ResumenEl presente artículo busca describir y analizar, desde un enfoque multimodal (Kress y van Leeuwen, 2001; Kress, 2005, 2009; Jewitt, 2009), las relaciones entre los marcadores del discurso (Martín Zorraquino y Portolés, 1999) y los memes (Knobel y Lankshear, 2005; Varis y Blommaert, 2015), a partir de una selección de memes que fueron compartidos en dos grupos de Whatsapp de estudiantes de dos escuelas secundarias de Buenos Aires. Para ilustrar esta relación, nos detendremos en el marcador ahre, marcador de gran (...) frecuencia de uso en el habla de los estudiantes, con el fin de, en primer lugar, describir las funciones comunicativas que mantiene en los memes, y, en segundo lugar, indagar en qué medida este marcador desempeña solo una función discursiva verbal dentro del meme, o si se configura de manera autónoma como marcador-meme. Esta categoría novedosa y aporte de esta investigación nos permitirá evidenciar cómo un marcador oral puede constituirse en meme y, simultáneamente, cómo un meme puede funcionar como marcador en los intercambios en línea. Por último, discutiremos los resultados en torno al modal ontinuum (Tannen, 1982), y cómo los marcadores conversacionales en géneros digitales se inscriben como un recurso dentro del repertorio lingüístico de los estudiantes. (shrink)

Este artigo busca relacionar os fundamentos da Ética e da Organização do Conhecimento, percebendo-os como internamente conectados, para construir pontes conceituais entre os dois campos. O objetivo é propor uma caracterização da Ética e da Justiça Social, apontando as consequências de sua negação ou ausência na Organização do Conhecimento. Para isso, foi realizada uma investigação qualitativa que situa o debate ético em Platão e na formação da filosofia grega antiga, bem como apresenta o conceito de Justiça Social como paridade de (...) participação, nos moldes estabelecidos por Nancy Fraser. Os resultados indicam que a práxis voltada para a Justiça Social pode ser considerada um supravalor para a Organização do Conhecimento, atuando no sentido de fortalecer sua própria fundamentação teórica e sua orientação pela ampliação da democracia. (shrink)

Este artículo explora los modos en que las imágenes de perpetradores pueden encarnarse en las maquinarias propagandísticas. En este sentido, analiza parte del material de archivo de la televisión oficial argentina durante la Guerra de las Islas Malvinas que aparece en el film documental 1982 (Lucas Gallo, 2020), a fin de elaborar una revisión no sólo de la imbricación de las imágenes con las políticas de exterminio, sino para discutir la concepción del archivo como ficción y como instrumento de la (...) memoria. Palabras clave: guerra de Malvinas; archivo; imagen de perpetrador; propaganda; dictadura argentina. (shrink)

Nursing is at the same time a vocation, a profession and a job. By nature, nursing is a moral endeavor, and being a ‘good nurse’ is an issue and an aspiration for professionals. The aim of our qualitative research project carried out with 18 nurse teachers at a university nursing school in Brazil was to identify the ethical image of nursing. In semistructured interviews the participants were asked to choose one of several pictures, to justify their choice and explain what (...) they meant by an ethical nurse. Five different perspectives were revealed: good nurses fulfill their duties correctly; they are proactive patient advocates; they are prepared and available to welcome others as persons; they are talented, competent, and carry out professional duties excellently; and they combine authority with power sharing in patient care. The results point to a transition phase from a historical introjection of religious values of obedience and service to a new sense of a secular, proactive, scientific and professional identity. (shrink)

A number of experiences have demonstrated how digital solutions are effective in improving quality of life (QoL) and health outcomes for older adults. Smart Health Age-Friendly Environments (SHAFE) is a new concept introduced in Europe since 2017 that combines the concept of Age-Friendly Environments with Information Technologies, supported by health and community care to improve the health and disease management of older adults and during the life-course. This chapter aims to provide an initial overview of the experiences available not only (...) in Europe, based on the research work of the participants of the International Interdisciplinary Network on Health and Well-being in an Age-Friendly Digital World (NET4Age-Friendly), which could be of interest to preventive, health and social authorities. The chapter reports good practices, pain points, and bottlenecks that may require a collaborative, interdisciplinary research approach to facilitate the transformations towards smart, sustainable, health and age-friendly cities and communities. (shrink)

El Anuario de Filosofía del Derecho es una muestra significativa de la vitalidadde nuestra disciplina. La revisión del dogmatismo iusnaturalista dominante ydel positivismo jurídico que le dio respuesta ha permitido la incorporación deestudios en el campo del razonamiento jurídico que han contribuido a concebir elDerecho como práctica argumentativa. En este sentido, la interpretación es esencialen el trabajo de todo jurista. Nuestra razón de ser es buscar y ofrecer solucionesútiles a problemas sociales. Ser buen profesional en este ámbito exige dar voza (...) quienes no la tienen y a contribuir en la garantía de los derechos humanos, en elderecho a tener derechos. La reflexión filosófico jurídica entendida en términos derazón práctica se encuentra con nuevos desafíos, de los cuales tres son analizadoscon mayor detenimiento: la amenaza global sobre la vida del planeta, la ampliaciónde las exigencias de justicia a otros seres no humanos, y la superación de unmodelo de gestión migratoria que paradójicamente reduce las vías legales, segurasy ordenadas para la entrada y acogida de personas desplazadas conformeaumentan las causas que fuerzan dicha movilidad humana. (shrink)

Following the traces of some references to pre-existing matter in the Septuagint, the article analyses the interpretation of Gen 1, 2a in Philo of Alexandria’s De opificio mundi with a focus on his omission of the ἀκατασκεύαστος character of the earth. Philo’s interpretation is closely linked to his conception of emptiness and to his pioneering defence of a creation ex nihilo. In his cosmology, which is articulated as a dual interpretation of the Genesis and Plato’s Timaeus, the matter plays an (...) essential role. Philo justifies its existence on Aristotelian-Stoic grounds, highlighting the process of gradual refinement whereby matter passes from being a rough ὕλη to being an elaborate type of οὐσία. (shrink)

This study was aimed at predicting individual differences in text reading fluency. The basic proposal included two factors, i.e., the ability to decode letter strings (measured by discrete pseudo-word reading) and integration of the various sub-components involved in reading (measured by Rapid Automatized Naming, RAN). Subsequently, a third factor was added to the model, i.e., naming of discrete digits. In order to use homogeneous measures, all contributing variables considered the entire processing of the item, including pronunciation time. The model, which (...) was based on commonality analysis, was applied to data from a group of 43 typically developing readers (11- to 13-year-olds) and a group of 25 chronologically matched dyslexic children. In typically developing readers, both orthographic decoding and integration of reading sub-components contributed significantly to the overall prediction of text reading fluency. The model prediction was higher (from ca. 37% to 52% of the explained variance) when we included the naming of discrete digits variable, which had a suppressive effect on pseudo-word reading. In the dyslexic readers, the variance explained by the two-factor model was high (69%) and did not change when the third factor was added. The lack of a suppression effect was likely due to the prominent individual differences in poor orthographic decoding of the dyslexic children. Analyses on data from both groups of children were replicated by using patches of colours as stimuli (both in the RAN task and in the discrete naming task) obtaining similar results. We conclude that it is possible to predict much of the variance in text-reading fluency using basic processes, such as orthographic decoding and integration of reading sub-components, even without taking into consideration higher-order linguistic factors such as lexical, semantic and contextual abilities. The approach validity of using proximal vs distal causes to predict reading fluency is discussed. (shrink)

El artículo plantea algunas condiciones que permitan superar las dos posiciones en las que parece alternativamente preso el debate actual sobre la inmigración: la visión instrumental, torpemente pragmática, y la "humanitaria", anclada en la conmiseración o la piedad. Para alcanzar la dimensión política es preciso superar un análisis de los flujos migratorios erróneo, el que esta en la base de ambas posiciones. Y si se supera esa visión, se superaran los actuales instrumentos jurídicos de política de inmigración, que no son (...) acordes con el reconocimiento pleno y la garantía de los derechos humanos fundamentales, pero tampoco con el necesario reconocimiento de la condición de sujeto del espacio publico a los inmigrantes que residen establemente, es decir, con las exigencias de una democracia plural e inclusiva, que es el reto, pero también la oportunidad que nos ofrece otro análisis de la inmigración, que recupere la dimensión política profunda de este fenómeno, en el orden interno y en el internacional. (shrink)

Esta obra es una reivindicación de la figura de Giner de los Ríos como uno de los más grandes hitos de la historia del pensamiento español al anticipar teorías filosóficas, científicas, políticas, morales, legales que se desarrollarán en el siglo XX, ocupando en todos los casos el hombre y lo humano un puesto central: un hombre, en torno al cual se contextualiza el mundo ético del krausismo, en el que cada uno de nosotros está abocado al bien como deber vital. (...) Concilia la autonomía del ciudadano con valores universales, desarrollando todo un sistema humanista racional, liberal y abierto a lo social. Otro rasgo de su pensamiento es su modernidad: su objetivo es reformar las estructuras del país a través de la educación: el aspecto más conocido de su obra y cuyo punto de partida es su antropología. El resultado será la transformación social (en un país tan necesitado de ella), un cambio de la persona no por la razón técnica sino moral: individuos libres en una sociedad que la garantiza. Con ello busca la creación de un pueblo adulto por medio de la aplicación de su concepto de Humanidad. Y así, en su búsqueda de una nación de hombres justos y virtuosos nos puso en contacto con el pensamiento europeo: introdujo en nuestro país el krausopositivismo y los avances de la nueva ciencia que se desarrolla desde la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, limitados por la moral. La Institución Libre de Enseñanza sería el intento de realizar la transformación del hombre, según unos valores de plena vigencia en el presente. Giner fue, en definitiva, el impulsor del èthos de la civilidad, cuyo núcleo central reside en el imperativo categórico kantiano: hacer el bien por el bien mismo. (shrink)

La presente ponencia trata de esclarecer de qué hablamos cuando hablamos de dominio. Para ello se escrutará la noción hobbesiana de soberanía y su relación con los fundamentos de la política. Hecho esto, se discutirá la vigencia de la misma en la teoría y la praxis políticas contemporáneas.

In a previous study we examined reading, spelling, and maths skills in an unselected group of 129 Italian children attending fifth grade by testing various cognitive predictors; results showed a high degree of predictors’ selectivity for each of these three behaviors. In the present study, we focused on the specificity of the predictors by performing cross-analyses on the same dataset; i.e., we predicted spelling and maths skills based on reading predictors, reading based on maths predictors and so on. Results indicated (...) that some predictors, such as the Orthographic Decision and the Arithmetic Facts tests, predicted reading, spelling and maths skills in similar ways, while others predicted different behaviors but only for a specific parameter, such as fluency but not accuracy, and still others were specific for a single behavior. To interpret these results, we propose a novel model of learning skills separately considering factors in terms of competence, performance and acquisition. Reading, spelling and calculation skills would depend on the development of discrete and different abstract competences. By contrast, overlap among behaviors would be accounted for by defective acquisition in automatized responses to individual “instances”; this latter skill is item specific but domain independent. Finally, performance factors implied in task’s characteristics may contribute to the partial association among learning skills. It is proposed that this new model may provide a useful base for interpreting the diffuse presence of comorbidities among learning disorders. (shrink)

Este trabajo aborda el fenómeno de involución que se ha producido en los últimos años en el entendimiento de las relaciones entre libertad y seguridad en la tradición democrática. Tras el 11 de septiembre de 2001, la estrategia de guerra contra el terrorismo sustituye la lógica del Estado de Derecho por la del Estado de sitio y difunde el viejo recurso del miedo al otro y el paradójico repliegue en un nosotros cada vez más reducido, incluso en sociedades que hacen (...) bandera del universalismo. Entre el miedo a la amenaza exterior y el miedo al enemigo interno, se acrecienta el rechazo a la inmigración, construida de nuevo como un problema-obstáculo. El autor muestra, además, como la actual crisis económica se ha convertido en un factor añadido que ha multiplicado los discursos acerca de la urgencia de ofrecer respuestas adecuadas frente a la inmigración en las que se opta por una lógica jurídica de la excepcionalidad, de derogación o al menos suspensión de alguno de los principios y reglas del Estado de Derecho cuando se trata de regular el status jurídico de quienes son identificados como amenaza. (shrink)

Riassunto: Presentiamo una prospettiva semiotica e dinamica per indagare e discutere dal punto di vista psicologico i fenomeni della regolazione affettiva attraverso la mediazione e l’articolazione dei segni. Al fine di evitare uno sguardo semplicistico, lineare e riduttivo, i fenomeni affettivi sono presentati come campi quasi strutturati, i quali vengono a differenziarsi attraverso mediatori semiotici. La loro funzione è quella di orientare le persone attraverso l’anticipazione dell’immediato futuro. La regolazione semiotica conduce alla costruzione di gerarchie – temporanee – ovvero strutture (...) di segni che incanalano le esperienze. Dalla costituzione di segni operatori di meta-livello segue sia la veloce espansione della costruzione di segni sia l’arresto e la demolizione della temporanea gerarchia regolativa di segni. Tali segni permettono tanto l’espansione flessibile quanto la limitazione della profondità e della ridondanza dei processi di auto-regolazione delle esperienze soggettive e delle azioni nei diversi contesti. Parole chiave: Mediazione semiotica; Segni; Gerarchie; Affetti; Regolazione affettiva; Campi affettivi The Dynamic Regulation of Affective Processes through Semiotic Mediation: We introduce a semiotic and dynamic perspective to investigate and discuss – from a psychological point of view – the process of affective regulation through the mediation and articulation of signs. In order to avoid a simplistic, linear and reductive appraisal, affective phenomena are presented as quasi-structured fields, which differentiate themselves through semiotic mediators. Their function is to orient people in anticipation of the immediate future. Semiotic regulation leads to the construction of temporary hierarchies, namely structures of signs that guide experiences. From the constitution of meta-level operator signs ensues both the rapid expansion of the construction of signs and the arrest and the demolition of the temporary regulatory hierarchy of signs. These signs allow for flexible expansion but also limit the “depth” and redundancy of self-regulation processes in subjective experiences and actions in different contexts. Keywords: Semiotic Mediation; Signs; Hyerarchies; Affects; Affect Regulation; Affective Fields. (shrink)

In a 2008 paper, Justin Barrett designed a conceptual scale to measure the level of counterintuitiveness of concepts, “Barrett’s counterintuitiveness coding and quantifying scheme”. According to Barrett, the higher a concept scores in this scale, the more counterintuitive it is. The scale is meant as an auxiliary tool for one of the mainstream theories in the cognitive science of religion, namely, the Minimal Counterintuitiveness Hypothesis. For a concept to be adherent, i.e., to survive across cultures and across time, it has (...) to score points in the counterintuitiveness scale, but it has to score low. Concepts that score too high or that don’t score at all are non-adherent. In this paper the case is made that at least some varieties of religious belief involve concepts that resist accurate measuring. The case study presented here features Spiritual Oneness, the belief that “all things are one”, frequently prompted by mystical experiences and frequently described as being very adherent. We purport that the failure of Barrett’s scale to allow for an examination of the concepts at stake in Spiritual Oneness is to be explained by the fact that the background assumptions about counterintuitiveness underpinning the scale are too narrow. (shrink)

The autho r , after pointing out the reasons w h y the debate in the EU and in Spain continue to ignore w hat he calls the radical l y political meaning of the phenomenon of mig ration, tries to a r gue that the conditions and the consequences of the re c o gnition of immigration are a political question ( e v en the political question). He focuses in pa r ticular on the pro b lem of (...) immi g rants ' access to citizenship, to propose, li k e Rubio or Carens, a g radual g ranting (in time and space) but mere l y temporary -based on sta b le residence- of citizenship to immi g rants that is understood as pa r t of a plural multiple and inclus i v e concept of citizenship. (shrink)

Whereas in semiotics we have tried to account for the activity of the figurative dimension of meaning as a coherent text deformation, in other knowledge fields, the study of figures of speech and of images, have led to an original design of “figural” as a full dimension of cultures. Whether it was a matter of the relationship between saying and seeing or of the nature and power of images, the “figural” has been designed as a device able to move the (...) boundaries between: speech and desire, rhetoric and esthesia, reality and reference, between the subjectal constitution and the phenomenal donation, between the singular expression as semiotic praxis and stabilization of values ​​over time. (shrink)