawing attention among contemporary Russian philosophers interested in mining the intellectual legacy of the past for ideas applicable to their postcommunist situation. This is the tradition of liberalism in Russian political and legal philosophy, neglected thus far in this journal except for an article on Boris Chicherin by Sergei Chizhkov in the Winter 1991-92 issue and an (...) article on Petr Struve by Piama Gaidenko in the Fall 1994 issue. The present issue is entirely devoted to the liberal strain in Russia's philosophical heritage and its implications for the present day. (shrink)

This is a review of: Николай Онуфриевич Лосский, под редакцией В. П. Филатова, Москва: Росспэн (Серия "Философия России первой половины ХХ века"), 2016. It describes and appraises the content of this collection of nineteen articles on the life and thought of the prominent twentieth century Russian philosopher Nikolai Lossky. The volume, edited by Vladimir Filatov, presents the reader with an analysis of Lossky's philosophical legacy, including such aspects of his thought as his intuitivism, his personalism, his relation to phenomenology, his (...) narrative of the history of Russian philosophy, and so on. Lossky is also compared to other Russian philosophers (Shpet, Frank) and his legacy in other countries (Poland, Slovakia) is examined. The authors are Piama Gaidenko, Frances Nethercott, Albert Novikov, Victor Molchanov, Vitaly Lechtzer, Tatiana Shchedrina, Irina Beshkareva, Anatoly Pushkarsky, Elena Serdyukova, Vasily Vanchugov, Irina Blauberg, Roman Granin, Varvara Popova, Evgeny Babosov, Teresa Obolevich, Zlatica Plašienková, Oleg Ermichin, Alexander Podoxenov, Alexander Opalev, and Vladimir Schultz. (shrink)