Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie

ISSNs: 0003-9101, 1613-0650

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  1.  30
    Foucher’s Old-school Skepticism: Representation, Resemblance, and the Causal Likeness Principle.David Bartha - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):807-835.
    Commentators generally agree that Foucher presumes the resemblance theory of representation and uses it to substantiate external world skepticism. In this paper, I challenge this picture. First, I argue that he does not assume that representation is reducible to, or even just works through, resemblance between representation and object. Indeed, his functional-similarity theory primarily appeals to resemblance between the respective effects the representation and the object (would) have on our minds. I also propose that his argument for the resemblance-requirement of (...)
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  2.  22
    How many gods and how many spheres? Aristotle misunderstood as a monotheist and an astronomer in Metaphysics Λ 8.Pantelis Golitsis - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):691-722.
    Although Aristotle’s Metaphysics received much attention in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries, scholars and historians of science were not particularly interested in clarifying the aim of Aristotle’s appeal to astronomy in Λ 8. Read with monotheistic prejudices, this chapter was quickly abandoned by Aristotelian scholars as a gratuitous insertion, which downgrades Aristotle’s God for the sake of some supplementary principles, whose existence was dictated by celestial mechanics. On the other hand, historians of astronomy read the astronomical excursus as providing (...)
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  3.  3
    Carl Stumpf and the Curious Incident of Music in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus .Eran Guter - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):884-912.
    This essay explores Wittgenstein’s encounter with Stumpf’s work in Tone Psychology during a rarely studied period in Wittgenstein’s early career when he worked as a researcher in Myers’s laboratory for experimental psychology in Cambridge. I argue that Stumpf’s emphasis on the notion of musicality as the ability to characterize what is ‘musical’ about music troubled Wittgenstein’s initial formulation of his career-long adherence to the comparison between language and music. In the Tractatus the importance of internal projective relations far exceeds that (...)
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  4.  36
    Aristotle on Perception and Perception-like Appearance: De Anima 3.3, 428b10–29a9.Evan Keeling - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):665-690.
    It is now common to explain some of incidental perception’s features by means of a different capacity, called phantasia. Phantasia, usually translated as ‘imagination,’ is thought to explain how incidental perception can be false and representational by being a constitutive part of perception. Through a close reading of De Anima 3.3, 428b10–29a9, I argue against this and for perception first: phantasia is always a product of perception, from which it initially inherits all its characteristics. No feature of perception is explained (...)
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  5.  7
    Lane, Melissa. Of Rule and Office: Plato’s Ideas of the Political. Princeton: Princeton University Press 2023, xi + 480 pp. [REVIEW]Richard Kraut - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):933-936.
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  6.  49
    Bergson’s Arguments for Matter as Images in Matter and Memory .Tatsuya Murayama - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):858-883.
    In Matter and Memory, Bergson identifies a problem with perception and resolves it by arguing that matter is an aggregate of images. However, it is unclear whether and how Bergson justifies this thesis, and interpreters differ considerably on this question. This paper formulates and analyzes Bergson’s arguments for this thesis in Chapter 1 of Matter and Memory. Bergson presents five arguments, some of which echo arguments in early modern philosophy. They jointly compose a substantive, well-structured defense of his thesis. This (...)
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  7.  6
    Deslauriers, Marguerite. Aristotle on Sexual Difference: Metaphysics, Biology, Politics. New York / Oxford: Oxford University Press 2022, xvi + 354 pp. [REVIEW]Karen Margrethe Nielsen - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):936-940.
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  8.  22
    Epicurean Feelings ( pathē) as Criteria.Jan Maximilian Robitzsch - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):754-775.
    This paper is dedicated to feelings (pathē) as criteria of truth and criteria of choice and avoidance in Epicureanism. The first section reviews two features of the other two Epicurean criteria of truth, perceptions and preconceptions: their non-rational and evident character. The second section extends the account to feelings, showing how, on the basis of their non-rational and evident character, feelings can be used to gain insights. The third section of the paper finally turns to feelings as criteria of choice (...)
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  9.  12
    The Stoic Distinction between Syllogisms and Subsyllogisms.Fabian Ruge - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):776-806.
    This paper aims to explain the distinction between syllogisms and subsyllogisms in Stoic logic. Subsyllogisms replace at least one premise in a syllogism with a premise that is, according to Galen and Alexander, equipollent to the respective syllogistic premise. This equipollence is not synonymy of meaning between two linguistic expressions, but obtains between two propositions when they are true or false by the same standard. Subsyllogistic premises are simple propositions that are equipollent to the non-simple premises of the respective syllogisms. (...)
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  10. Aristotle on Non-substantial Particulars, Fundamentality, and Change.Keren Wilson Shatalov - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):723-753.
    There is a debate about whether particular properties are for Aristotle non-recurrent and trope-like individuals or recurrent universals. I argue that Physics I.7 provides evidence that he took non-substantial particulars to be neither; they are instead non-recurrent modes. Physics I.7 also helps show why this matters. Particular properties must be individual modes in order for Aristotle to preserve three key philosophical commitments: that objects of ordinary experience are primary substances, that primary substances undergo genuine change, and that primary substances are (...)
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  11.  39
    Mathematics First: Russell’s Methodological Response to Bradley.Oliver Thomas Spinney - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):913-932.
    In this article I examine the dispute between F. H. Bradley and Bertrand Russell concerning the reality of relations. I show that Bradley’s objections to Russell’s view, that there are such things as relations which serve to effect the unity of complex items, were rooted in a methodological approach which Russell did not share. On Bradley’s view, one must be able to offer reductive analyses of the items one postulates in order that commitment to those items be justified. I argue (...)
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  12.  39
    Kant’s Rationalist Account of Hope.Joe Stratmann - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (4):836-857.
    Few fates seem worse than living without cause for hope. Yet what is it to have a cause for hope? And how is it related to having hope? Although these questions have received relatively little philosophical attention, I argue that Kant advances a rationalist account of hope that addresses them. My central thesis has two parts. First, hope is a rational attitude for Kant; certain rational conditions are needed to differentiate hope from other desiderative attitudes (such as mere wishing or (...)
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  13.  31
    A Chrysippean Modality.D. T. J. Bailey - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):492-517.
    In this paper, I attempt to explain one of the most controversial views attributed to the Stoic Chrysippus: that the impossible can follow from the possible. My solution finds in Chrysippus a distinction later made by the medieval logician John Buridan: that between being possible (there being a state of affairs that may occur) and being possibly-true (there being some proposition whose truth-conditions are that state of affairs). Buridan and Chrysippus have radically opposing views on the nature of propositions. What (...)
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  14. Gill, Michael B. A Philosophy of Beauty: Shaftesbury on Nature, Virtue, and Art. Princeton: Princeton University Press 2022, 238 pp. [REVIEW]Ruth Boeker - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):660-664.
    Michael B. Gill’s A Philosophy of Beauty: Shaftesbury on Nature, Virtue, and Art focuses on Shaftesbury’s thinking about nature, religion, morality, and art. This beautifully and engagingly written book is insightful for scholars and general readers alike, and invites readers to explore the philosophical issues that arise from Shaftesbury’s philosophy. Gill not only shows how Shaftesbury’s ideas were revolutionary at the turn of the eighteenth century but also how they remain relevant today. Shaftesbury’s major work, Characteristicks of Men, Manners, Opinions, (...)
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  15.  15
    « Le mouvement semble faire partie des continus » : les commentateurs anciens sur Aristote, Phys. III 1, 200b16–17. [REVIEW]Giovanna R. Giardina - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):411-430.
    Résumé Dans cet article, j’analyse quelques passages des Commentaires sur la Physique de Simplicius, Philopon et Thémistius afin de : 1) démontrer que ces commentateurs interprètent la phrase d’Aristote, Phys. III 1, 200b16-17, comme affirmant que « continu » est un terme définitoire du mouvement ; 2) identifier la raison pour laquelle ils pensent que parler du mouvement naturel revient à dire que le mouvement est continu, et que, par conséquent, quand Aristote évoque le continu dès le début de sa (...)
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  16. Kant’s Account of Epistemic Normativity.Reza Hadisi - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):576-610.
    According to a common interpretation, most explicitly defended by Onora O’Neill and Patricia Kitcher, Kant held that epistemic obligations normatively depend on moral obligations. That is, were a rational agent not bound by any moral obligation, then she would not be bound by any epistemic obligation either. By contrast, in this paper, I argue that, according to Kant, some epistemic obligations are normatively independent from moral obligations, and are indeed normatively absolute. This view, which I call epistemicism, has two parts. (...)
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  17. Posidonius’ Two Systems: Animals and Emotions in Middle Stoicism.Benjamin Harriman - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):455-491.
    This paper attempts to reconstruct the views of the Stoic Posidonius on the emotions, especially as presented by Galen’s On the Doctrines of Hippocrates and Plato. This is a well-studied area, and many views have been developed over the last few decades. It is also significant that the reliability of Galen’s account is openly at issue. Yet it is not clear that the interpretative possibilities have been fully demarcated. Here I develop Galen’s claim that Posidonius accepted a persistent, non-rational aspect (...)
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  18.  22
    Shaftesbury’s Distinctive Sentiments: Moral Sentiments and Self-Governance.Matthew J. Kisner - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):548-575.
    This paper argues that Shaftesbury differs from other moral sentimentalists (Hutcheson, Hume, Smith) because he conceives of the moral sentiments as partial and first-personal, rather than impartial and spectatorial. This difference is grounded in Shaftesbury’s distinctive notion that moral self-governance consists in the self-examination of soliloquy. Breaking with his Stoic influences, Shaftesbury holds that the moral sentiments play the role of directing and guiding soliloquy. Because soliloquy is first-personal reflection that is directed to achieving happiness, claiming that the moral sentiments (...)
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  19.  27
    A Trivial Source of Wonder : Some Mathematical Examples in Plato’s Dialogues.Laura Marongiu - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):379-410.
    The purpose of this paper is to reassess some mathematical examples in Plato’s dialogues which at a first glance may appear to be nothing more than trivial puzzles. In order to provide the necessary background for this analysis, I shall begin by sketching a brief overview of Plato’s mathematical passages and discuss the criteria for aptly selecting them. Second, I shall explain what I mean by ‘mathematical examples,’ and reflect on their function in light of the discussion on παραδείγματα outlined (...)
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  20.  8
    Segev, Mor. The Value of the World and of Oneself: Philosophical Optimism and Pessimism from Aristotle to Modernity. New York: Oxford University Press 2022, xii + 272 pp. [REVIEW]Sean T. Murphy - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):656-660.
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  21.  25
    Aristotle on the Daemonic in De divinatione .Filip David Radovic - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):431-454.
    I argue that the adjective δαιμόνιος (‘daemonic’) and the substantivized adjective τὸ δαιμόνιον (‘the daemonic’) that occur in Aristotle’s dream treatises basically mean ‘divine-like,’ denoting an illusory appearance of divine intervention, typically in the form of an alleged god-sent prophetic dream. Yet the appearances to which the terms refer are, in fact, neither divine nor supernatural at all, but involve merely coincidental correlations between the dream and the fulfilling event. It is shown that Aristotle’s use of ‘daemonic’ is traditional and (...)
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  22.  40
    Being Wholly Here and Partially There: John Buridan vs Nicole Oresme on the Soul’s Presence in the Body.Sylvain Roudaut - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):518-547.
    This paper studies the theories defended by John Buridan and Nicole Oresme on the presence of the soul in the body, with a special focus on the interpretation of the Augustinian principle – or ‘holenmeric’ principle – according to which the soul is in the whole body and is wholly present in every part of it. The first part of the paper introduces the different types of composition involved in the medieval discussions over the soul and its parts and shows (...)
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  23.  6
    ‘Left-Kantianism’ and the ‘Scientific Dispute’ between Rudolf Stammler and Hermann Cohen.Elisabeth Widmer - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (3):632-655.
    This paper argues that the ‘scientific dispute’ between Hermann Cohen and Rudolf Stammler is symptomatic of a philosophical movement of left-wing Kant interpretations at the turn of the twentieth century. By outlining influential predecessors that shaped Cohen’s and Stammler’s thinking, I show that their Kantian justifications of socialism differ regarding their conception of law, history, and the political implications that follow from their practical philosophies. Against scholars who suggest that the Marburg School’s view on socialism was a coherent school of (...)
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  24.  45
    The Stability of Knowledge.Joseph Bjelde - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):145-176.
    Socrates’ official answer to Meno’s question about the value of knowledge, near the end of Plato’s Meno, is that knowledge is stable. I argue that both the answer and the question have been widely misunderstood. The question has been taken to be why knowing at a time is better than true belief at that time, and Socrates’ answer has been taken to point to the greater persistence of knowledge over time. I argue instead that, given the broader context of the (...)
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  25. On the Megarians of Metaphysics IX 3.Santiago Chame - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):177-206.
    In this paper, I compare the Megarian thesis of Metaphysics IX 3 with other sources on the Megarians in order to clarify two questions: that of the unity and nature of the so-called Megarian school and that of Aristotle’s broader argument in IX 3. I first review the disputed issue of the status of the Megarian school and then examine two hypotheses regarding the identity behind Aristotle’s allusion in IX 3. Third, I explore the connection between Megarianism and Plato’s Euthydemus, (...)
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  26.  33
    Boldyrev, Ivan and Stein, Sebastian (eds.). Interpreting Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit : Expositions and Critique of Contemporary Readings. New York / Abingdon: Routledge 2022, ix + 277 pp. [REVIEW]Robb Dunphy - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):375-378.
    Review of Ivan Boldyrev and Sebastian Stein (eds). Interpreting Hegel's Phenomenology: Expositions and Critique of Contemporary Readings.
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  27.  13
    Vassallo, Christian. The Presocratics at Herculaneum: A Study of Early Greek Philosophy in the Epicurean Tradition. Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter 2021, xxi + 763 pp.[REVIEW]Benjamin Harriman - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):370-374.
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  28.  10
    The ‘Aristotle Experience’ Revisited : Thomas Kuhn Meets Ludwik Fleck on the Road to Structure .Paweł Jarnicki & Hajo Greif - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):313-349.
    This article takes issue with Kuhn’s description of the ‘Aristotle experience,’ an event that took place in 1947 and that he retrospectively characterized as a revelation that instantly delivered to him the key concepts of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962). We trace a certain transformation of this narrative over time: whereas it commenced from a description of his impression of disparity between the textbook image of science and the study of historical sources, Kuhn started to characterize it as a (...)
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  29.  22
    Between Starvation and Spoilage : Conceptual Foundations of Locke’s Theory of Original Appropriation.Johan Olsthoorn - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):236-266.
    This paper reconstructs the conceptual foundations of Locke’s unilateralist theory of original appropriation through a critical comparison with the rival compact theories of Grotius and Pufendorf. Much of the normative and conceptual framework of Locke’s theory is common to theirs. Integrating his innovative doctrines on labour and natural self-proprietorship into this received theoretical framework logically required Locke to make several conceptual amendments. I highlight three all but overlooked revisions: (i) an unusually broad conception of labour; (ii) a reduction of mere (...)
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  30. Warding off the Evil Eye: Peer Envy in Rawls’s Just Society.James S. Pearson - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):350-369.
    This article critically analyzes Rawls’s attitude toward envy. In A Theory of Justice, Rawls is predominantly concerned with the threat that class envy poses to political stability. Yet he also briefly discusses the kind of envy that individuals experience toward their social peers, which he calls particular envy, and which I refer to as peer envy. He quickly concludes, however, that particular envy would not present a serious risk to the stability of his just society. In this article, I contest (...)
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  31.  47
    Transformativism and Expressivity in Hegel’s Philosophy of Mind.Julia Peters - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):295-312.
    According to a major trend in Hegel scholarship, Hegel advocates a McDowell-style transformativist conception of the human mind. Central to this conception is a methodological dualism, according to which phenomena belonging to the rational mind, in contrast to those belonging to non-rational nature, must be accounted for from within the ‘space of reasons.’ In this paper I argue, by contrast, that Hegel rejects methodological dualism. For Hegel, a constitutive aspect of the rational mind is the activity of expression. I show (...)
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  32.  15
    The Quandary of Infanticide in Kant’s ‘Doctrine of Right’.Jens Timmermann - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (2):267-294.
    The aim of this paper is to settle the controversy around Kant’s notorious discussion of maternal infanticide in the ‘Doctrine of Right’ of 1797. How should a state punish an unmarried mother who has killed her newborn infant? The text (at DoR VI 335–37) is obscure. Three readings have been defended in the literature: 1. Lenience. Maternal infanticide does not count as murder; so, capital punishment is inappropriate. On this view, the child does not enjoy the full recognition of the (...)
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  33.  34
    Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī on Animal Cognition and Immortality.Peter Adamson & Bethany Somma - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (1):23-52.
    This paper is devoted to a fascinating passage in Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 1210), in which he argues that non-human animals have rational souls. It is found in his Mulaḫḫaṣ fī l-manṭiq wa-l-ḥikma (Epitome on Philosophy and Logic). Following a discussion of the afterlife, Faḫr al-Dīn suggests that animals should, like humans, be capable of grasping universals, and that they are aware of their own identity over time. Furthermore, animal behavior shows that they are capable of rational planning and problem-solving. (...)
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  34.  31
    The Importance of Kant’s Schematism for Schelling’s Project of a Philosophy of Nature.Luis Fellipe Garcia - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (1):79-105.
    Counteracting a widespread interpretation of Schelling’s project of a philosophy of nature as anti-Kantian, this paper claims that Kant’s doctrine of the schematism plays a central role in the emergence and development of Schelling’s project. My argument will be structured in the following way. First, I will discuss Schelling’s reception of the schematism in his Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature of 1797, especially as regards his association of it with Kant’s dynamical conception of matter in the Metaphysical Foundations of (...)
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  35. Proops, Ian. The Fiery Test of Critique: A Reading of Kant's Dialectic. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2021, xiv + 486 pp. [REVIEW]Noam Hoffer - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (1):137-140.
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  36. Questioning Authority: Anthony Collins’ Challenge to Orthodox Anglican Authority Figures & George Berkeley’s Reply.Fasko Manuel - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (1):53-78.
    My goal in this paper is to reconstruct Anthony Collins’ challenge to the authority of orthodox Anglican figures, which arises due to arguments Collins develops in his Vindication of the Divine Attributes (1710) and Discourse on Free-Thinking (1713). In addition to shedding light on a hitherto underappreciated argument by Collins, my reconstruction allows me to propose a solution to the interpretive problem posed by §§16–22 of the fourth dialogue of Berkeley’s Alciphron (1732). While it has been acknowledged that Collins looms (...)
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  37.  35
    Reappraising Plato’s Cratylus.David Meißner - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (1):1-22.
    While the argument of Plato’s Cratylus supports both the claim that there is a natural correctness of names and the claim that correct names need not be descriptions or imitations of their referents, the protagonists of the Cratylus find it infeasible to reconcile these two claims. In my paper, I account for this puzzling observation by elaborating a novel interpretation of the Cratylus. I show that the protagonists of the Cratylus are unable to make sense of the results of their (...)
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  38.  22
    Textor, Mark. The Disappearance of the Soul and the Turn against Metaphysics: Austrian Philosophy 1874–1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press 2021, xv + 386 pp. [REVIEW]Edgar Morscher - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 106 (1):140-143.
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  39. The Emergence of Marx’s Concept of Subsumption.Tal Meir Giladi - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 1 (3):611-631.
    In Marx’s posthumously published manuscripts from 1857–1863, we find a systematic exposition of his concept of subsumption. Though much has been written about it, significant interpretative gaps persist. In this article, I begin filling these gaps by examining the emergence of Marx’s concept of subsumption. I will argue that in the Grundrisse Marx brings together distinct but complementary elements from Hegel’s theories of judgment and teleology to coin two new and well delineated concepts of subsumption that prefigure his later concepts (...)
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  40. Carl Stumpf and the Curious Incident of Music in Wittgenstein’s Tractatus.Eran Guter - 2024 - Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie.
    This essay explores Wittgenstein’s encounter with Stumpf’s work in Tone Psychology during a rarely studied period in Wittgenstein’s early career when he worked as a researcher in Myers’s laboratory for experimental psychology in Cambridge. I argue that Stumpf’s emphasis on the notion of musicality as the ability to characterize what is ‘musical’ about music troubled Wittgenstein’s initial formulation of his career-long adherence to the comparison between language and music. In the Tractatus the importance of internal projective relations far exceeds that (...)
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