A course in professional ethics for civil engineers was taught for the first time in Spain during the academic year 2007/08. In this paper a survey on the satisfaction and expectation of the course is presented. Surprisingly the students sought moral and ethical principles for their own ordinary lives as well as for their profession. Students were concerned about the law, but in their actions they were more concerned with their conscience, aware that it can be separate from the law.

In case of special engineering projects of important relevance it is interesting to pay attention to several possible risks; some of them are in the field of morality or ethics. Due to the social importance of these risks, additional considerations or even additional warranties are justified.

This study examines whether character strengths predict resilience (operationalized as stable or higher mental health and subjective well-being despite an adverse event) over a period of approximately one month during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Spain. Using a longitudinal design, participants (N = 348 adults) completed online measures of sociodemographic data, information regarding their situation in relation to the COVID-19, character strengths, general mental health, life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect. All variables were measured at Time 1 and Time (...) 2, except for sociodemographic and most COVID-related information (Time 1 only). Time 1 data collection was conducted between March 21, 2020 and April 2, 2020, i.e., approximately the second week of lockdown in Spain. Time 2 data collection was conducted between April 24, 2020 and May 18, 2020, after the Spanish government announced ita intention to progressively release the lockdown. A principal component analysis of character strengths was conducted. Five character strength factors were extracted: fortitude, goodness, intellectual, interpersonal, and restraint. Factor structures at Times 1 and 2 were highly consistent. All character strength factors at Time 1 correlated positively with life satisfaction and positive affect, and negatively with negative affect and mental health at T2 (higher scores in the mental health measure indicate poorer mental health). Fortitude strengths showed the highest correlations. We conducted a series of regression analyses with strength factors at Time 1 as predictors, and mental health, life satisfaction, and positive and negative affect as dependent variables, controlling for their baseline levels. To test the directionality of the relationship between strengths and the dependent variables, all analyses were reversed. All character strength factors predicted an increase in mental health. They also predicted positive affect, with the exception of strengths of restraint. Fortitude, intellectual and interpersonal strengths predicted an increase in life satisfaction. Finally, fortitude strengths, interpersonal strengths, and strengths of restraint, predicted a decrease in negative affect. None of the reversed analyses yielded significant effects. Limitations, implications, and possible character strengths-based interventions aimed at promoting mental health in the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed. (shrink)

Nesta entrevista, conduzida por Gonçalo Marcelo e Maria Luísa Portocarrero, Daniel Frey, professor de filosofia da religião na Universidade de Estrasburgo e Presidente do Conselho Científico do Fonds Ricoeur, apresenta alguns aspetos centrais da sua investigação filosófica, do seu desenvolvimento intelectual e das atividades desenvolvidas no Fonds Ricoeur. Daniel Frey expõe a sua teoria hermenêutica da leitura, influenciada por Gadamer e Ricoeur, mostrando a especificidade da abordagem hermenêutica da leitura. Na entrevista, o autor também explora a importância da filosofia do (...) jovem Ricoeur dos anos 1950‑1960, e a evolução da relação entre filosofia e religião em Ricoeur. Fazendo uma breve descrição do estatuto das obras que se tornam “clássicas” e dos projetos recentes do Fonds Ricoeur, como a digitalização dos arquivos de Ricoeur, esta entrevista de Daniel Frey mostra‑nos até que ponto o trabalho de Ricoeur se encontra hoje aberto a novas leituras e interpretações. (shrink)

EDUCERE is a government funded research and development project. EDUCERE objectives are to investigate, develop, and evaluate innovative solutions for society to detect changes in psychomotor development through the natural interaction of children with toys and everyday objects, and perform stimulation and early attention activities in real environments such as home and school. In the EDUCERE project, an ethical impact assessment is carried out linked to a minors’ data protection rights. Using a specific methodology, the project has achieved some promising (...) results. These include use of a prototype of smart toys to detect development difficulties in children. In addition, privacy protection measures which take into account the security concerns of health data, have been proposed and applied. This latter security framework could be useful in other Internet of Things related projects. It consists of legal and technical measures. Special attention has been placed in the transformation of bulk data such as acceleration and jitter of toys into health data when patterns of atypical development are found. The article describes the different security profiles in which users are classified. (shrink)

Hospitals are paying increasing attention to the delivery of humanized care. The purpose of this study was to explore from the nursing perspective what hospital managers might do to facilitate this. A secondary analysis from a primary ethnographic study regarding dignity in nursing practice was conducted. Twenty interviews of internal medicine nurses from four hospitals were analyzed, and three main themes were identified: Management of nursing teams, Management of ethical values, and Management of the context. It is important for institutional (...) values to be closely aligned with those of the nursing profession, and nurse managers play a key role in ensuring that the latter are applied in practice. The proposed actions offer a cost‐effective framework through which nurses and managers may promote the delivery of humanized care. (shrink)

Resumen: Casablanca la bella de Fernando Vallejo continúa el diálogo que el narrador sostiene con la muerte en sus textos anteriores. La novela evidencia y despliega las obsesiones del autor a partir de la compra y restauración de Casablanca, antigua casa ubicada en el barrio Laureles, Medellín, y cifra de un antiguo esplendor, ahora devastado y vencido por el paso del tiempo. La refacción de la casona constituye una empresa utópica que, aunque condenada al fracaso, trasciende el plano arquitectónico y (...) alcanza alturas revolucionarias, políticas, en el delirio narrativo. La entronización del Corazón de Jesús cuando la casa es inaugurada se erige como la posibilidad de reunir a las presencias amadas en una fiesta heterotópica y soñar con ganarle la batalla no solo a Colombia, la mala patria, sino fundamentalmente a la destrucción y a la muerte. Así, la escritura deviene funeraria, poblada de los vestigios y de la irreductible presencia de los otros, los muertos y los animales, quienes encuentran un espacio hospitalario en el recuerdo y la memoria.: Casablanca la bella, the latest novel by Fernando Vallejo, is a continuation of the dialogue the writer has with Death in earlier works. The novel shows and displays the writer’s obsession from the moment he buys Casablanca, an old house in the Laureles neighbourhood, Medellin, and begins its restoration. The refurbishment of the large house, a symbol of long gone and devastated splendour, becomes a utopian enterprise that, though doomed to fail, transcends the architectural scope and reaches revolutionary, political, heights in the narrative delusion. The enthronement of the Sacred Heart when the house is reopened rises as the possibility to reunite the ghosts of loved ones in a heterotopic party and to dream of winning the battle not only over Colombia, the bad mother country, but most importantly over destruction and death. Thus, the writing becomes funerary, inhabited by remnants and the insurmountable presence of the others, the dead and the animals, who find a welcoming place in remembrance and memory. (shrink)

Dal "disegno su sabbia" delle donne australiane alle terrecotte delle donne del Camerun, dai retablos peruviani agli altari vodou degli immigrati haitiani a New York, dalla "Casa del popolo" del regno di Bandjoun alle "vetrinette" italiane degli anni Sessanta, dai malanggan e dai manufatti annodati dell'Oceania alla topologia dei nodi, dai bologan del Mali alla "Potlatch Collection" rimpatriata nei nuovi musei indigeni del Canada, dalle maschere gelede degli Yoruba alla figura ubiqua e mediatica di Mami Wata, i saggi di questo (...) volume evidenziano le valenze operative dell'arte: sia nell'arena sociale e politica contemporanea, cui appartengono anche le "tradizioni", sia nel campo cognitivo e religioso. A lungo confinata ai soli territori esotici delle culture "primitive" e limitata da un'eccessiva dipendenza dalle categorie interpretative occidentali, la riflessione antropologica sull'arte e sull'estetica trova oggi un nuovo respiro teorico, e un nuovo fascino. (shrink)

The aim of this paper is to reflect the contribution of Philosophical Hermeneutics to Psychotherapy. We first start by clarifying the meaning of Philosophical Hermeneutics and by analyzing its object. Second, finding a support in the two most important names of contemporary Hermeneutics, both H.G. Gadamer and Paul Ricœur, we reject the naturalism to which Psychotherapy reduces itself insofar as it does not take into account the close connection between man ‘s world-of-life and its temporal, linguistic and narrative dimension. Indeed, (...) the very center of the contribution of Hermeneutics lies in the constitution of identity through ethical, linguistic and institutional mediation. (shrink)

This paper aims to present an approach to Frege and Husserl’s theories of meaning in order to integrate meaning in the broader context of intentionality. Intentionality and reference are two notions with affinities, despite their pertaining to different but not separated areas... When comparing Frege and Husserl’s theories of meaning and intentionality we may provide a fruitful and enriching perspective: some problems and concepts of Husserl’s thought may be elucidated if confronted with those of Frege. On the other hand, Husserl’s (...) theories of meaning and intentionality provide a broader and far-reaching scope to Frege’s ideas on meaning.. Husserl’s concept of intentionality provides a new perspective which allows to overcome some of the impasses of Frege’s theory of meaning. (shrink)

Enrique Leff sostiene que las causas profundas de la crisis ambiental se basan en formas dominantes de conocimiento, es decir, la crisis tiene sus raíces en las bases epistemológicas de la modernidad. Leff sistemáticamente se ha dedicado a proponer y construir conceptos que deconstruyen los supuestos modernos, y que al mismo tiempo, permiten nuevas formas de entender y aprehender el mundo. Su extensa obra ha logrado trascender y forjar un espacio para el pensamiento ambiental, no sólo en la educación y (...) la filosofía ambiental, sino también en las áreas de la economía, la sociología y el desarrollo. Su argumento central es que estos problemas son el resultado de una crisis de la civilización, e insta a todos a repensar los fundamentos de la racionalidad moderna que subyace a la sociedad global contemporánea. (shrink)

Enrique Leff sostiene que las causas profundas de la crisis ambiental se basan en formas dominantes de conocimiento, es decir, la crisis tiene sus raíces en las bases epistemológicas de la modernidad. Leff sistemáticamente se ha dedicado a proponer y construir conceptos que deconstruyen los supuestos modernos, y que al mismo tiempo, permiten nuevas formas de entender y aprehender el mundo. Su extensa obra ha logrado trascender y forjar un espacio para el pensamiento ambiental, no sólo en la educación y (...) la filosofía ambiental, sino también en las áreas de la economía, la sociología y el desarrollo. Su argumento central es que estos problemas son el resultado de una crisis de la civilización, e insta a todos a repensar los fundamentos de la racionalidad moderna que subyace a la sociedad global contemporánea. (shrink)

El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar, primero, cómo se formaron las ciencias sociales, con qué características y presupuestos, y comprender sus dificultades para entender y abordar los problemas ambientales. En un segundo momento se presentarán unas reflexiones en torno al conocimiento y su relación con el ambiente, así como la importancia de superar la escisión entre las llamadas ciencias duras y las sociales/humanas, y la necesidad de aportes como los de las ciencias de la complejidad, de los estudios culturales, (...) de modernidad/colonialidad, y del pensamiento ambiental, como desafíos y posibilidades para abordar el problema ambiental de manera integral. Este conjunto de aproximaciones representa un reto grande para las ciencias sociales, pero sin enfrentarlo será imposible abordar los problemas ambientales de manera adecuada. (shrink)

This article rereads some of Kant’s writings considered as pre-critical. It tries to investigate how in them the reflection about knowledge progressively takes a new direction against dogmatic positions. In order to do this, this article focuses on some of its specific aspects. We cannot assimilate these works to the revolution that the KrV will signify but we can read them as a preparation for that critical field. We share those interpretations which think that there is more continuity than breaking (...) off between the Kant considered pre-critical and his deployment clearly critical. (shrink)

Diese Studie der Deskription bei Franz Brentano lässt dessen Philosophie als ein «Programm der Deskription» erscheinen, das einen spezifischen Beitrag zur Gottesfrage leistet. Im Gegensatz zur scholastischen Tradition stellt er diese Frage auf sprachlicher Ebene und sucht dadurch erkenntnistheoretisch-metaphysische Engführungen zu überwinden. Er betont die deskriptive (nicht physikalische oder metaphysische) Bedeutung der Kausalität in ihrer Zeitgebundenheit und zeigt, dass die Existenz Gottes zeitlich bestimmt werden muss: Nur so ist eine sinnvolle Rede von Gott möglich. Brentanos Denken wurde in der Theologie (...) kaum wahrgenommen, aber die deskriptive Lösung des Problems von «esse et essentia», die Arten der Zeitlichkeit, die Betrachtung von Analogielehre und Univozität sind richtungsweisend. (shrink)

Testimonio que recoge algunas experiencias y reflexiones de la artista visual costarricense María Rapela en Alemania y de cómo se involucró en la gestión cultural, coordinando el Fieber Festival, una plataforma colaborativa y auto-gestionada de mujeres artistas migrantes iberoamericanas en Berlín entre el 2011 y el 2017.

We introduce new proof systems for propositional logic, simple deduction Frege systems, general deduction Frege systems, and nested deduction Frege systems, which augment Frege systems with variants of the deduction rule. We give upper bounds on the lengths of proofs in Frege proof systems compared to lengths in these new systems. As applications we give near-linear simulations of the propositional Gentzen sequent calculus and the natural deduction calculus by Frege proofs. The length of a proof is the number of lines (...) in the proof. A general deduction Frege proof system provides at most quadratic speedup over Frege proof systems. A nested deduction Frege proof system provides at most a nearly linear speedup over Frege system where by "nearly linear" is meant the ratio of proof lengths is O) where α is the inverse Ackermann function. A nested deduction Frege system can linearly simulate the propositional sequent calculus, the tree-like general deduction Frege calculus, and the natural deduction calculus. Hence a Frege proof system can simulate all those proof systems with proof lengths bounded by O). Also we show that a Frege proof of n lines can be transformed into a tree-like Frege proof of O lines and of height O. As a corollary of this fact we can prove that natural deduction and sequent calculus tree-like systems simulate Frege systems with proof lengths bounded by O. (shrink)

This volume includes recent contributions to the philosophy of science from a historical point of view and of the highest topicality: the range of the topics covers all fields in the philosophy of the science provided by authors from around the world focusing on ancient, modern and contemporary periods in the development of the science philosophy. This proceedings is for the scientific community and students at graduate level as well as postdocs in this interdisciplinary field of research.

This is the first of two volumes comprising the papers submitted for publication by the invited participants to the Tenth International Congress of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science, held in Florence, August 1995. The Congress was held under the auspices of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science, Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science. The invited lectures published in the two volumes demonstrate much of what goes on in the fields of the Congress and give (...) the state of the art of current research. The two volumes cover the traditional subdisciplines of mathematical logic and philosophical logic, as well as their interfaces with computer science, linguistics and philosophy. Philosophy of science is broadly represented, too, including general issues of natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. The papers in Volume One are concerned with logic, mathematical logic, the philosophy of logic and mathematics, and computer science. (shrink)

This book gives a state-of-the-art survey of current research in logic and philosophy of science, as viewed by invited speakers selected by the most prestigious international organization in the field. In particular, it gives a coherent picture of foundational research into the various sciences, both natural and social. In addition, it has special interest items such as symposia on interfaces between logic and methodology, semantics and semiotics, as well as updates on the current state of the field in Eastern Europe (...) and the Far East. (shrink)

This book gives a state-of-the-art survey of current research in logic and philosophy of science, as viewed by invited speakers selected by the most prestigious international organization in the field. In particular, it gives a coherent picture of foundational research into the various sciences, both natural and social. In addition, it has special interest items such as symposia on interfaces between logic and methodology, semantics and semiotics, as well as updates on the current state of the field in Eastern Europe (...) and the Far East. (shrink)

L’autrice sostiene che l’arte contemporanea etnicamente marcata – arte contemporanea africana, aborigena, nativa – è inclusa nell’arte contemporanea tout court – la categoria non-marcata e dominante – nella forma dell’eccezione agambeniana, ossia secondo quella logica di esclusione inclusiva che caratterizza anche le opposizioni privative in semantica cognitiva e le opposizioni gerarchiche di Louis Dumont (l’englobement du contraire). L’esame di alcuni esempi rivela come il diniego di coevità (Johannes Fabian) riservato agli Altri, prima che alla loro arte, sia tuttora operante e (...) si esprima anche in un certo discorso curatoriale, principalmente attraverso l’applicazione di coppie di opposti categoriali all’arte contemporanea marcata/non-marcata. Questo tipo di discorso, includendo paradossalmente l’arte etnicamente marcata nella contemporaneità proprio in virtù della sua temporalità diversa e disgiuntiva, riafferma surrettiziamente la differenza antropologica che ci divide dai suoi creatori. Un riesame critico delle dicotomie che qualificano il dualismo antropologico noi/altri nel paradigma storico-artistico dominante, conclude l’autrice, sembra premessa necessaria per apprezzare le altre estetiche: estetiche che sono a noi coeve, e che non necessariamente pertengono a ciò che, per noi, è arte. (shrink)