Cet article cherche à mettre en évidence qu’Anders a développé une philosophie de l’histoire plurielle et complexe, c’est-à-dire non-linéaire, dès ses premiers écrits d’anthropologie philosophique, mais aussi dans ses œuvres littéraires et théoriques des années 1930-1940, en particulier dans sa Kulturphilosophie encore inédite. Il s’agit alors de relire la célèbre thèse andersienne de l’obsolescence de l’histoire : cette dernière signe l’uniformisation, donc l’appauvrissement, de la pluralité des lignes historiques à l’heure où la technique et le conformisme ferment les possibles politiques, (...) idéologiques et artistiques. (shrink)

Pendant des décennies, l’objectif de concevoir une « philosophie concrète » a orienté les travaux philosophiques de Günther Anders. Pourtant, il nous faut encore fournir une contextualisation historique et un examen critique de cet aspect crucial de sa pensée. Dans cet essai, j’examine les textes publiés et non publiés (de son vivant) qu’Anders a écrits contre Martin Heidegger à partir de la fin des années 1940. C’est bien dans ces textes qu’Anders explicite et détaille ce qu’est pour lui une philosophie (...) de la « concrétude ». Cet article nous permettra, du moins je l’espère, de faire apparaître la philosophie d’Anders et de mieux discerner comment s’est formé le système d’idées qui sous-tend l’ opus magnum d’Anders, L’Obsolescence de l’homme. (shrink)

Cet article a pour objectif d’éclairer la critique de médias développée par Günther Anders dans les deux tomes de L’Obsolescence de l’homme. Il s’agit de souligner qu’Anders a, le premier, mis en évidence le devenir spectaculaire de notre société : les médias modernes que sont la télévision et la radio ont entraîné une transformation ontologique du monde réduit à l’état de fantôme entre réalité et apparence, et un bouleversement psychologique du sujet placé dans des états schizophréniques. Notre hypothèse est que (...) cette critique des médias d’Anders se fonde sur et se comprend par une phénoménologie de la « médialité » des actes sensoriels entre activité et passivité, médialité qui va être subvertie par l’ambiguïté ontologique et épistémologique que créent les médias de masse. (shrink)

Perhaps no philosopher has so fully explored the nature and conditions of historical understanding as Wilhelm Dilthey. His work, conceived overall as a Critique of Historical Reason and developed through his well-known theory of the human studies, provides concepts and methods still fruitful for those concerned with analyzing the human condition. Despite the increasing recognition of Dilthey's contributions, relati vely few of his writings have as yet appeared in English translation. It is therefore both timely and useful to have (...) available here two works drawn from different phases in the development of his philosophy. The "Ideas Concerning a Descriptive and Analytic Psychology" (1894), now translated into English for the first time, sets forth Dilthey's programma tic and methodological viewpoints through a descriptive psychology, while "The Understanding of Other Persons and Their Expressions of Life" (ca. 1910) is representative of his later hermeneutic approach to historical understanding. DESCRIPTIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND THE HUMAN STUDIES Dilthey presented the first mature statement of his theory of the human studies in volume one of his Einleitung in die Geisteswissenschaften (Introduction to the Human Studies), published in 1883. He argued there that for the proper study of man and history we must eschew the metaphysical speculation of the absolute idealists while at the same time avoiding the scientistic reduction of positivism. (shrink)

This book explores the intellectual encounter of India and the West from pre-Alexandrian antiquity until the present. It examines India’s role in European philosophical thought, as well as the reception of European philosophy in Indian thought. Halbfass also considers the tension in India between a traditional and modern understanding of itself. Halbfass covers a wide variety of epochs and “cultures” in this study without oversimplification and without distracting shifts of tone. The volume’s methodological unity is reflected in Halbfass’ reliance on (...) the German hermeneutical tradition and his root characterization of the encounter between Indian and the West as dynamic. It is a contribution rooted in the interpretive tradition typified by the work of Heidegger, Gadamer, and Habermas. This edition is much more than a mere translation. Halbfass has not only translated, but has also revised, updated, and added much new material. (shrink)

Dilthey is a figure of real importance in European philosophy and social theory. He exerted a significant influence on Husserl, Heidegger and Weber (among others) through his work on the nature of philosophy and the methodology and epistemology of human and social studies. He was also a distinguished and original historian of ideas and, indeed, many of his philosophical interests arose from the insights and practical difficulties he encountered as a historian. He produced a monumental biography of Schleiermacher, and a (...) series of shorter, but no less striking studies of Hegel, Dickens, Shakespeare, Schiller and many others. (shrink)

The philosopher and historian of culture Wilhelm Dilthey (1833-1911) has had a significant and continuing influence on twentieth-century Continental philosophy and in a broad range of scholarly disciplines. This volume is the third to be published in Princeton University Press's projected six-volume series of his most important works. Part One makes available three of his works on hermeneutics and its history: "Schleiermacher's Hermeneutical System in Relation to Earlier Protestant Hermeneutics" (The Prize Essay of 1860); "On Understanding and Hermeneutics" (1867-68), (...) based on student lecture notes, and the "The Rise of Hermeneutics" (1900), which traces the history of hermeneutics back to Hellenistic Greece. All the addenda to this well-known essay are translated here, some for the first time. In them Dilthey articulates three philosophical aporias concerning hermeneutics and projects an ultimate convergence between understanding and explanation. Part Two provides translations of review essays by Dilthey on Buckle's use of statistical history and on Burckhardt's cultural history; an essay "Friedrich Schlosser and the Problem of Universal History;" and a talk recalling his early years as a student of Boeckh, Jakob Grimm, Mommsen, Ranke, and Ritter. It also contains the important historical essay "The Eighteenth Century and the Historical World," in which Dilthey reexamines the Enlightenment to show its significant contributions to the rise of historical consciousness. (shrink)

This book examines, above all, the relationship between reason and Vedic revelation, and the philosophical responses to the idea of the Veda. It deals with such topics as dharma, karma and rebirth, the role of man in the universe, the motivation and justification of human actions, the relationship between ritual norms and universal ethics, and reflections on the goals and sources of human knowledge. Halbfass presents previously unknown materials concerning the history of sectarian movements, including the notorious "Thags" (thaka), and (...) relations between Indian and Iranian thought. The approach is partly philosophical and partly historical and philological; to a certain extent, it is also comparative. The author explores indigenous Indian reflections on the sources, the structure and the meaning of the Hindu tradition, and traditional philosophical responses to social and historical realities. He does not deal with social and historical realities per se; rather, basing his work on the premise that to understand these realities the reflections and constructions of traditional Indian theorists are no less significant than the observations and paradigms of modern Western historians and social scientists, he explores the self-understanding of such leading thinkers as Sankara, Kumarila, Bhartrhari and Udayana. (shrink)

The mole and Avogadro’s number are two important concepts of science that provide a link between the properties of individual atoms or molecules and the properties of bulk matter. It is clear that an early theorist of the idea of these two concepts was Avogadro. However, the research literature shows that there is a controversy about the subjects of when and by whom the mole concept was first introduced into science and when and by whom Avogadro’s number was first calculated. (...) Based on this point, the following five matters are taken into consideration in this paper. First, in order to base the subject matter on a strong ground, the historical development of understanding the particulate nature of matter is presented. Second, in 1811, Amedeo Avogadro built the theoretical foundations of the mole concept and the number 6.022 × 1023 mol−1. Third, in 1865, Johann Josef Loschmidt first estimated the number of molecules in a cubic centimetre of a gas under normal conditions as 1.83 × 1018. Fourth, in 1881, August Horstmann first introduced the concept of gram-molecular weight in the sense of today’s mole concept into chemistry and, in 1900, Wilhelm Ostwald first used the term mole instead of the term ‘gram-molecular weight’. Lastly, in 1889, Károly Than first determined the gram-molecular volume of gases under normal conditions as 22,330 cm3. Accordingly, the first value for Avogadro’s number in science history should be 4.09 × 1022 molecules/gram-molecular weight, which is calculated by multiplying Loschmidt’s 1.83 × 1018 molecules/cm3 by Than’s 22,330 cm3/gram-molecular weight. Hence, Avogadro is the originator of the ideas of the mole and the number 6.022 × 1023 mol−1, Horstmann first introduced the mole concept into science/chemistry, and Loschmidt and Than are the scientists who first calculated Avogadro’s number. However, in the science research literature, it is widely expressed that the mole concept was first introduced into chemistry by Ostwald in 1900 and that Avogadro’s number was first calculated by Jean Baptiste Perrin in 1908. As a result, in this study, it is particularly emphasised that Horstmann first introduced the mole concept into science/chemistry and the first value of Avogadro’s number in the history of science was 4.09 × 1022 molecules/gram-molecular weight and Loschmidt and Than together first calculated this number. (shrink)

This two volume work is a comprehensive reader in modern philosophical and theological hermeneutics. David E. Klemm has selected essays representing acknowledged classics in hermeneutics and the best modern hermeneutical thinkers. Volume One collects essays on the hermeneutics of texts. Volume Two collects works on the hermeneutics of existence. Each essay is preceded by an informative contextualizing introduction. Included in Volume One are works by: F.D.E. Schleiermacher, Wilhelm Dilthey, Rudolf Bultmann, Martin Heidegger, Paul Tillich, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Gerhard Ebeling, Paul (...) Ricoeur, Norman Perrin, and Robert P. Scharlemann. (shrink)

Im Zentrum des vielschichtigen, allen Aspekten der Geistesgeschichte zugewandten Diltheyschen Denkens stehen die konsequente Besinnung auf die Geschichtlichkeit des Menschen und der Aufweis der erkenntnistheoretischen Eigenständigkeit der Geisteswissenschaften. Diese Abhandlung von 1907 gibt eine konzentrierte Einführung in die Grundzüge geisteswissenaftlich orientierten Philosophierens und begründet die Bedeutung der geistesgeschichtlichen Erschließung der philosophischen Tradition.

Halbfass (Indian philosophy, U. of Pennsylvania) combines specialized philological and conceptual investigations with general philosophical and comparative reflections to present a history of the ontology of the Vaisesika system, which is commonly considered the lowest of the Vaisesika school, he focuses on the older period up to Udayana, whose work paves the way for Navyanyaya. Paper edition (unseen), $19.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

This is an entirely new translation of one of the fundamental works in the development of the study of language. Published in 1836, it formed the general introduction to Wilhelm von Humboldt's three-volume treatise on the Kawi language of Java. It is the final statement of his lifelong study of the nature of language, and presents a survey of a great many languages, exploring ways in which their various grammatical structures make them more or less suitable as vehicles of (...) thought and cultural development. Empirically wide-ranging - von Humboldt goes far beyond the Indo-European family of languages - it remains one of the most interesting and important attempts to draw philosophical conclusions from comparative linguistics. (shrink)

English summary: Der Band legt erstmals Diltheys groae, wirkungsreiche Berliner Vorlesung zur allgemeinen Geschichte der Philosophie vor, die er uber einen Zeitraum von zwanzig Jahren (zwischen dem Sommersemester 1885 und dem Wintersemester 1905/06) gehalten hat. Auaerdem wird der Biographisch-literarische Grundria wieder zuganglich gemacht, der fur die Horer der Vorlesung gedruckt wurde und in sechs - jeweils aktualisierten - Auflagen erschienen ist.Mit Band XXIII kommt die Edition von Diltheys Vorlesungen im Rahmen der Ausgabe seiner Gesammelten Schriften zu ihrem Abschlua. Der Band (...) stutzt sich unter anderem auf die beiden groaen Vorlesungsnachschriften von Eduard Spranger (Wintersemester 1900/01) und Herman Nohl (Wintersemester 1902/03).Dilthey entwirft die Geschichte der Philosophie aus universalhistorischer Perspektive und behandelt die Geschichte des menschlichen Denkens von den religios-philosophischen Konzeptionen der Volker des Ostens bis zur westeuropaischen Philosophie des spaten 19. Jahrhunderts. Dabei verfolgt er nicht rein doxographische Interessen, sondern versteht Philosophiegeschichte auch als Teil der philosophischen Grundlegung. German description: Der Band legt erstmals Diltheys groae, wirkungsreiche Berliner Vorlesung zur allgemeinen Geschichte der Philosophie vor, die er uber einen Zeitraum von zwanzig Jahren (zwischen dem Sommersemester 1885 und dem Wintersemester 1905/06) gehalten hat. Auaerdem wird der Biographisch-literarische Grundria wieder zuganglich gemacht, der fur die Horer der Vorlesung gedruckt wurde und in sechs - jeweils aktualisierten - Auflagen erschienen ist.Mit Band XXIII kommt die Edition von Diltheys Vorlesungen im Rahmen der Ausgabe seiner Gesammelten Schriften zu ihrem Abschlua. Der Band stutzt sich unter anderem auf die beiden groaen Vorlesungsnachschriften von Eduard Spranger (Wintersemester 1900/01) und Herman Nohl (Wintersemester 1902/03).Dilthey entwirft die Geschichte der Philosophie aus universalhistorischer Perspektive und behandelt die Geschichte des menschlichen Denkens von den religios-philosophischen Konzeptionen der Volker des Ostens bis zur westeuropaischen Philosophie des spaten 19. Jahrhunderts. Dabei verfolgt er nicht rein doxographische Interessen, sondern versteht Philosophiegeschichte auch als Teil der philosophischen Grundlegung. (shrink)

La imaginación del poeta (1887)--Acerca del origen y legitimidad de nuestra creencia en la realidad del mundo exterior (1890)--Experiencia y plensamiento (1892)--Ideas acerca de una psicologia descriptiva y analítica (1894)--Sobre psicología comparada (1895-96)--Apéndices.--Suplemento.

the background. In this case (and I have in mind Kant's "On the Supposed Right to Lie because of Philanthropic Concerns"1), the commitment to truth ...