This landmark work provides a systematic introduction to systems of modal logic and stands as the first presentation of what have become central ideas in philosophy of language and metaphysics, from the "new theory of reference" and non-linguistic necessity and essentialism to "Kripke semantics.".

Il libro di C., che costituisce il quinto volume della nuova promettente collana diretta da E.V. Maltese, nella quale sono già apparsi importanti contributi ed altri sono annunciati, comprende l'edizione critica e il commento di una parte delle poesie anacreontiche giunte sino a noi nella ben nota raccolta tramandata, mutila, come dimostra l'indice antico dei ff. 1-7, dal codice Barb. gr. 310, e più precisamente i componimenti classicheggianti sopravvissuti nella prima parte del manoscritto, con l'esclusione delle anacreontiche di Sofronio di (...) Gerusalemme, tutte già ripubblicate in edizione critica nel 1957, e dell'anacreontica di Michele Sincello, riedita in anni recenti. Anche i poemetti dei cinque autori scelti da C. — Elia Sincello, Ignazio Diacono, Leone Magistro, Giovanni di Gaza e Giorgio Grammatico — sono stati, per la verità, già pubblicati (e taluni tradotti in italiano) una o più volte, e forse, almeno da un punto di vista utilitaristico, sarebbe valsa la pena di ripubblicare tutta la sezione di anacreontiche classicheggianti della Silloge. Tanto più che questa nuova edizione ha soprattutto il merito di consentire al lettore italiano, anche non bizantinista, una uniforme consultazione di testi complessi ed eterogenei, degli apparati, della traduzione a fronte, accompagnata da note di commento; sebbene l'indice generale del volume, poco dettagliato, e non preceduto da un indice dei nomi, non aiuti il lettore nell'individuazione immediata dei testi e degli argomenti. (shrink)

Appearing in English for the first time, Schelling’s 1842 lectures develop the idea that many philosophical concepts are born of religious-mythological notions.

Wikipedia est devenue en quelques années un outil de diffusion d'informations scientifiques de premier plan, utilisé par élèves, professeurs et chercheurs (parmi ces derniers, un sur dix reconnaît y contribuer). Malgré un système d'édition relativement complexe, le ' wiki de la connaissance ' a gagné en popularité (15 millions d'articles, 270 langues, 100 000 contributeurs bénévoles). On en sait davantage sur son fonctionnement : son taux d'erreur factuel est relativement similaire à celui de l'encyclopédie payante Britannica ; les articles sont (...) souvent rédigés par un petit nombre de contributeurs (5 % des contributeurs sont à l'origine de 90 % du contenu) ; une série d'' administrateurs ' jouent les pompiers ou les gendarmes, non sans s'attirer les foudres d'une partie des contributeurs ; dynamique communautaire et positionnement identitaire sont les deux motivations principales pour contribuer ; les sources scientifiques sont d'autant plus citées dans Wikipedia qu'elles le sont déjà dans le monde scientifique (le ' facteur d'impact ' est involontairement reproduit)... Comparée à ses concurrents, Citizendium et Knol, l'encyclopédie contributive se démarque par son développement insolent, mais l'éventualité d'une stabilisation du nombre d'articles (on assiste aujourd'hui à une sorte de plafonnement) laisse imaginer qu'à l'avenir les contributeurs se concentreront davantage sur la qualité des articles. (shrink)

With precision and profundity born of 30 years of devoted study, John Boyle offers an essential introduction to St. Thomas Aquinas on Scripture, shedding helpful light on the goals, methods, and commitments that animate the Angelic Doctor's engagement with the sacred page. Because the genius of St. Thomas's approach to the Bible lies not so much in its novelty but rather in the fidelity and clarity with which he recapitulates the riches of the preceding interpretive Tradition, this initiation into St. (...) Thomas's vision of Scripture is itself an orientation to the Church's vision of Scripture, from the Fathers through and beyond the Middle Ages. St. Thomas's embeddedness within the Church's Tradition and his own historical context is integral to his approach to Scripture, yet it sets him at some distance from modern readers, for whom his interpretive vision may seem perplexing or even impenetrable. In this Primer, Boyle first provides an acclimation to this medieval context through a survey and explanation of pertinent technical terminology used by St. Thomas and characteristic of the scholastic theology of the time. With an eye to the medieval practice of considering Scripture according to the fourfold division of causes, Boyle builds on this initial foundation by exploring in turn St. Thomas's accounts of the end or use of Scripture (final cause), its divine and human authorship (efficient cause), its order and division (material cause), and its literary styles or genres (formal cause). Drawing on writings from across St. Thomas's corpus, but especially his work On the Commendation and Division of Sacred Scripture and the prologues to his biblical commentaries, Boyle masterfully elucidates both the hermeneutical principles and deep wisdom of the Angelic Doctor's approach to Scripture, imparting invaluable guidance not only for reading and understanding St. Thomas and other great masters of the Tradition, but also-and ultimately-for understanding Scripture in light of this Tradition and reading it with greater benefit and joy. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Der Islam Jahrgang: 94 Heft: 1 Seiten: 66-93.

Depuis une dizaine d'années, des centaines des millions d'internautes ont donné naissance à des édifices informationnels novateurs. Ces dispositifs dits Web 2.0 constituent de nouveaux modèles éditoriaux. Ces changements,qui s'inscrivent dans la continuité de l'histoire des techniques et des usages, accélèrent considérablement les processus historiques en cours. Par la métaphore des frontières, cet article analyse les profondes mutations intervenues dans le domaine des savoirs : question de l'accès, enjeux de la mémoire collective, transformation de la nature des savoirs.

This article examines word-based puzzles as texts. In particular, it analyzes the potential of using a seemingly harmless pastime — the solving of puzzles — for propagandistic ends. Propaganda is an attempt to manipulate and dominate discourses some of whose manifestations are texts. Because a thorough examination of puzzles has not yet been undertaken, word-based puzzles will be considered first in general, followed by a detailed examination of the potential propagandistic impact of puzzles drawn from the official Nazi newspaper, Völkischer (...) Beobachter [Folkish Observer]. (shrink)